Deck 3: Nursing History, Education, and Organizations

Question 1

During which war were the Sisters of the Holy Cross the first to respond to America's dramatically increased need for nurses?

A)Civil
B)Crimean
C)French and Indian
D)Revolutionary

Answer 1

Civil

Question 2

Who was the Greek physician,born in 460 B.C. ,considered to be the father of medicine?

A)Fabiola
B)Father Moreau
C)Hippocrates
D)St.Jerome

Answer 2

Hippocrates

Question 3

In which civilization were hospitals first established?

A)Babylonian and Assyrian civilizations
B)ancient Greece civilization
C)Roman civilization of the Roman Empire
D)European civilization of the Middle Ages

Answer 3

Roman civilization of the Roman Empire

Question 4

Which nurse is considered to be the first community health nurse,who,after founding the Henry Street Settlement Service in New York City,devoted her life to providing nursing care to the indigent population?

A)Dorothea Dix
B)Adelaide Nutting
C)Isabel Hampton Robb
D)Lillian Wald

Question 5

The first recorded school of nursing was organized to educate deaconesses to care for the sick.It was established in 1836 in Kaiserwerth,Germany,by:

A)Pastor Fliedner
B)Father Moreau
C)Florence Nightingale
D)Dorothea Dix

Question 6

The ancient Greeks built temples to honor Hygeia,the goddess of health,to:

A)educate priestesses as nurses
B)provide a spalike healing environment
C)house the sick and infirm being treated by priests and priestesses
D)store medicines and literature devoted to the study of medicine

Question 7

Florence Nightingale's beliefs about nursing and nursing education,novel for her time,included such things as a holistic framework inclusive of illness and health,a theoretical basis for nursing practice,and:

A)a body of knowledge distinct from medical knowledge
B)group-centered care for clients who had similar health problems
C)client care that was based solely within hospitals
D)an education based primarily on nursing theory and actual clinical practice

Question 8

During the Crimean War,Florence Nightingale initiated the implementation of her principles of nursing practice.Which of the following represent the foundation of her nursing practice?

A)working around the clock
B)cleanliness,good nutrition,and fresh air
C)bed rest,limited activity,and hand hygiene
D)carrying oil lamps to illuminate the care setting

Question 9

As the graduate nurse embarks on a career in the art and science of nursing,it is important to remember the MAIN function of nursing is to:

A)focus on scientific developments in care that advances the profession
B)assist people in learning self-care or provide direct care when client self-care is not possible
C)use critical thinking in combination with current technology to provide client care
D)concentrate on prevention of illness and promotion of wellness

Question 10

The student nurse wants to understand where the foundation of current nursing practice originates.The BEST method for obtaining this knowledge would be to:

A)study the history of nursing
B)study the history of medicine
C)review current issues that impact the profession
D)talk with clients who have recently received nursing care

Question 11

History has credited Florence Nightingale with being the originator of modern nursing.This distinction was made because of which of the following?

A)Many of her beliefs and concepts are still advocated in modern nursing schools.
B)She founded the first nursing school that included liberal arts education.
C)She was the first formally educated practicing nurse.
D)She was the first nurse to serve in a battle site hospital.

Question 12

Which nurse was appointed as Superintendent of the Female Nurses of the Army in 1861 and was the first woman to be appointed to an administrative position by the federal government?

A)Dorothea Dix
B)Lavinia Dock
C)Clara Barton
D)Lillian Wald

Question 13

Which of these concepts used in current nursing practice was introduced by Nightingale?

A)encouraging involvement of family and friends in a client's care
B)maintaining confidentiality
C)organizing a methodical system of nursing administration
D)organizing a system of differentiated nursing practice

Question 14

During the Industrial Revolution,it was considered unseemly for women to be nurses.What was the overall view of nurses during this time?

A)They were well-respected professionals.
B)They worked in homes,primarily under the supervision of physicians.
C)They worked in hospitals as independent practitioners.
D)They were considered nonprofessional servants.

Question 15

Which of these factors set the stage for nursing reforms that led to the establishment of the Nightingale Training School of Nurses in 1860?

A)public outcry over the limited resources available to the many people who were sick and indigent
B)religious influence in surrounding countries
C)social conditions and the need for nurses
D)the proliferation of factories and the deteriorating health of laborers

Question 16

Which characteristic is associated with hospitals established during the rule of the Roman Empire?

A)They advocated that nurses provide clients with clean air and light.
B)They established formal training for caregivers.
C)They were staffed mostly by paid male nurses and male assistants.
D)They were primarily charitable institutions housed in monasteries and convents.

Question 17

The Nightingale School of Nursing was the first school of nursing that:

A)admitted both female and male students
B)offered a nursing program at no cost to students
C)required a year of college studies before students were admitted
D)provided both theory-based knowledge and clinical skill building

Question 18

Which nurse volunteered her nursing services during the Civil War and was responsible for organizing the American Red Cross in 1881?

A)Dorothea Dix
B)Lavinia Dock
C)Clara Barton
D)Lillian Wald

Question 19

Through studying nursing history,nurses become aware that the foundation of nursing practice today is based on the research of:

A)Pastor Fliedner
B)Dorothea Dix
C)Florence Nightingale
D)Father Moreau

Question 20

Isabel Hampton Robb founded the Superintendents' Society,which formed the basis for which current nursing organizations?

A)Holistic Health Nursing Association and Canadian Nurses Association
B)American Nurses Association and National League for Nursing
C)Association of Public Health Nurses and National Student Nurses Association
D)American Academy of Nursing and Council for Collegiate Education in Nursing

Question 21

During the middle ages,Sir Camillus,a male nurse,is remembered for which of the following accomplishments that are still used today? (Select all that apply. )

A)mixing sterile water with powdered medications to inject into clients
B)originated the red cross symbol
C)served on a Navy ship caring for service men
D)developed the first ambulance service

Question 22

As nursing graduates,students need to be aware of organizations that assist in governing and regulating nursing practice.Which of the following organizations fall in this category? (Select all that apply. )

A)National Council of State Boards of Nursing
B)Nightingale Training School for Nurses
C)National League for Nursing
D)baccalaureate nursing programs

Question 23

Graduates from an accredited nursing program are aware that to obtain a license to practice nursing in the United States they must:

A)complete 2 years of clinical practice in an approved hospital or community health care setting
B)graduate from an accredited college or university program in nursing
C)meet state eligibility requirements and apply for licensure
D)pass the National Council Licensure Examination

Question 24

When was the concept of third-party payments and prepaid health insurance instituted?

A)at the turn of the 20th century in the lumber and mining camps of the Pacific Northwest
B)during World War I for families of those serving in the armed services
C)during the Depression by Blue Cross/Blue Shield to provide reimbursement to subscribers
D)in 1935 as part of federal legislation to establish Social Security

Question 25

The Goldmark Report identified which of the following as the major weakness of hospital-based nursing training programs?

A)failure to correlate theory with clinical practice
B)inadequate clinical facilities
C)limited number of clients consenting to student nursing care
D)putting the needs of the institution before the needs of the student

Question 26

Linda Richards,who was awarded the first diploma from an American school of nursing,made which of the following contributions to nursing?

A)established numerous community health clinics in urban areas
B)created a system of delivering health care to rural America
C)introduced the practice of keeping nurses' notes and health care providers' orders as part of the medical record
D)served as the first editor of The American Journal of Nursing

Question 27

Nursing educators provide learning experiences that focus on observing and providing care for living clients such as those in a hospital setting The nursing student is aware that this type of learning is:

A)clinical learning
B)didactic learning
C)group learning
D)staff-development learning

Question 28

Under which of these arrangements is primary health care service provided to clients for a predetermined fee?

A)health maintenance organization
B)primary care practitioner
C)preferred service provider
D)fee-for-service health insurance

Question 29

Nursing educators provide a systematic presentation of information in a classroom setting.Student nurses are aware that this type of learning experience is considered to be:

A)clinical learning
B)didactic learning
C)group learning
D)staff development learning

Question 30

The nursing care personnel who care for clients under the supervision of an RN or other licensed provider while employed in settings such as hospitals,long-term care,home health,medical office,and ambulatory care facilities are known as:

A)patient care assistants
B)professional nurses
C)technical nurses
D)vocational nurses

Question 31

Which nurse was considered an influential nursing educator who wrote one of the first nursing textbooks.In addition,she also was the first editor of The American Journal of Nursing?

A)Lavinia Dock
B)Mary Mahoney
C)Adelaide Nutting
D)Linda Richards

Question 32

Which nursing advocate worked to encourage respect for cultural diversity and was America's first African American professional nurse?

A)Lavinia Dock
B)Mary Mahoney
C)Adelaide Nutting
D)Linda Richards

Question 33

A nursing student attends a 2-year nursing program at a community college and is prepared to apply for registered nurse licensure in the future.The BEST description of this student's academic program would be:

A)an associate degree in nursing
B)a bachelor of science in nursing
C)a diploma of nursing
D)a vocational certificate of nursing

Question 34

Maintaining membership in nursing organizations is vital to the nursing profession because the primary function of these organizations is to:

A)offer important social and community contacts
B)represent nurses in collective bargaining
C)protect nurses' general welfare
D)give nurses special discounts for continuing education

Question 35

The discord among physicians regarding nursing care laid the groundwork for the establishment of these nursing protocols:

A)Health care providers' orders became a standard part of the medical record in the late 1800s.
B)Standing orders for nurses providing home care were developed by the Chicago Visiting Nurse Association in 1912.
C)The first schools for practical nursing were founded in the 1890s.
D)Third-party payers set standards for which services they would pay for and who could perform those services.

Question 36

Nursing programs must complete processes that appraise institutions,programs,or services that meet predetermined structure,process,and outcome criteria.This process is:

A)accreditation
B)competency
C)didacticism
D)licensure

Question 37

Which of these schools was the FIRST to provide formal education for practical nursing?

A)Nursing Association School of Attendant Nursing
B)Thompson Practical Nursing School
C)St.Mary's College
D)Ballard School

Question 38

Which type of nursing programs prepare graduates to write the licensure examination?

A)continuing
B)entry level
C)postgraduate
D)staff development

Question 39

The federal government became more involved in health care delivery with the passage of which legislative act?

A)Medicare
B)Health Maintenance Organization
C)Rural Health Clinic Service
D)Social Security

Question 40

Adelaide Nutting was a nursing educator,historian,and scholar,and the first nurse to be:

A)elected president of the American Nurses Association
B)appointed to a university professorship
C)given an honorary degree from a university
D)granted a national service award by the National League for Nursing

Question 41

Evidence-based practices are used to ensure which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)Nurses are accountable for the care they provide.
B)Best practice care is provided to clients.
C)The best possible client outcomes are ensured.
D)Research evidence is used in providing client care.
E)Scientific knowledge of client care is improved.