Deck 22: Anticonvulsants, Antiparkinsonian Drugs, and Agents for Alzheimers Disease

Question 1

Alex,34 years of age,was recently diagnosed with Parkinson's.What medication might he be prescribed as a "levodopa-sparing" strategy?

A)gabapentin
B)ropinirole
C)galantamine
D)tolcapone

Answer 1

ropinirole

Question 2

Zelina has just been diagnosed with generalized seizures and the decision has been made to start treating her with anticonvulsants.What is likely the first choice of treatment?

A)a single second generation anticonvulsant
B)a cocktail of first and second generation anticonvulsants
C)a single first generation anticonvulsant
D)a benzodiazepine

Answer 2

a single first generation anticonvulsant

Question 3

Arthur experiences status epilepticus and his terrified patients rush him to the hospital.What is the treatment of choice?

A)IV lorazepam administered slowly and simultaneous loading with IV phenytoin or fosphenytoin
B)rapid loading with patient's usual anticonvulsant
C)rapid loading with IV lorazepam and phenytoin or fosphenytoin
D)rectal diazepam gel and IV phenytoin or fosphenytoin

Answer 3

IV lorazepam administered slowly and simultaneous loading with IV phenytoin or fosphenytoin

Question 4

Clarissa has partial seizures.What is the most likely cause of her seizures?

A)agenesis of the corpus callosum
B)temporal lobe lesion
C)meningitis or other brain infection
D)brain stem infarct

Question 5

Jim has been taking a carbidopa-levodopa agent for almost two years and is experiencing wearing off.What medication might be useful?

A)carbamazepine
B)rivastigmine
C)selegiline
D)levetiracetam

Question 6

Kristian has generalized epilepsy that is not as well-controlled in his opinion.He wonders if he should be switched to a second-generation anticonvulsant.How are second-generation anticonvulsants typically used in the management of epilepsy?

A)as adjuvants
B)in emergency treatment of status epilepticus
C)for febrile seizures
D)as alternatives to first-generation anticonvulsants

Question 7

Maeve has Parkinson's with marked bradykinesia which has not been well-controlled with medications typically prescribed for mild Parkinson's.What medication might help her?

A)Eldepryl
B)Sinemet
C)Azilect
D)Neupro

Question 8

Roderick's terrified parents rush their 18 month-old son to the emergency room after he has a seizure that lasts about a minute.An investigation reveals Roderick has had a febrile seizure.What is the treatment of choice?

A)IV lorazepam
B)rectal diazepam gel
C)IV loading with phenytoin
D)identifcation of and treatment for the cause of the fever

Question 9

Kyla has seizures in which the onset is limited to one cerebral hemisphere and involve no loss of consciousness.This type of seizure is called .

A)complex partial
B)atypical
C)generalized
D)simple partial

Question 10

Layne has absence seizures.Such seizures may be described as .

A)convilsive generalized seizures.
B)simple partial seizures
C)nonconvulsive generalized seizures
D)complex partial seizures

Question 11

Ursula has seizures that are bilaterally symmetrical and without local onset.These seizures are .

A)generalized
B)partial
C)atypical
D)unclassified

Question 12

Heather has Parkinson's disease and her symptoms are very poorly controlled in the morning.What dopamine agonist might be helpful?

A)benztropine
B)rasagiline
C)tolcapone
D)rotigotine

Question 13

Thelma has restless leg syndrome that has disrupted her sleep and left her drowsy during the day.What medication might be helpful?

A)levodopa
B)selegiline
C)pramipexole
D)benztropine

Question 14

Brittany has absence seizures.What is the drug of choice for managing this type of seizure?

A)clonazepam
B)lamotrigine
C)ethosuximide
D)valproic acid

Question 15

Rosetta has seizures that are characterized by an abrupt loss of consciousness,falling,with extension of trunk and extremities,followed by alternating contractions and relaxation of the muscles.These are classified as .

A)absence
B)tonic-clonic
C)psychomotor
D)atypical

Question 16

Kody takes a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant,which is likely to be .

A)clonazepam
B)valproic acid
C)ethosuximide
D)carbamazepine

Question 17

Trevor has just been diagnosed with Parkinson's and his doctor prescribes a single agent that alters dopamine release and has anticholinergic effects.The efficacy of the drug tends to wane rather quickly.What drug is it likely to be?

A)entacapone
B)amantadine
C)galantamine
D)memantine

Question 18

Kassidy's seizures are well-controlled with carbamazepine.However,what food should she avoid?

A)grapefruit
B)milk
C)chocolate
D)tree nuts

Question 19

Naya has absence seizures.Is carbamazepine likely to help her?

A)No,because carbamazepine is known to worsen absence and myoclonic seizures.
B)Yes,but she may require an additional anticonvulsant.
C)Yes,but the appropriate dose must be calculated carefully.
D)This is not possible to determine,but in general,carbamazepine is a very effective drug.

Question 20

Clarissa is being treated with oxcarbazepine,a second-generation oral anticonvulsant indicated for the treatment of ____.

A)partial seizures
B)absence seizures
C)status epilepticus
D)febrile seizures

Question 21

Which of the following is considered to be a neurologic emergency?

A)psychomotor epilepsy
B)tonic-clonic seizures
C)absence seizures
D)status epilepticus

Question 22

Epilepsy is defined as the recurrence of .

A)unprovoked seizures
B)ocnvulsive seizures
C)febrile seizures
D)bilaterally symmetric seizures

Question 23

Felipe has just been diagnosed with Alzheimer's and is terrified about what will happen to him.What cholinesterase inhibitor may delay symptoms?

A)entacapone
B)amantadine
C)rivastigmine
D)memantine

Question 24

Jane has sensorimotor neurologic disorder characterized by a distressing urge to move the legs,often accompanied by a marked sense of discomfort in the legs.She likely has .

A)ALS
B)RLS
C)Parkinson's
D)psychomotor epilepsy

Question 25

Kerri is the primary caregiver for her mother,who has moderate Alzheimer's dementia and appears to be deteriorating.What medication has been approved for patients whose dementia has progressed to the moderate or severe stages?

A)tacrine
B)memantine
C)pramipexole
D)benztropine