Deck 17: Sexual Coercion

Question 1

Which of the following occupational fields has been especially resistant to the presence of women?

A)academic services
B)corporate organizations
C)health care services
D)military

Answer 1

D

Question 2

One type of harassment that may not involve sexual harassment,per se,is

A)verbally harassing or abusing someone.
B)brushing against a person's body.
C)stalking a person.
D)leering at a person's body.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is a dominant element in sexual harassment?

A)power
B)hostility
C)sex
D)passion

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is an independent think tank focusing on expediting equality for lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender people?

A)The American Action Forum
B)The Constitution Project
C)The Project for the New American Century
D)The Movement Advancement Project

Question 5

According to the Stop Street Harassment national study,which of the following tops the list of the kinds of street harassments reported by women?

A)flashing
B)sexual touching
C)stalking
D)verbal harassment

Question 6

Between 1997 and 2010,the number of sexual harassment charges

A)skyrocketed.
B)increased slightly.
C)stayed about the same.
D)decreased.

Question 7

Many colleges have developed sexual harassment policies restricting professor-student relationships because of the fundamental principle that

A)women students are inappropriately approached by male professors.
B)the majority of professors are male.
C)these types of relationships cannot be truly consensual.
D)students often try to manipulate these relationships to their advantage.

Question 8

According to the 2005 AAUW study of women who experienced sexual harassment,what percentage of women reported the incident to faculty or other college employee?

A)7 percent
B)20 percent
C)15 percent
D)28 percent

Question 9

Which of the following is true about street harassment?

A)It occurs seldom and is not highly consequential.
B)It includes only sexual acts that involve touching.
C)It makes legal recourse difficult because the attacker is a stranger.
D)It is the same as sexual harassment in school and the workplace.

Question 10

An urban police force hires several gay and lesbian officers,and wants to assign them to patrol only those parts of the city known to have substantial numbers of gay and lesbian residents.What aspect of heterosexism do such policies represent?

A)excluding gay men and lesbian women
B)segregating lesbian women and gay men
C)submerging lesbian women and gay men
D)queer-bashing homosexual individuals

Question 11

Heterosexism is demonstrated when a person

A)talks about his or her gay sibling in a positive light.
B)talks as if gay,lesbian,and bisexual people do not exist.
C)declares that gay people are special creations of God.
D)confides that she is afraid of his or her own sexual feelings for women.

Question 12

Laura sees George at their company's quarterly meetings.Laura enjoys being with George,and when she sees him,she hugs him affectionately.If George is like most men,how is he likely to interpret Laura's behavior?

A)He will see it as a power play to manipulate him.
B)He will view it as her attempt to further herself in the company.
C)He will assume she is interested in him sexually.
D)He will consider this harassment.

Question 13

Professor Butler tells off-color jokes in the classroom.These are usually about female body parts.He intersperses slide presentations with pictures of female nudes in provocative poses.Feedback to female students on their test papers often has sexual double entendres.Which of the following types of sexual harassment is exemplified in the given scenario?

A)requests for sexual favors
B)the creation of a hostile environment
C)unwelcomed sexual advances
D)physical conduct of a sexual nature

Question 14

According to a 2011 nationally representative survey of sexual harassment among 1,965 students in grades 7-12,what motivation do groups of middle and secondary school boys have for engaging in sexual harassment of girls?

A)strengthening their status within the group
B)desire to put down girls
C)expression of animosity toward females
D)malicious intentions toward fellow schoolmates

Question 15

According to a 2011 nationally representative survey of sexual harassment among 1,965 students in grades 7-12,most of the sexual harassment incidents were

A)verbal harassments.
B)physical assaults.
C)over social networking sites.
D)stalking incidents.

Question 16

In the context of differing cultural expectations,when a Latino expresses appreciation for a Latina's physical beauty she is likely to

A)feel uncomfortable and adversarial.
B)receive it as a compliment.
C)think he is being rude.
D)stop and talk with him about why it's not acceptable.

Question 17

Why might a professor asking a student for a date be considered harassment?

A)The professor is older and more educated than the student.
B)The professor's power over the student through grading limits the student's ability to accept or refuse freely.
C)The student can spread false rumors about the professor and ruin his or her reputation among colleagues.
D)The student can gain power over other students because of his or her special relationship with the professor.

Question 18

According to a 2011 nationally representative survey of sexual harassment among 1,965 students in grades 7-12,what fraction of elementary students who were sexually harassed said they did nothing afterward in response to the incident?

A)one third
B)one half
C)two thirds
D)three quarters

Question 19

Sexual harassment refers to two types of behavior,the abuse of power and

A)the creation of a hostile environment.
B)seduction.
C)the making of pornographic films.
D)requests for sexual favors as a condition of employment.

Question 20

A team of male workers traditionally welcome the new members of their group by a night of drinking at an "adult" club.They insist their newest female team member do the same.This behavior may be considered sexual harassment because

A)of the unwelcome sexual advances.
B)they are making sexual favors a condition of employment.
C)they are creating a hostile environment.
D)it is physical conduct that is illegal in nature.

Question 21

According to the text,which of the following types of rapes is the most common form of rape?

A)marital rape
B)date rape
C)stranger rape
D)gang rape

Question 22

Which of the following terms is used by the criminal justice system to describe forced sexual contact that does not necessarily include penile-vaginal intercourse and so does not meet the legal definition of rape?

A)sexual dysfunction
B)sexual assault
C)sexual coercion
D)sexual enforcement

Question 23

An irrational or phobic fear of gay men and lesbians is known as

A)heterophobiA.
B)heterosexism.
C)homophobia.
D)sexual aggression.

Question 24

One of the most significant recent legal advances in gay rights is

A)the passing of the Defense of Marriage Amendment.
B)the lifting of the U.S.military's "Don't Ask,Don't Tell" policy.
C)the right to form gay and lesbian persons associations.
D)none of these.

Question 25

In which of the following cases is it appropriate to categorize sexual orientation?

A)while analyzing data
B)while allotting private jobs
C)while making rental agreements
D)while recruiting for military jobs

Question 26

Which of the following terms is broadest in its meaning?

A)rape
B)sexual aggression
C)sexual coercion
D)incest

Question 27

Which of the following is true about homophobia?

A)It is irrational but supported by current cultural norms.
B)It does not involve fear of transgender individuals.
C)It is important to sustain and preserve marriage.
D)It includes all anti-gay feelings.

Question 28

Which of the following is true about the U.S.military's former "Don't Ask,Don't Tell" policy?

A)It banned all openly gay military persons from rendering their services.
B)It discharged only bisexual men from service,not women.
C)Its upliftment led to the formation of a more repressive anti-gay military policy.
D)It did not allow gay persons to continue rendering their services even if they were discreet about their sexual orientation.

Question 29

During the Middle Ages,gay men

A)had higher status than heterosexual men.
B)were banished from their place of stay.
C)were burned at the stake as heretics.
D)had a sacred role to play in the society.

Question 30

In the context of sexual harassment,the U.S.Supreme Court has ruled that

A)a woman cannot file a legal case against a co-worker for creating a hostile work environment as it is not illegal.
B)a man can file a legal action against a man in the event of sexual harassment.
C)a woman can file a legal action against a man only if there has been forced vaginal intercourse.
D)a man cannot file for a legal action against a man unless he is an openly gay male.

Question 31

Brad works with the U.S.military services.He identifies himself with homosexuality than heterosexuality.Under the U.S.military's former "Don't Ask,Don't Tell" (DADT)policy,which of the following is most likely to happen to Brad because of his sexual orientation?

A)He can get discharged if he is accused of being homosexual.
B)He can get discharged if he does not discuss his sexual orientation at work.
C)He is not likely to be discharged because under this policy,the military is accommodative of homosexual individuals.
D)He is not likely to be discharged because under this policy,the military is prohibited from discharging gay men and lesbian women.

Question 32

In the 1970's,feminists challenged the belief that rape

A)is an act of aggression directed against women.
B)revolves around the principal motive of power.
C)equally involves acts of sexual violence against men.
D)is a form of harmful sexual disorder.

Question 33

Which of the following is a reason for the actual prevalence rates of rape remaining unknown in the United States?

A)a lack of reporting of crimes by survivors
B)a lack of efficient data collection methods
C)the lesser importance given to the issue of rape
D)the lesser media coverage given to rape incidents

Question 34

The concept of homophobia is distinct from anti-gay prejudice in that the former

A)means legal discrimination in addition to prejudice.
B)means prejudice,but the second term means unreasonable personal reactions to lesbians and gay men.
C)means irrational fear of lesbians and gay men,not just prejudice.
D)describes rights and protections sought by gay men and lesbians,whereas the second term refers to the dislike of gay men and lesbians.

Question 35

Which of the following is false about violence against homosexual individuals?

A)Violence against homosexuals had been sanctioned by religious institutions.
B)Homosexuals were called "sodomites" in the sixteenth century and were condemned to death by burning.
C)Homosexuals were among the first victims of the Nazis.
D)Violence against homosexuals is a fairly recent phenomenon,with violence escalating over the past century.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a way to reduce the risk of stranger rape?

A)Take self-defense training.
B)Turn and face a person who approaches in a threatening manner.
C)Avoid dark and isolated areas.
D)Avoid opening doors to strangers.

Question 37

A strong dislike,fear,or hatred of gay,lesbian,and bisexual people because of their sexual orientation is called

A)heterophobiA.
B)heterosexism.
C)sexual aggression.
D)anti-gay prejudice.

Question 38

Which of the following illustrates acquaintance rape?

A)Debby gets raped by an unknown person in a dark alley.
B)Nick rapes his colleague Martha in the conference room after office hours.
C)Tim forces himself into his wife even on days when she is tired and unwilling.
D)Taylor,a ten-year-old girl,gets raped after giving consent to her uncle.

Question 39

According to the 2009 National School Climate Survey,the number of gay,bisexual and transgender youth that experienced harassment at school in 2008 were

A)2 in 10.
B)5 in 10.
C)7 in 10.
D)9 in 10.

Question 40

Which of the following represents the largest group of hate violence survivors?

A)White lesbian women
B)Black lesbian women
C)Asian gay men
D)White gay men

Question 41

Which one of the following is known as a "rape drug"?

A)Rohypnol
B)Rogaine
C)Reserpine
D)Roflex

Question 42

Which among the following is the rarest type of rape?

A)sadistic rape
B)power rape
C)statutory rape
D)anger rape

Question 43

Adrian,a student at a university in California,pursues his class mate Julia for months together.Eventually,she becomes friendly with him.One day,he gets intoxicated and tries to initiate sexual contact with Julia only to be stopped and rebuked by her.Who among the two has an upper hand in this situation?

A)Julia,because there was no sign of affirmative consent on her part
B)Adrian,because he was intoxicated at the time and cannot be held for his actions
C)Julia,because she is a woman and has an advantage over men in sexual matters
D)Adrian,because Julia has been friendly with him all the while and has no reason to refuse his sexual advances

Question 44

In the study that examined the patterns of sexually coercive behavior among samples of 266 Asian American men and 299 European American men for over one year,researchers have found that the strongest predictor of sexual coercive behavior is

A)the current demeanor of an individual.
B)the past sexual coercion history of an individual.
C)the social circle of an individual.
D)the public opinion about an individual.

Question 45

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a man who is likely to rape?

A)He displays hostility toward women.
B)He has a low level of sexual activity.
C)He has an antisocial orientation.
D)He believes in rape-supportive myths.

Question 46

Which item best summarizes the attitude of most people toward marital rape?

A)They view it as a deep betrayal of the marital bond and as deserving of severe penalties.
B)They view it with the same severity as sadistic rapes that need to be reported to the police when come across.
C)They minimize and distort it as a "marital tiff" and not a real rape.
D)They believe that a husband has absolute rights to have sex with his wife anytime he wishes,regardless of her needs.

Question 47

In the context of motivations for rape,the most brutal form of rape is

A)power rape.
B)anger rape.
C)statutory rape.
D)sadistic rape.

Question 48

One important factor that often confuses negotiations about sexual activity between men and women is that

A)sexual scripts seldom contain direct verbal consent for sex.
B)it is considered unfeminine to refuse male requests or demands in any type of interaction.
C)women gain power by keeping their sexual expressions to the bare minimum.
D)it is considered that men have no experience interpreting nonverbal cues from anyone,regardless of their gender.

Question 49

One problem that creates confusion over consent is that

A)our sexual scripts assume "yes" unless a "no" is directly stated.
B)most women say "yes" when they mean "no."
C)men notoriously ignore things women say.
D)women make their boundaries very clear,but men do not.

Question 50

Most rapes of men are by

A)heterosexual women.
B)other men.
C)lesbian women.
D)transgender people.

Question 51

Which of the following is true about affirmative consent?

A)It can be withdrawn only at the beginning of a sexual activity and not later.
B)It considers lack of resistance or protest as consent.
C)It need not be spoken.
D)It involves the traditional "no means no" standard.

Question 52

A person close to a rape survivor should do all of the following EXCEPT

A)asking before touching.
B)believing the survivor.
C)getting help for oneself,whether he or she reaches out to a friend,family member,or counselor.
D)trying not to talk about the rape,even if the survivor is willing.

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sexually coercive men?

A)hostility toward women
B)high levels of sexual activity
C)progressive views on women and their roles
D)acceptance of general physical violence

Question 54

The age of consent of a person in order for a sexual act to be termed statutory rape

A)varies with the age of the offender.
B)is below 13 years.
C)is below 14 years.
D)varies with every state's law.

Question 55

Yudy tries to initiate sexual contact with Jenny in all ways possible in spite of her repeatedly turning him down.He lies to her often and tries to get her to be in his company.On one occasion,he gets her drunk so as to be able to make sexual contact with her.Which of the following is exhibited by Yudy in this scenario?

A)sexual dysfunction
B)postrefusal sexual persistence
C)affirmative consent
D)sexual noncoerciveness

Question 56

Which of the following statements about gang rape is false?

A)It is typically more violent than individually perpetrated rape.
B)It is motivated by power and male bonding.
C)It victims are more likely to suffer traumatic outcomes,such as posttraumatic stress syndrome and suicide attempts,than victims of a single rapist.
D)Its victims receive less negative social reactions from those they tell about their assaults than victims of a single offender.

Question 57

Which one of the following is NOT a date rape drug?

A)ecstasy
B)alcohol
C)ketamine
D)All of these are used as date rape drugs.

Question 58

Which of the following illustrates statutory rape?

A)15-year-old Maya who has sexual contact with her older relative upon consent
B)Kyra who is raped by a group of unknown men on her way back from work
C)35-yeard-old Priya who has sexual contact with her colleague at her workplace
D)Laila who is raped by her friend on their second date at her place

Question 59

After a sexual assault,Nancy is depressed and anxious most of the time.She is very restless and feels that it was her fault because she went jogging through a park.These symptoms are typical of which of the following?

A)Froin's syndrome
B)rape trauma syndrome
C)broken-heart syndrome
D)Turner's syndrome

Question 60

The key factor in determining whether a statutory rape has occurred is

A)the consent of the child or adolescent.
B)whether the two people knew each other before.
C)the nature of the relationship between the people involved.
D)the age of the young victim.

Question 61

Which of the following is true about child sexual abuse?

A)It involves encouraging a child to witness sexual acts.
B)It is limited to an act of penetration alone.
C)It does not qualify sexual touching between children as abuse if there is a significant age gap between them.
D)It is solely attributed to pedophilic disorder.

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a sexual disturbance that may be present in children who have been sexually abused?

A)open masturbation
B)sexual preoccupation
C)exposure of the genitals
D)All of these are potential disturbances.

Question 63

The U.S.Equal Employment Opportunity Commission considers both verbal and physical acts to be sexual harassment.

Question 64

The study of 534 women and 643 men attending a public STI clinic that examined whether the severity of sexual abuse in childhood impacted sexual risk behavior in adulthood found that the more severe childhood sexual abuse is,the more likely

A)the victim will abuse children in the future.
B)the victim will engage in riskier sexual behaviors.
C)the abuser will abuse more children in the future.
D)the abuser is homosexual.

Question 65

Two phases of rape trauma syndrome are the acute phase and the

A)decompensation phase.
B)reorganization phase.
C)stress phase.
D)blame phase.

Question 66

A child abuse prevention (CAP)program directed toward parents includes information on how to

A)use blame as a fear tactic on children to prevent child abuse.
B)talk to abusers and help them reform their ways.
C)identify signs of abuse or abusers through warning signs.
D)physically fight against child abusers.

Question 67

The most frequently reported long-term effect of child sexual abuse is

A)revictimization.
B)depression.
C)a negative self-concept.
D)sleep problems.

Question 68

People who have experienced childhood sexual abuse with penetration were more likely to report all of the following EXCEPT

A)more lifetime sexual partners.
B)a higher likelihood of being homosexual.
C)more STI diagnoses.
D)having engaged in sex trading.

Question 69

Megan's Law calls for schools,day-care centers,and youth groups to

A)be notified about sex offenders in the community.
B)screen prospective employees for past sexual offenses.
C)develop programs for sexual abuse education.
D)have an adult female be present anytime children are attending school or other organized programs.

Question 70

Which of the following does NOT describe an effect a rape has on a person's sexuality?

A)diminished sexual desire
B)fear of sex
C)temporarily refraining from sexual activity
D)a tendency to engage in paraphilic behavior

Question 71

Sexual abuse by biologically related people is referred to as

A)extrafamilial sexual intercourse.
B)incest.
C)acquaintances rape.
D)marital rape.

Question 72

Which of the following is the most common form of child abuse?

A)genital fondling
B)genital flashing
C)verbal abuse
D)penetration

Question 73

Adults who are sexually abused are NOT likely to

A)have self-destructive tendencies.
B)feel negatively toward themselves.
C)be a rape victim or a victim of violence.
D)change his or her sexual orientation because of the abuse.

Question 74

Child sexual abuse that does not meet the criteria for pedophilic disorder refers to

A)adult-child sexual interactions that are not motivated by a sexual desire for children.
B)adult-child sexual interactions that are based on a general sexual attraction toward children.
C)sexual interaction between children of approximately the same age.
D)sexual interaction with young adolescents.

Question 75

Sexual harassment is solely a behavior of abuse of power.

Question 76

Child sexual abuse is normally categorized according to

A)the degree of coercion.
B)the degree of consent from the child.
C)family relationships.
D)the age of the child.

Question 77

Pedophilic disorder is motivated by an adult's

A)desire for power over a child.
B)sexual attraction to a child.
C)overt affection for a child.
D)sadistic tendencies toward children.

Question 78

Child abuse prevention programs teach children all of the following EXCEPT

A)telling them it is their fault if abuse occurs.
B)saying "no" to inappropriate touching.
C)getting away from an assailant or threatening situation.
D)telling a trusted adult of an encounter with a threatening or abusive adult.

Question 79

Which of the following refers to the form of child sexual abuse that is between two biologically unrelated people?

A)intrafamilial child sexual abuse
B)acquaintances rape
C)nonpedophilic abuse
D)extrafamilial child sexual abuse

Question 80

Which of the following is referred to as incest?

A)extrafamilial child sexual abuse
B)acquaintances rape
C)intrafamilial child sexual abuse
D)marital rape