Deck 15: Major Diseases

Question 1

Which procedure can maintain circulation and breathing for a person whose heart has stopped beating until emergency medical help arrives?​ 

A) ​angina pectoris 
B) ​cardiac arrest 
C) ​coronary bypass 
D) ​balloon angioplasty 
E) ​cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Answer 1

E

Question 2

An invasion by cancer cells resulting in the replacement of healthy cells is known as a(n)____. 

A) ​staging 
B) ​infiltration 
C) ​metastasis 
D) ​malignancy 
E) ​layering

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Worldwide,stroke is second only to heart disease as a cause of death.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which treatment for a heart attack requires threading of a narrow tube or catheter through an artery to the heart?​ 

A) ​defibrillation 
B) ​beta-blocking 
C) ​angina pectoris 
D) balloon angioplasty 
E) ​coronary bypass

Question 5

An "in situ" cancer stage means that the cancerous cells have spread to the lymph nodes.

Question 6

About half of all cases of epilepsy have no known cause.

Question 7

For a person who has asthma,pollen may act as a(n)____. 

A) ​suppressant 
B) ​trigger 
C) ​inhalant 
D) ​infectious agent 
E) ​bronchodilator

Question 8

Drugs known as alpha blockers-best known by brand names such as Lipitor,Mevacor,Pravachol,and Zocor-can cut the risk of dying of a heart attack by as much as 40 percent.

Question 9

Waist measurements of 40 inches or more in men and 35 inches or more in women are characteristic of metabolic syndrome.

Question 10

In which part of the body do ulcers develop?​ 

A) ​oral cavity 
B) ​duodenum 
C) ​rectum 
D) ​large intestine 
E) ​urinary bladder

Question 11

High blood pressure can damage the structure of the brain in people as young as 40.

Question 12

Which medical episode applies to loss of consciousness for 10 to 30 seconds,eye or muscle flutterings,and a loss of muscle tone?​ 

A) ​petit-mal seizure 
B) ​hypertension 
C) ​angina pectoris 
D) ​grand-mal seizure 
E) ​arteriosclerosis

Question 13

With type 2 diabetes (called juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes),the body's immune system attacks the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and destroys them.

Question 14

Which part of the heart contracts to pump blood out into the arteries through a set of valves?​ 

A) ​ventricle 
B) ​aorta 
C) ​atrium 
D) ​vena cava 
E) ​capillary

Question 15

The heart is a hollow,muscular organ with two chambers that serve as four pumps.

Question 16

Which type of cancer is the most common?​ 

A) ​sarcoma 
B) ​leukemia 
C) ​lymphoma 
D) ​carcinoma 
E) ​breast

Question 17

Work was piling up on Agnes' desk.As she frantically searched through the mound of papers for the most critical project,she felt a pain in her chest and struggled to breathe.Agnes most likely was having ____. 

A) ​a myocardial infarction 
B) ​angina pectoris 
C) ​a stroke 
D) ​coronary bypass 
E) ​a transient ischemic attack

Question 18

Adam suddenly loses consciousness,falls down,and begins shaking convulsively.He has a suffered a(n)____ seizure. 

A) ​petit-mal 
B) ​idiopathic 
C) ​asthmatic 
D) ​grand-mal 
E) ​congenital

Question 19

Each year smoking causes more than 250,000 deaths from cardiovascular disease-far more than it causes from cancer and lung disease.

Question 20

The myocardium is the cardiac muscle layer of the wall of the heart.

Question 21

High blood pressure is also known as ____. 

A) ​angina 
B) ​hypertension 
C) ​angina pectoris 
D) ​plaque 
E) ​arteriosclerosis

Question 22

Which compounds in the blood are made up of proteins and fat?​ 

A) ​lipoproteins 
B) ​blood glucose 
C) ​carbohydrates 
D) ​triglycerides 
E) ​myocardia

Question 23

Gerald suddenly senses a numbness in his right leg and is having trouble speaking.He likely is experiencing a type of ____. 

A) ​myocardial infarction 
B) ​beta-blocking 
C) ​angina pectoris 
D) ​insulin resistance 
E) ​transient ischemic attack

Question 24

A previous name for metabolic syndrome was ____ syndrome. 

A) ​chemical-balance 
B) ​insulin-resistant 
C) ​automimmune 
D) ​asthmatic 
E) ​prehypertension

Question 25

When cancer cells spread to other parts of the body via the bloodstream or lymphatic system,they are said to have ____. 

A) ​infiltrated 
B) ​incubated 
C) ​metastasized 
D) ​layered 
E) ​embedded

Question 26

Constance's body is capable of producing insulin,but the insulin is misused.Her condition is known as ____. 

A) ​chemical imbalance 
B) ​epilepsy 
C) ​insulin resistance 
D) ​prediabetes 
E) type 1 diabetes

Question 27

Which organ releases insulin to control blood glucose levels?​ 

A) ​pancreas 
B) ​liver 
C) ​kidney 
D) ​colon 
E) ​esophagus

Question 28

Metabolic syndrome is best described as a(n)____ affecting the body's metabolism. 

A) ​disease 
B) ​aneurysm 
C) ​pulmonary thrombosis 
D) ​seizure 
E) ​cluster of disorders

Question 29

The smallest blood vessels,which supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the tissues,are the ____. 

A) ​vena cava 
B) ​arteries 
C) ​veins 
D) ​ventricles 
E) ​capillaries

Question 30

Which risk factor is greatest for type 2 diabetes?​ 

A) ​gender 
B) ​age 
C) ​race 
D) ​heredity 
E) ​excess weight

Question 31

Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of the heart and ____. 

A) ​blood vessels 
B) ​lymphatic system 
C) ​chest cavity 
D) ​respiratory system 
E) ​muscle tissue

Question 32

Which blood component is most responsible for arterial plaque?​ 

A) ​glucose 
B) ​LDL cholesterol 
C) ​triglycerides 
D) ​HDL cholesterol 
E) ​protein

Question 33

The term myocardial infarction describes a(n)____.

A) ​infection of the pericardium 
B) ​heart attack 
C) ​spasm of the heart 
D) ​hardening of the heart 
E) ​build-up of plaque in the coronary arteries

Question 34

Which double-layered tough membrane surrounds the heart?​ 

A) ​vena cava 
B) ​diastole 
C) ​pericardium 
D) ​endocardium 
E) ​systole

Question 35

Americans stand a one in five chance of developing which type of cancer?​ 

A) ​lung 
B) ​stomach 
C) ​skin 
D) ​colon 
E) ​pancreatic

Question 36

Fats that flow through the blood after meals are known as ____. 

A) ​lipoproteins 
B) ​blood glucose 
C) ​clusters 
D) ​triglycerides 
E) ​plaque

Question 37

Which part of the heart receives blood from the veins?​ 

A) ​ventricle 
B) ​aorta 
C) ​atrium 
D) ​vena cava 
E) ​capillary

Question 38

Which heart operation is performed most often?​ 

A) ​balloon angioplasty 
B) ​cardiac arrest 
C) ​cardiac catheterization 
D) ​beta-blocking 
E) ​coronary bypass

Question 39

If left untreated,hypertension can lead to ____. 

A) ​kidney failure 
B) ​sickle-cell anemia 
C) ​insulin resistance 
D) ​obesity 
E) ​stomach cancer

Question 40

Which parameters describe a normal blood pressure reading?​ 

A) ​systolic below 120; diastolic below 80 
B) ​systolic between 120 and 139; diastolic between 80 and 89 
C) ​systolic between 140 and 159; diastolic between 90 and 99 
D) ​systolic above 160; diastolic above 100 
E) ​systolic below 110; diastolic below 60

Question 41

The measurement of cholesterol in the blood is one of the most reliable indicators of the formation of ____________________,the sludgelike substance that builds up on the inner walls of arteries.

Question 42

____________________ is a form of arteriosclerosis in which plaque is deposited on the inner walls of arteries.

Question 43

The main artery of the body,arising from the left ventricle of the heart,is the ____________________.

Question 44

____________________ is the primary form of sugar that body cells use for energy.

Question 45

High levels of ____________________,an amino acid in the blood,have been linked to a greater risk of heart disease and stroke.

Question 46

____________________ mellitus is a disease in which the inadequate production of insulin leads to failure of the body tissues to break down carbohydrates at a normal rate.

Question 47

A person's risk of stroke more than doubles every decade after age ____. 

A) ​25 
B) ​35 
C) ​45 
D) ​55 
E) ​65

Question 48

A(n)____________________ occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked.

Question 49

Which type of cancer forms in the supporting or connective tissues of the body?​ 

A) carcinoma​ 
B) ​sarcoma 
C) ​leukemia 
D) ​lymphoma 
E) ​metastatic

Question 50

Which type(s)of cancer accounts for the most deaths in men and women?​ 

A) colon and rectum cancer​ 
B) ​pancreatic cancer 
C) ​leukemia 
D) ​lung and bronchus cancer 
E) ​melanoma

Question 51

Which types of medications work in the liver to block production of cholesterol?​ 

A) beta blockers​ 
B) ​antihistamines 
C) ​analgesics 
D) ​NSAIDS 
E) ​statins

Question 52

Which infectious agent is linked to stomach cancer?​ 

A) ​Helicobacter pylori 
B) ​human immunodeficiency virus 
C) ​human papillomavirus 
D) ​Streptococcus sanguis 
E) ​Chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 53

A blood glucose level higher than ____ mg/dL is associated with diabetes. 

A) 25​ 
B) ​100 
C) ​50 
D) ​125 
E) ​75

Question 54

A(n)____________________ is either of two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart and into the arteries.

Question 55

The general term for any impairment of blood flow through the blood vessels,often referred to as "hardening of the arteries," is ____________________.

Question 56

The best method to lower your cardiometabolic risk is to ____. 

A) get at least nine hours of sleep per night​ 
B) ​eat/drink more dairy 
C) ​eat more protein 
D) ​take a nap after lunch 
E) ​take a walk after lunch

Question 57

Which term describes a tumor that is lightly abnormal and non-life-threatening?​ 

A) ​mild 
B) benign​ 
C) ​type 1 
D) ​restricted 
E) stage 1

Question 58

Larry learned that his stroke had been caused by a blood clot in an artery in his brain.What caused Larry's stroke?​ 

A) ​cerebral thrombosis 
B) ​aneurysm 
C) ​low blood pressure 
D) ​hypertension 
E) ​plaque

Question 59

Which infectious agent is linked to cervical cancer?​ 

A) Helicobacter pylori​ 
B) ​human immunodeficiency virus 
C) ​human papillomavirus 
D) ​Streptococcus sanguis 
E) ​Chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 60

Both the amount and the intensity of lifetime sun exposure play key roles in determining risk for ____________________,the deadliest type of skin cancer.

Question 61

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
heart muscle

Question 62

Discuss the health concerns linked with metabolic syndrome.Who is at most risk for this condition? Provide examples and touch on the role of sugary soft drinks.

Question 63

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
chest pain

Question 64

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
metabolic

Question 65

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
cancer of the blood system

Question 66

Identify and distinguish between the two types of stroke.

Question 67

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
cause unknown

Question 68

In studies of clinical breast exams,the combination of an exam with ____________________ had the greatest sensitivity for breast cancer-but also the highest rate of false-positives.

Question 69

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
bronchial spasms

Question 70

What is cholesterol,how can it affect your health,and what role do lipoproteins play in managing cholesterol?​

Question 71

Why do health professionals differ over the need for annual mammography exams as a tool to detect breast cancer in women?​

Question 72

____________________ is a disease characterized by constriction of the breathing passages.

Question 73

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
seizure

Question 74

Open sores,often more than an inch wide,that develop in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine,are called ____________________.

Question 75

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
"good cholesterol"

Question 76

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
relaxation between contractions

Question 77

A(n)____________________ is the surgical removal of an entire breast.

Question 78

Categorize and explain the psychological risk factors for heart disease.

Question 79

Contraction of the heart's ventricles is called ____________________.

Question 80

Match the items with the appropriate description.
a.epilepsy
b.biochemical processes
c.high blood pressure
d.leukemia
e.asthma
f.angina
g.idiopathic
h.high density lipoprotein
i.myocardium
j.diastole
hypertension