Deck 14: Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Question 1

Which subunit of the prokaryotic RNA polymerase carries out catalytic synthesis of RNA?

A) alpha
B) omega
C) beta
D) sigma

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What process is important for the initiation of translation?

A) alternative splicing
B) RNA editing
C) 5' capping
D) base modification

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is not an example of a eukaryotic regulatory element?

A) enhancers
B) silencers
C) core promoters
D) cis-acting elements
E) All of the answers are examples.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

A ribozyme is a catalytic protein that assists in the processing of tRNA.

Question 5

A mutation in which of the following would result in a failure of the RNA polymerase to maintain an open complex?

A) TFIIB
B) TFIID
C) TFIIE
D) TFIIH
E) TFIIF

Question 6

What protein allows RNA polymerase II to interact with transcription factors bound to enhancers or silencers?

A) mediator
B) TFIIB
C) TFIID
D) sigma factors

Question 7

What region in eukaryotic genes contains the majority of regulatory elements?

A) 0 to 50
B) −50 to 0
C) −50 to −100
D) −100 to −150

Question 8

Following transcription,the RNA has a complementary sequence to

A) regulatory sequences.
B) termination sequences.
C) the coding strand of DNA.
D) the template strand of DNA.

Question 9

What RNA modification is important for mRNA stability?

A) alternative splicing
B) RNA editing
C) base modification
D) 3' polyA tailing
E) processing

Question 10

What is the name of the transcription start site?

A) promoter
B) terminator
C) regulation sequences
D) transcription factors

Question 11

How many general transcription factors are needed for eukaryotic translation?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6

Question 12

Which of the following forms of RNA encodes the sequence of amino acids for a functional protein?

A) tRNA
B) snRNA
C) mRNA
D) rRNA
E) scRNA

Question 13

In transcription,the closed complex consists of

A) RNA polymerase.
B) transcription factors.
C) double-stranded DNA.
D) single-stranded DNA.

Question 14

A functional eukaryotic protein is typically made up of the information contained within what region of pre-mRNA?

A) exons
B) introns
C) enhancers
D) promoters

Question 15

In prokaryotes,a holoenzyme is formed when what is added to the core enzyme?

A) Start codons
B) b
C) b'
D) σ
E) a

Question 16

RNA polymerase I in eukaryotes produces which type of RNA?

A) snRNA
B) tRNA
C) 5S rRNA
D) 18S rRNA

Question 17

The prokaryotic consensus sequences are 5'TTGACA3' and 5'TATAAT3' at -35 and -10 respectively.Which sequence would be most easily recognized by σ factor?

A) 5'TTGAAA3'
B) 5'TAAATT3'
C) 5'TATATA3'
D) 5'TTCAGA3'

Question 18

Select the components of the eukaryotic preinitiation complex.

A) TFIID
B) DNA
C) TFIIB
D) RNA polymerase II
E) mediator

Question 19

In eukaryotic organisms,the processing of the 45S rRNA into 5.8S,18S,and 28S rRNA occurs where?

A) in the cytoplasm
B) in the nucleolus
C) in the endoplasmic reticulum
D) in the Golgi body
E) throughout the cell

Question 20

Select the eukaryotic regulatory elements.

A) enhancers
B) silencers
C) cis-acting elements
D) Pribnow box

Question 21

What enables the splicing of group I and II introns?

A) spliceosomes
B) ribozymes
C) snRNA
D) poly-A tail

Question 22

Select the statement that is true regarding tRNA processing in E.coli.

A) RNaseP acts as an endonuclease.
B) The recognition sequence of RNaseD is 3'CCA5'.
C) RNaseD acts as an endonuclease.
D) The action of RNaseP produces the correct 3' end of the mature tRNA.

Question 23

The term ribozyme is given to catalytic RNA molecules.

Question 24

Select the stages of transcription.

A) initiation
B) elongation
C) termination
D) translation
E) replication

Question 25

Alternative splicing allows an organism to ________.

A) produce several different proteins from a single gene.
B) produce only one protein from a gene.
C) produce nonfunctional variants of proteins from a gene

Question 26

During translation,the mRNA is read in groups of nucleotides called quadrons.

Question 27

Sigma factor belongs to a general group of proteins called the transcription factors.

Question 28

The Prinbow box contains a CACAAC consensus sequence located in the −100 region of the promoter.

Question 29

The RNA polymerase forms a closed complex during the process of elongation during transcription.

Question 30

The unit of transcription at the molecular level is the gene.

Question 31

Basal transcription in eukaryotes involves the action of only the core promoter.

Question 32

What structural motif is used by sigma factor to bind to DNA?

A) zinc-finger
B) helix-turn-helix
C) leucine zipper
D) homeodomain

Question 33

Most eukaryotic genes are colinear.

A) True
B) False
C) It is unknown at this time.

Question 34

If an organism is missing the U5 snRNP,it will have trouble performing which step of splicing?

A) Binding of snRNPs to the 5' splice site
B) Binding of snRNPs to the branch site
C) Formation of the intron loop
D) Exon degredation

Question 35

In trying to distinguish between the two models of eukaryotic transcriptional termination,you identify a drug that specifically blocks exonuclease activity.When you add it at the appropriate time to an in vitro system that carries out all the stages of eukaryotic transcription,you find that transcription proceeds normally,but transcription doesn't terminate. This experiment provides support for which model of eukaryotic transcriptional termination?

A) Allosteric model
B) Torpedo model
C) Rho-dependent termination
D) Rho-independent termination

Question 36

What do both the rho-dependent and rho-independent mechanisms of termination have in common?

A) terminate transcription immediately after the stop codon
B) a sequence rich with A-U base pairs
C) Both require a helicase to separate the DNA-RNA complex.
D) formation of a stem-loop structure

Question 37

The formation of open complex usually forms in GC-rich regions of DNA due to the decreased number of hydrogen bonds.

Question 38

The process of RNA editing can alter the base sequence of the mRNA following transcription.

Question 39

What is the purpose of phosphorylating the carboxy terminal domain (CTD)of RNA Polymerase II?

A) convert from the initiation to the elongation stage
B) to aid in transcriptional initiation
C) phosphorylate transcription factors
D) allow transcription factors to bind the TATA box

Question 40

What general transcription factor is a helicase?

A) TFIID
B) TFIIH
C) TFIIF
D) TFIIB

Question 41

You are studying transcription in two different unknown systems. Select the experimental questions you could test that would allow you to definitively determine if the system is eukaryotic or prokaryotic.

A) Does transcription in the system require a promoter?
B) Does RNA capping occur?
C) Does RNA splicing occur, and if so is it self-splicing?
D) Does RNA tailing occur?
E) How many RNA polymerases are present?

Question 42

Which modifications are typically found on eukaryotic mRNAs

A) Capping only
B) Addition of poly A only
C) Capping and poly-A addition
D) Eukayotic mRNAs are not modified before translation