Deck 36: Nursing Care of People With Gas Exchange Disorders

Question 1

A person with pulmonary hypertension has an elevated haematocrit level. What should be included in the nurse's discharge instructions?

A)Instructions about anticoagulant therapy
B)Discussion of the need for long-acting corticosteroids
C)Instructions about venesection
D)Instructions about fluid restrictions

Answer 1

Instructions about venesection

Question 2

The nurse is assisting a person with severe COPD with menu items for daily meals while in the hospital. Which of the following items is the most beneficial for this person?

A)Steak with vegetables
B)Baked fish with chips
C)Spaghetti with marinara sauce
D)Vegetarian salad

Answer 2

Steak with vegetables

Question 3

Which of the following would be considered the type of trigger for an asthmatic patient that experiences an exacerbation when in contact with house pets?

A)Psychosocial
B)Emotional stress
C)Physical factors
D)Environmental allergens

Answer 3

Environmental allergens

Question 4

A person has a nasal endotracheal tube. What will this method of airway management result in?

A)Easier removal of secretions
B)Increased discomfort for the person
C)A greater chance of upper respiratory infection
D)Ability of the person to talk

Question 5

A person receiving heparin is found to have an extremely high partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Which of the following should be available to assist this person should bleeding occur?

A)Streptokinase
B)Vitamin K
C)Tissue plasminogen activator
D)Protamine

Question 6

A person with hypoxaemia is not improving despite oxygen therapy. Which of the following is indicated for this person?

A)Neuromuscular blocking agent
B)Narcotic analgesics
C)Tracheostomy
D)Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Question 7

A person is prescribed a medication to reduce the need for inhaled corticosteroids while controlling asthma symptoms. What category of medication is this?

A)Leukotriene receptor antagonist
B)Mast cell stabiliser
C)Anticholinergic
D)Adrenergic stimulant

Question 8

A person is diagnosed with sarcoidosis. What should be included as appropriate teaching for this person? Select all that apply.

A)Avoid anything that irritates the respiratory tract.
B)Limit simple carbohydrates.
C)Quit smoking.
D)Report any onset of shortness of breath.

Question 9

Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action for an extubated patient that presents with respiratory stridor?

A)Prepare for re-intubation.
B)Continue the current treatment because this is normal after extubation.
C)Assess the person for a gag reflex.
D)Increase oxygen flow via a face mask.

Question 10

An intubated person is awake and begins to cry. What is the nurse's best action?

A)Wipe the person's tears and leave the person alone.
B)Give a neuromuscular blocking agent.
C)Turn off the lights so that the person can sleep.
D)Explain to the person that the breathing tube is a temporary measure.

Question 11

The nurse is instructing a person to breathe to help maintain open airways during exhalation. What technique is the nurse teaching the person?

A)Controlled breathing
B)Diaphragmatic breathing
C)Pursed-lip breathing
D)Huff breathing

Question 12

The nurse is providing care to a person with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following interventions would help prevent the onset of an acute illness?

A)Restrict fluid intake.
B)Administer an immunization.
C)Provide prophylactic anti-inflammatory therapy.
D)Monitor white blood cell count.

Question 13

What can be expected of a person who is receiving positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)?

A)Intubation
B)Receiving oxygen via nasal cannula
C)Breathing spontaneously
D)Receiving oxygen via face mask

Question 14

A person is believed to have a pulmonary embolism that was not diagnosed after a lung CT scan. Which of the following is an appropriate diagnostic test for this person?

A)Lung scan
B)Pulmonary angiography
C)Coagulation studies
D)Chest x-ray

Question 15

Which of the following would be the COPD classification of a person that presents with few symptoms and is left breathless on exertion?

A)Minimal
B)Mild
C)Moderate
D)Severe

Question 16

The nurse is positioning a person with atelectasis. Which of the following positions is the most beneficial for this person?

A)Semi-Fowler's
B)Lung with atelectasis lower than the lung without atelectasis
C)Lung without atelectasis lower than the lung with atelectasis
D)Supine

Question 17

A 65-year-old male who continues to smoke tells the nurse that he is fine because he only has chronic bronchitis. The nurse determines that this person is most likely experiencing what condition?

A)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B)Atelectasis
C)Cor pulmonale
D)Emphysema

Question 18

An intubated person is not exhibiting signs of improved oxygenation. What should the nurse do? Select all that apply.

A)Insert an oral airway.
B)Prepare for an emergency tracheotomy.
C)Check the endotracheal tube placement.
D)Assess for the need to suction to clear the airway.

Question 19

A person diagnosed with carbon dioxide retention has a pulse oximetry reading of 80% on room air. A nurse should obtain a doctor's order to do which of the following interventions?

A)Intubate.
B)Administer low-volume oxygen and monitor respirations.
C)Provide an oral airway.
D)Commence high-volume oxygen and monitor respirations.

Question 20

A person is being instructed on the use of a metered-dose inhaler without a spacer for asthma. After firing a puff of the inhaler, how long should the person hold their breath?

A)20 to 30 seconds
B)No need to hold their breath
C)About 4 seconds
D)10 seconds