Deck 2: The Nature of the Beast

Question 1

According to your text, rare to social use of a chemical

A)is clearly inconsistent with the expectations of the person's cultural group.
B)has an inverse relationship with the person's state of health.
C)usually involves a period of intense substance abuse that is not acceptable to the leaders of the social group.
D)involves experimental use at a level that does not exceed social norms.

Answer 1

involves experimental use at a level that does not exceed social norms.

Question 2

Tolerance to a compound is seen when

A)the individual cannot predict in advance how much of that compound will be used.
B)the compound induces a state of well-being when used.
C)the individual is motivated to avoid compounds similar to that usually abused.
D)the individual must use more of a compound to achieve the effects once achieved at a lower dose.

Answer 2

the individual must use more of a compound to achieve the effects once achieved at a lower dose.

Question 3

Much of what we "know" about SUBSTANCE ABUSE DISORDERs is based upon which of the following?

A)complete data sets
B)clinical case studies
C)investigative reporting
D)incomplete data

Answer 3

incomplete data

Question 4

There is one widely accepted, universal definition of the terms problematic use, abuse, and addiction.

Question 5

Paul considers himself a typical drinker.He may occasionally exceed the legal limits, but he doesn't display symptoms of alcoholism.He has never been diagnosed with an alcohol use problem in the past.He could be considered a(n)

A)"at risk" drinker.
B)teetotaler.
C)"normal" drinker.
D)low level alcoholic.

Question 6

Which of the following is one of the diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of a substance use disorder, according to your text?

A)Impaired control over substance use
B)No avoidance of activities not centered on substance use
C)Enhancement of normal functioning
D)Adherence to religious dictates against substance use

Question 7

The abuse of a substance over a specified period of time is known as

A)short-term abuse.
B)activation phase.
C)period prevalence.
D)lifetime prevalence.

Question 8

Tolerance is defined as

A)needing to use more of a drug to achieve the desired effect previously achieved at a lower dose.
B)continued drug abuse by an individual despite significantly negative consequences.
C)the negative physical effects the user experiences when the drug is no longer in their system.
D)when an individual uses a compound that is not medically necessary.

Question 9

Samantha learned that someone had given her LSD without her knowledge.Before the effects of the drug set in, Samantha was scared of how she was going to experience the drug because she had a terrifying experience in the past.Samantha's will have an impact on her physical experience of the drug.

A)social learning
B)reward potential
C)blindness to the drug's effects
D)individual expectations

Question 10

The basic laws of behavioral psychology hold that the main motivating force for humans is the

A)increase in pleasure or decrease in discomfort.
B)pleasure principle.
C)disapproval of fringe social groups.
D)intrusive nature of sensory experiences deemed unacceptable to that person's social group.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is supported by research cited in your text?

A)The term substance abuse has been clearly defined.
B)There is little agreement about how to define use, abuse, and addiction.
C)The limits of normal use have been defined, but abuse and addiction are still ill-defined.
D)The limits of both use and abuse have been clearly defined, but the term addiction is still poorly defined.

Question 12

Current research has been able to identify specific mechanisms for distinguishing between social alcohol users who will go on to develop an alcohol-related problem and those who will not.

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the reasons that people use drugs or alcohol, according to the textbook?

A)To cope with psychological pain
B)To express a forbidden impulse
C)To experience a feeling of euphoria
D)To seek a higher state of spiritual existence

Question 14

Cultural and social influences on an individual's substance use behaviors

A)are hardly relevant to the individual's choice of drugs of abuse.
B)push individuals towards alcohol but not drug abuse.
C)help to shape the individual's decision to engage in substance use.
D)are negative influences on the individual's life goals.

Question 15

The set of symptoms experienced when a user stops or curtails the intake of a substance is called

A)psychological dependence.
B)withdrawal syndrome.
C)loss of control.
D)addiction.

Question 16

The withdrawal syndrome seen when a compound characteristic of physical dependence on that compound.

A)is discontinued is a
B)is discontinued is not a
C)is not used in excess is a
D)is used with decreasing frequency is not a

Question 17

Approximately of all adults will demonstrate at least one sign of an alcohol use disorder (AUD).

A)5-10 %
B)50 %
C)30-45 %
D)25 %

Question 18

Which of the following is the phase used to describe a period where the abuse of a certain compound is infrequent within a society, although more prevalent in certain small subgroups in that society?

A)Decline
B)Expansion
C)Plateau
D)Incubation

Question 19

One factor that is frequently overlooked in the initiation or maintenance of substance use is .

A)availability
B)choice
C)genetics
D)age

Question 20

An alcohol user's position on the continuum of chemical use

A)may rise or fall depending on their current situation.
B)is legally reset when they are admitted to rehabilitation.
C)begins with the onset of the user's first legal problem.
D)can, by design, only move upwards, with periods of reduced drinking merely halting the movement on the scale.

Question 21

Describe the idea of a "drug abuse cycle" with phases analogous to those seen in epidemics of infectious diseases.

Question 22

The person who has a substance abuse disorder will always have that disorder.Which of the following reactions is most appropriate, according to your text?

A)Not true! Once the person stops using the substance the condition is no longer diagnosable.
B)True, but only if the person stops abusing the chemical before the age of 25, when s/he becomes an adult with full neurological capacity.
C)This issue has not been resolved yet.
D)Possibly, although this is only true for alcoholism and not illicit drugs.

Question 23

Describe the term behavioral "addictions." How might these differ from substance abuse or dependence? What have experts achieved in their goal to produce a universal definition of these terms?

Question 24

Discuss some of the similarities between the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10).

Question 25

Humans seem to be the only animals with a propensity towards using mind-altering substances.

Question 26

Discuss some of the influences that may affect the decision to initiate and continue substance abuse.

Question 27

Tammy says drinking alcohol makes her "feel" better, even though many of her close friends see a general deterioration in her ability to take care of various aspects of her life.Her decision to begin and continue to use alcohol is possibly being influenced by

A)social learning.
B)blindness to the chemical's effects.
C)cultural/social influences.
D)alcohol's reward potential.

Question 28

Drugs that have the highest pharmacological reward potential for abuse tend to have a

A)rapid onset of action.
B)slow onset of action.
C)strong social learning component.
D)low probability of being addictive.

Question 29

According to your text, which of the following rationales is NOT associated with substance use or abuse?

A)The person's love relationships at the moment
B)To provide an excuse for the expression of forbidden impulses
C)To allow the person to explore hidden realities (or at least what they interpret as hidden realities)
D)To help the user cope with physical and emotional pain

Question 30

List and describe the five levels or stages of substance use behaviors that progress to addiction issues.