Deck 21: The Twentieth Century: Postwar to Postmodern

Question 1

Francis Bacon's Figure with Meat is a raw and distorted reworking of __________.

A) ​El Greco's The Burial of Count Orgaz 
B) ​Caravaggio's The Conversion of St. Paul 
C) ​Rembrandt's Self Portrait 
D) ​Velázquez's Pope Innocent X 
E) ​van Gogh's Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear

Answer 1

  D

Question 2

__________ is characterized by spontaneous execution,large gestural brushstrokes,abstract or abstracted imagery,and intense color fields,all produced on large,monumental canvases.

A) ​Impressionism 
B) ​Post-Impressionism 
C) Abstract Expressionism​ 
D) ​Fauvism 
E) ​Analytic Cubism

Answer 2

  C

Question 3

Modern architecture encompassed many architectural visions,including those of all but which one of the following architects? 

A) ​Frank Lloyd Wright 
B) ​Le Corbusier 
C) ​Frank Stella 
D) ​Mies van der Rohe 
E) ​Gordon Bunshaft

Answer 3

  C

Question 4

Mark Rothko is renowned for his __________.

A) ​symbolic pictographs 
B) ​large, hard-edged black rectangles 
C) ​large, hazy-edged color field rectangles 
D) ​shaped canvases 
E) ​Pop Art

Question 5

The title of Jennifer Bartlett's composition Spiral: An Ordinary Evening in New Haven is an integral part of the work.This interplay between the verbal and the visual is one of the hallmarks of __________.

A) ​ready-mades 
B) ​Neo-Expressionism 
C) ​installations 
D) ​pattern painting 
E) ​New Image painting

Question 6

Feminist artist Ana Mendieta draped her body in mud for her performance piece Arbol de la Vida.In terms of its visual impact,most viewers who saw it were likely __________ by its extraordinary contrasts of texture.

A) ​sickened 
B) ​shocked 
C) ​amused 
D) ​saddened 
E) ​bored

Question 7

The term __________ was coined in 1951 to describe the process of dripping and splattering paint on huge canvases,a technique associated primarily with __________.

A) ​unconscious painting; Lee Krasner 
B) ​minimalist painting; Georgia O'Keeffe 
C) ​synthetic painting; Alexander Archipenko 
D) ​deconstructivist painting; Piet Mondrian 
E) ​action painting; Jackson Pollock

Question 8

By the 1970s,some architectural historians began to argue that Modernist steel-cage rectangular solids were threatening to __________.

A) ​become the pyramids of the twentieth century 
B) ​nationalize the country's architecture 
C) ​ruin the environment 
D) ​tarnish the country's reputation 
E) ​bury the nation's cities in boredom

Question 9

The Neo-Expressionists of the 1980s revived and embraced the gestural and experimentational methods of the Abstract Expressionists,but they added the dimension of __________ to their work.

A) ​style and form 
B) ​bitter ironies and angst 
C) ​emphatic line 
D) ​pattern and decoration 
E) ​poetry

Question 10

In the 1980s,a group of anonymous women artists banded together to fight injustice against women in the art market.They were known as __________.

A) ​the Painted Ladies 
B) ​the Guerrilla Girls 
C) ​the Feminist Groupies 
D) ​Rebels with a Cause 
E) ​a Small Symphony for Women

Question 11

In Helen Frankenthaler paintings such as _________the canvas and image are now literally one.

A) ​Blue, Orange, Red 
B) ​Green Turbulence 
C) ​Easter Lilies 
D) ​The Bay 
E) ​Tarot

Question 12

Alice Neel is best known for her __________ portraits,a collection of souls handpicked from all strata of society.

A) ​highly abstracted 
B) ​stark, unflinchingly realistic 
C) ​stereotypical 
D) ​minimalist 
E) ​overpowering and repellent

Question 13

In Deconstructivist architectural design,buildings are intended to be seen in __________.

A) ​literary texts 
B) ​the sum of their parts 
C) ​classical elements 
D) ​bits and pieces 
E) ​social mores

Question 14

In his eroticized Two Women's Torsos,we see Willem de Kooning clash of organic shapes with harsh,jagged lines; however,we also see that he is one of the few Abstract Expressionists who never completely surrendered __________ painting.

A) ​figurative 
B) ​minimalist 
C) ​abstract 
D) ​symbolic 
E) ​color field

Question 15

One major tenet of Pop Art is that the work should be so objective,commercialized,and mundane that it eliminates the __________.

A) ​nature of the medium 
B) ​need to find meaning in it 
C) ​personal signature of the artist 
D) ​sense of joy and discovery 
E) ​traditional relationship between form and content

Question 16

Realism is firmly rooted in a long,realistic tradition in the arts,but as a recognized artistic movement of the 1970s,it is also in part a reaction against __________.

A) ​Romanticism 
B) ​Pop Art 
C) ​twentieth-century abstraction and expressionism 
D) ​the Hudson River School 
E) ​academic art

Question 17

In Robert Rauschenberg's combine painting The Bed,he uses a(n)__________ as his canvas.

A) ​sleeping woman 
B) ​quilt and pillow 
C) ​electric blanket 
D) ​floral curtain 
E) ​stuffed ram

Question 18

Jean Tinguely once remarked,"The only stable thing is movement." This reminds us that he was a __________ sculptor.

A) ​figurative 
B) ​Pop Art 
C) ​kinetic 
D) ​mixed media 
E) ​light

Question 19

One major source of inspiration for Jean-Michel Basquiat's art works was __________.

A) ​Buddhism 
B) ​minimalism 
C) ​Dadaism 
D) ​graffiti 
E) ​comic strips

Question 20

British sculptor Henry Moore had a long and prolific career but is primarily renowned today for his __________.

A) ​abstract, biomorphic bronze reclining figures 
B) ​blocky, massive stone figures 
C) ​equestrian sculptures 
D) ​figural assemblages 
E) ​site-specific earthworks

Question 21

Which of the following is not considered Deconstructivist architecture? 

A) ​Frank Gehry's Brooklyn Arena Plan 
B) ​Daniel Libeskind's Extension of the Berlin Museum 
C) ​Rem Koolhaas's Central Library, Seattle 
D) ​Gordon Bunshaft's Lever House 
E) ​Santiago Calatrava's Hemesferic, City of Arts and Sciences

Question 22

Explain why,in Barbara Kruger's Untitled (We Don't Need Another Hero),her medium is all about the message.

Question 23

Following a long tenure in Paris,the art world shifted to New York City after World War II.Discuss two major reasons why this shift took place.

Question 24

Identify five artistic influences that converged in New York City in the twentieth century to produce an artistic melting pot that inspired the Abstract Expressionist movement.

Question 25

Describe the architectural movement known as Postmodernism,and provide two examples.

Question 26

Audrey Flack's World War II (Vanitas)encourages the viewer to meditate on death as the inescapable end to human life or perhaps to consider that life is fleeting and transitory.How do the ordinary objects,such as the butterfly,candle,rose,teacup,fruit,pocket watch,and so on,serve to reinforce her message?

Question 27

Briefly explain why Michael Graves's Humana Building is considered a Postmodernist design.

Question 28

Where and when did Pop art originate; who was one of its first creators; and what artist influenced him?

Question 29

Romare Bearden believed that African American artists should create their own art form.Explain his signature style,found in Prevalence of Ritual: Mysteries,and how his life experiences informed his methods.

Question 30

What now famous art college did Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns attend?

Question 31

What is the subject of the poem "Your Golden Hair,Margarethe," upon which Anselm Keifer based his painting of the same title?

Question 32

Explain how Mark Rothko's depression affected his color field canvases.

Question 33

Explain the origin of the Deconstructivist movement and how its tenets have been translated into Deconstructivist architecture.

Question 34

What was Womanhouse? Describe it and explain why it was important for women artists.

Question 35

Jackson Pollock was in psychoanalysis when he was producing his drip paintings.What influence might this have had on his art?