Deck 24: International Marketing Research

Question 1

Some governments, particularly in advanced countries, do not encourage foreign competition.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The environment prevailing in the countries, cultural units, or international markets that are being researched influences the way the six steps of the marketing research process should be performed.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Telephone interviews are most useful with relatively upscale consumers who are accustomed to business transactions by phone.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Factors such as values, literacy, language, religion, communication patterns, and family and social institutions are considered in the structural environment of international research.

Question 5

Marketing research can contribute significantly to the formulation of successful international marketing strategies.

Question 6

Telephone interviewing is the dominant mode of questionnaire administration in the United States and Canada.

Question 7

African countries are culturally more homogeneous than either the United States or Japan, which have many different kinds of family structures.

Question 8

Three massive markets have developed since the end of the Cold War, some of which will require significant amounts of market research before entrance into that market can occur. The three markets are the Americas, Europe, and China.

Question 9

Conducting international marketing research is much more complex than domestic marketing research.

Question 10

In developing countries, demand typically exceeds supply, and there is little concern about customer satisfaction, especially when the level of competition is low.

Question 11

The marketing research process should be modified so that it does not conflict with the cultural values of a foreign society.

Question 12

Economic development and advances in technology promote the homogenization of consumers' work, leisure, and lifestyles.

Question 13

In the framework for international marketing research, the extent of a country's telephone usage would be an informational and technological environment consideration.

Question 14

In the legal environment of the framework for international marketing research, wholesaler agreements would be covered under laws concerning pricing.

Question 15

It is difficult to solicit information from respondents in tradition-directed, less developed societies because most cannot formulate opinions of their own.

Question 16

Home-country laws may also apply while conducting business or marketing research in foreign countries.

Question 17

The role of marketing in economic development is the same in all countries.

Question 18

In the framework for international marketing research, the efficiency of a country's mail service would be a structural environment consideration.

Question 19

Home-country laws relate to national security, antitrust, worker benefits, and ethical considerations.

Question 20

While some countries have laws regulating marketing activities, some of those countries have only a few laws that are loosely enforced.

Question 21

International calls obtain a high response rate but the results have not been found to be stable.

Question 22

When conducting international marketing research, marketing environment considerations include all of the following except ________.

A)the efficiency of the distribution system
B)the quality of the product
C)the public's attitude toward advertising
D)government control of media

Question 23

When conducting marketing research abroad, researchers must, adopt the ethical guidelines of not only the domestic country but the host country as well.

Question 24

________ China was the first foreign marketing research firm in China.

A)Gallup
B)Nielsen
C)Burke
D)Harris

Question 25

Ethical responsibilities for marketing research conducted abroad are very different to that conducted domestically.

Question 26

In international marketing research, it is critical to establish the equivalence of scales and measures used to obtain data from different countries.

Question 27

Gallup China will face many challenges in China. Which of the statements below is not one of those challenges?

A)rapidly increasing competition
B)consumer awareness and sophistication
C)government regulation
D)the forming of bonds with the Chinese people in order to be able to conduct successful research

Question 28

Construct equivalence is comprised of conceptual equivalence, functional equivalence, and item equivalence.

Question 29

Which is not another term for international marketing research?

A)cultural research
B)cross-cultural research
C)foreign research
D)multinational research

Question 30

When conducting international marketing research, the researcher should consider the differences in all of the following except ________.

A)environments of countries
B)cultural units
C)foreign markets
D)all of the above

Question 31

Mail panels are extensively used in Hong Kong, France, Germany, and the Netherlands.

Question 32

Scalar equivalence, also called metric equivalence, is established if the other types of equivalence have been attained.

Question 33

In the United States and Canada, the use of e-mail and the Internet for conducting surveys is growing with business and international respondents and also with households.

Question 34

Which is a disadvantage when considering marketing products in the EC?

A)The western European market is roughly the size of the North American market.
B)The total size of the European market will increase due to the opening of the eastern bloc area of Europe.
C)There is a significantly lower level of disposable income in the eastern bloc of Europe.
D)EC is perhaps the source of the greatest economic potential in the world.

Question 35

Mail surveys are, typically, more effective in industrial international marketing research.

Question 36

Central location/street interviews constitute the dominate method of collecting survey data in France and the Netherlands.

Question 37

IBM utilized the RONIN, Corporation to conduct international research to capture trend data on mainframe computing. Which of the issues below is not one of the international marketing issues encountered by RONIN while conducting new research?

A)issues as accurate translation
B)receiving consistent results across countries and languages while rapidly turning results around.
C)They must make sure they have been objective throughout all phases of the marketing research process.
D)They must also communicate that results are representative only for specific countries, not for entire regions.

Question 38

The contractual arrangements of in-home personal interviews can vary considerably across countries.

Question 39

In countries such as in eastern Europe that are characterized by shortage economies, it would not make sense to conduct marketing research on ________.

A)the selection and variety of merchandise
B)pricing
C)promotion
D)types of retailers and intermediary institutions available

Question 40

________ China was the first foreign marketing research firm in China.

A)Gallup
B)Nielsen
C)Burke
D)Harris

Question 41

Home country laws relate to national security, antitrust, and ________.

A)worker compensation
B)worker benefits
C)workplace safety
D)ethical considerations

Question 42

A country's stage of economic development determines all of the following about its markets except ________.

A)the size
B)the degree of modernization
C)the standardization
D)all of the above

Question 43

In-home interviews are not dominant in ________.

A)Portugal
B)Canada
C)many Latin American countries
D)Switzerland

Question 44

Which of the following is not one of the behavior and attitude segments defined by Bates Asia?

A)experiencers
B)adapters
C)traditionals
D)achievers

Question 45

The fact that computers, the Internet, and electronic information transfer have yet to make an impact in rural areas is a consideration found in the ________ of the framework for international marketing research.

A)information and technological environment
B)sociocultural environment
C)structural environment
D)government environment

Question 46

Electronic surveys are not very popular in ________.

A)United States
B)Eastern Europe
C)Western Europe
D)Canada

Question 47

Inefficient mail service in many developing countries; difficulty in making personal contact with respondents; and the difficulty of obtaining block statistics and maps are all considerations of the ________ of the framework for international marketing research.

A)information and technological environment
B)sociocultural environment
C)structural environment
D)government environment

Question 48

The use of mail interviews is low in some countries because of ________.

A)illiteracy
B)large rural populations
C)a well-developed postal system
D)both A and B

Question 49

All of the following factors except ________ make international telephone interviewing easier.

A)relatively upscale consumers who are accustomed to business transactions by phone
B)consumers who can be reached by phone and can express themselves easily
C)decline in the costs of international telephone calls
D)in many cultures face-to-face relationships are predominant

Question 50

Conceptual equivalence is a type of ________ equivalence.

A)construct
B)operational
C)scalar
D)linguistic

Question 51

Central location/street interviews constitute the dominant method of collecting survey data in ________.

A)Sweden and the Netherlands
B)France and the Netherlands
C)France and England
D)United States and Canada

Question 52

Mail panels are being gradually replaced by ________ panels in many parts of the world.

A)scanner
B)diary
C)media
D)Internet

Question 53

Laws on pricing deal with all of the following except ________.

A)patents
B)price fixing
C)variable pricing
D)price discrimination

Question 54

Relevant values and attitudes toward time, achievement, work, authority, wealth, scientific method, risk, innovation, change, and the Western world are considered in the ________ of the framework for international marketing research.

A)information and technological environment
B)sociocultural environment
C)structural environment
D)government environment

Question 55

Telephone usage in Europe is much lower than in the United States, and many households do without telephones. This would be a marketing research concern found in the ________ of the framework for international marketing research.

A)information and technological environment
B)sociological environment
C)structural environment
D)government environment

Question 56

Telephone penetration is a serious consideration when doing international marketing research. In Great Britain telephone penetration is only about ________, although cell phone penetration is higher.

A)80%
B)10%
C)40%
D)96%

Question 57

Which of the factors below inhibit high usage of telephone interviewing and CATI?

A)high illiteracy rates
B)telephone directories that are incomplete and outdated
C)multi-country studies can be conducted from a single location
D)Both A and C are correct.

Question 58

Bates Asia claims that ________ of the combined population of all countries surveyed can be assigned to ________ segments.

A)95%; 7
B)90%; 6
C)95%; 5
D)90%; 4

Question 59

From the standpoint of international marketing research, product laws include those dealing with all of the following except ________.

A)quality
B)retail price maintenance
C)warranty
D)packaging

Question 60

Government environment considerations include all of the following except ________.

A)whether special rules and regulations are imposed on foreign multinationals and their marketing practices
B)whether the government may be an important member of the distribution channel
C)whether there are laws related to the elements of the marketing mix
D)all of the above

Question 61

What are the two significant challenges marketing researchers will face as a result of the passage of NAFTA?

Question 62

Define direct translation, back translation, and parallel translation.

Question 63

If, for example, in many countries, the number of brands available in a given product category is limited and, in other countries the dominant brands have become generic labels symbolizing the entire product category, the researcher might have a problem with ________.

A)construct equivalence
B)scalar equivalence
C)operational equivalence
D)linguistic equivalence

Question 64

________ is a type of equivalence that measures how theoretical constructs are operationalized in different countries to measure marketing variables.

A)Construct equivalence
B)Scalar equivalence
C)Operational equivalence
D)Linguistic equivalence

Question 65

The English list of values concepts of ________ and ________ could not be precisely translated into German.

A)"self-respect" ; "sense of belonging"
B)"warm relationships" ; "sense of belonging"
C)"security" ; "warm relationships"
D)"self-respect" ; "warm relationships"

Question 66

________ deals with the question of whether the marketing constructs have the same meaning and significance in different countries.

A)Construct equivalence
B)Scalar equivalence
C)Operational equivalence
D)Linguistic equivalence

Question 67

Which statement pertains to parallel translation?

A)If the translator is not fluent in both languages and not familiar with both cultures, direct translation of certain words and phrases may be erroneous.
B)A committee of translators, each of whom is fluent in at least two of the languages in which the questionnaire will be administered, discusses alternative versions of the questionnaire and makes modifications until consensus is reached.
C)The questionnaire is translated from the base language by a bilingual speaker whose native language is the language into which the questionnaire is being translated.
D)Repeat translations and back translations may be necessary to develop equivalent questionnaires, and this process can be cumbersome and time consuming.

Question 68

________ is a construct equivalence issue that deals specifically with whether a given concept or behavior serves the same role or function in different countries.

A)Conceptual equivalence
B)Item equivalence
C)Functional equivalence
D)Category equivalence

Question 69

________ is a construct equivalence issue that deals specifically with whether the categories in which brands, products, and behavior are grouped the same in different countries.

A)Conceptual equivalence
B)Item equivalence
C)Functional equivalence
D)Category equivalence

Question 70

________ deals with the comparability of responses to particular (sets of)items.

A)Measurement equivalence
B)Item equivalence
C)Functional equivalence
D)Category equivalence

Question 71

Explain why back translation and parallel translation are needed.

Question 72

In order to understand the differences in the environments of countries, cultural units, or foreign markets, the researcher should understand which environments?

Question 73

Which of the statements below is not one of the United Kingdom's Data Protection Act (DPA)guidelines?

A)Personal data will be held only for specified and lawful purposes.
B)Personal data will be accurate and will be kept current.
C)Data users must take appropriate security measures against unauthorized access, alteration, disclosure, destruction, or loss of personal data.
D)All of the above statements are DPA guidelines.

Question 74

Describe/define the four major types of equivalences.

Question 75

Promotional sales are an integral component of marketing effort in the United States. On the other hand, in countries with shortage economies, where the market is dominated by the sellers, consumers view sales with suspicion because they believe that the product being promoted is of poor quality.This situation displays a lack of ________.

A)conceptual equivalence
B)item equivalence
C)functional equivalence
D)category equivalence

Question 76

________ is the equivalence of both spoken and written language forms used in scales and questionnaires.

A)Construct equivalence
B)Scalar equivalence
C)Operational equivalence
D)Linguistic equivalence

Question 77

________ involves a bilingual translator translating the questionnaire directly from a base language to the respondent's language.

A)Direct translation
B)Back translation
C)Parallel translation
D)Indirect translation

Question 78

The demonstration of equivalence of both the unit of measurement and the constant in the equation between the construct and the items measuring the construct is called ________.

A)construct equivalence
B)scalar equivalence
C)operational equivalence
D)linguistic equivalence

Question 79

________ is a translation method in which a committee of translators, each of whom is fluent in at least two languages, discusses alternative versions of a questionnaire and makes modifications until consensus is reached.

A)Direct translation
B)Back translation
C)Parallel translation
D)Indirect translation

Question 80

________ is a translation technique that translates a questionnaire from the base language by a translator whose native language is the one into which the questionnaire is being translated. This version is then retranslated back into the original language by a bilingual whose native language is the base language. Translation errors can then be identified.

A)Direct translation
B)Back translation
C)Parallel translation
D)Indirect translation