Deck 12: The Resurgence of Empire in East Asia

Question 1

The Grand Canal stretched from what city in the south to what city in the west?

A)Beijing to Nanjing
B)Chang'an to Nanjing
C)Hangzhou to Chang'an
D)Nanjing to Chang'an
E)Annam to Dunhuang

Answer 1

Hangzhou to Chang'an

Question 2

The Tang plan to avoid the concentration of land in the hands of the wealthy was called the

A)Hangzhou system.
B)Tang Taizong system.
C)kowtow system.
D)equal-field system.
E)new economic plan.

Answer 2

equal-field system.

Question 3

The success of the Tang dynasty was due to its energetic second ruler,

A)Yang Jian.
B)Song Taizu.
C)Qin Shihuangdi.
D)Confucius.
E)Tang Taizong.

Answer 3

Tang Taizong.

Question 4

In 1024,

A)the Song emperors outlawed the printing of paper money,by anyone.
B)the Song emperors transferred the printing of paper money from government to private control.
C)the Chinese economy collapsed because of inflation caused by the printing of paper money.
D)the Tang emperors established the first modern banking industry.
E)the first paper money,printed under government auspices,appeared.

Question 5

The greatest advance of Sui Yangdi,the second Sui emperor,was

A)a series of reforms that allowed the Sui to survive for another three hundred years.
B)the construction of the Grand Canal.
C)his conversion to Buddhism.
D)his conquest of Vietnam.
E)his formation of a lasting trading network with the Byzantines.

Question 6

Song military difficulties stemmed partly from the fact that nomadic peoples quickly learned Chinese techniques for fashioning

A)steel weapons.
B)iron weapons.
C)leather saddles.
D)gunpowder cannons.
E)steel lances.

Question 7

The Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang was famous for

A)traveling to Constantinople as an envoy of the Sui emperors.
B)his conversion to Nestorian Christianity.
C)traveling to India to collect Buddhist texts.
D)starting a new sect of Buddhism called Chan.
E)his merging of Buddhist and Confucian thought.

Question 8

Dunhuang in western China

A)was the capital of the Tang dynasty.
B)contained an early Buddhist community.
C)served as the capital of the early Song dynasty.
D)was the first area that fell to the advancing Mongols.
E)was the Christian center of China.

Question 9

The Song dynasty was substantially weakened by Song Taizu's decision to

A)invade India.
B)allow scholar-bureaucrats to lead the army.
C)dismantle the Chinese bureaucracy.
D)give his generals almost unlimited authority.
E)turn control of the state over to his brilliant Korean bureaucrats.

Question 10

What alleviated the shortage of copper coins during the Song and Tang periods?

A)sakks
B)letters of credit
C)letters of transit
D)checks
E)bluebirds

Question 11

In 1279,the Song dynasty finally fell to the

A)Mongols.
B)Manchus.
C)Khitan.
D)Uighurs.
E)Japanese.

Question 12

The kowtow was

A)the "south-pointing needle."
B)the most popular school of Buddhism in China.
C)a ritual prostration.
D)the word that neo-Confucian scholars used when discussing physical matter.
E)a fast Chinese ship that played a key role in expanding trade.

Question 13

Foot binding is a powerful example of the

A)technological brilliance of the Song dynasty.
B)influence of Buddhist customs as the religion became popular in China.
C)increasingly patriarchal nature of Chinese society.
D)influence of Japanese traditions on the Chinese.
E)increasing freedom of Chinese women during the Song dynasty.

Question 14

The Sui construction of which of these items would have important economic implications until the twentieth century?

A)Grand Canal
B)Great Wall
C)first printing press
D)modern banking industry
E)Royal Road

Question 15

The most important new crop introduced into China during the Tang and Song periods was

A)cotton.
B)fast-ripening rice.
C)indigo.
D)oranges.
E)barley.

Question 16

During the Tang dynasty,

A)powerful neighbors kept the Chinese from expanding.
B)most of far western China fell to barbarian tribes.
C)Japan was brought under complete Chinese control.
D)Chinese armies pushed into Korea,Manchuria,Tibet,and northern Vietnam.
E)Japanese forces captured northern China.

Question 17

The founder of the Song dynasty was

A)Song Wudi.
B)Huang Chao.
C)Song Taizu.
D)Tang Taizong.
E)Sei Shonagon.

Question 18

During the mid-eighth century,the Tang emperors were forced to invite the Turkish Uighurs to bring an army into China and suppress a rebellion by

A)Zhu Xi.
B)An Lushan.
C)Song Taizu.
D)Huang Chao.
E)Murasaki Shibuku.

Question 19

The Sui dynasty was founded by

A)Yang Jian.
B)Qin Shihuangdi.
C)Tang Taizong.
D)Song Taizu.
E)Xuanzang.

Question 20

During the Tang dynasty,the imperial civil service examinations

A)declined dramatically in importance.
B)were used extensively,filling posts with officials of genuine intellectual ability.
C)were halted and not restarted until the Ming dynasty.
D)were restricted to the wealthier families.
E)were monopolized by the foreign Manchus and used for their advantage.

Question 21

The Silla dynasty in Korea copied China in many ways,but never

A)adopted Confucian thought.
B)converted to Buddhism.
C)formed a tributary relationship with China.
D)established a Confucian examination system.
E)established a bureaucracy based on merit.

Question 22

After the collapse of the Tang,warlords ruled in China until the Song dynasty re-imposed imperial rule.

Question 23

Which of the following refers to a mounted warrior?

A)shogun
B)samurai
C)Shinto
D)Heian
E)Nara

Question 24

The Tang rulers maintained an extensive communication network but were unable to solve the problem of communication over long distances.

Question 25

The cultural development of Heian Japan primarily reflects

A)Vietnam.
B)Korea.
C)India.
D)China.
E)Arabia.

Question 26

Built during the Sui dynasty,the Grand Canal facilitated trade between northern and southern China.

Question 27

The Japanese city of Nara was a copy of the Tang capital of

A)Beijing.
B)Chang'an.
C)Hangzhou.
D)Nanjing.
E)Dunhuang.

Question 28

Japanese Zen Buddhism is known in China as

A)Chan Buddhism.
B)Pure Land Buddhism.
C)Kusha Buddhism.
D)Mani Buddhism.
E)a combination of Christian and Buddhist philosophies.

Question 29

In 1185 the Minamoto clan defeated their rival the Taira clan and

A)restored power in the hands of the emperor.
B)established the Muromachi shogunate.
C)moved the capital to Monamoto.
D)installed their clan leader as shogun.
E)Japan fell under Korean control.

Question 30

What was the title of the military governor who ruled in place of the Japanese emperor?

A)shogun
B)samurai
C)kamakazi
D)Shinto
E)Heian

Question 31

During the Tang dynasty,most of those who served as government officials had powerful relatives who placed them in positions of authority.

Question 32

In regard to their relationship with China,the Viet people

A)revolted against the Tang and won their independence.
B)were not influenced by Chinese thought.
C)gladly accepted the tributary status in order to gain access to Chinese markets.
D)copied Confucianism but never converted to Buddhism.
E)ruled China for over two centuries.

Question 33

The native religion of Japan is

A)Hinduism.
B)Buddhism.
C)Shinto.
D)Daoism.
E)Manichaeism.

Question 34

In the 840s,Tang emperors

A)made Buddhism the favored religion of the central court.
B)officially favored the Manichaeans instead of the Buddhists.
C)converted to Buddhism but didn't force the spread of the religion.
D)ordered the closure of monasteries and the expulsion of Buddhists.
E)converted to Islam.

Question 35

One of the major problems of the Song dynasty was the vast sums of money the bureaucracy spent,and the taxes levied to ease financial pressures.

Question 36

Chinese influence on Japan was most profound during the

A)Kamakura shogunate.
B)Heian period.
C)Nara period.
D)Muromachi shogunate.
E)Tang shogunate.

Question 37

In an effort to win support in China by tying into Chinese traditions,Buddhist missionaries translated the Indian term dharma as

A)wuwei.
B)sui.
C)dao.
D)nalanda.
E)tang.

Question 38

One of the more popular schools of Buddhism in China was

A)Xuanzang Buddhism.
B)Tang Buddhism.
C)Hinayana Buddhism.
D)Theravada Buddhism.
E)Chan Buddhism.

Question 39

In relation to Chinese traditions and influences,Vietnamese women

A)were forced to accept foot binding.
B)played a more prominent role in society and the economy.
C)had far fewer rights than Chinese women.
D)were excluded from the local marketplaces.
E)wrote many more books than their Chinese counterparts did.

Question 40

The Tang rulers organized China into a powerful and productive society during their three-hundred-year rule.

Question 41

Discuss the role of trade in Tang and Song China.Examine the growing market economy.How did trade influence the development of financial instruments?

Question 42

Compare and contrast the Tang and Song bureaucratic brilliance to other societies studied so far.Why was the Chinese system stable for so long?

Question 43

Examine the technological innovations of the Tang and Song periods.How did these innovations change the shape of Chinese history?

Question 44

Examine the evolution of early Japanese society.How were the Japanese influenced by China? In what ways was Japan unique?

Question 45

Despite the political brilliance of the Tang and Song dynasties,they eventually collapsed.What factors explain this collapse? Are there any similarities to the decline and fall of other powerful states covered so far?

Question 46

How is the rise of neo-Confucianism related to the increasing popularity of Buddhism? Can you think of other examples from the course where one philosophy developed in opposition to another?

Question 47

Compare the role that China played in the development of Korea,Vietnam,and Japan to the role played by Greece and Rome in the Mediterranean basin and the role played by Byzantium in eastern Europe and Russia.

Question 48

Along with wealth and productivity,Tang and Song China experienced a loosening of patriarchal social structures.

Question 49

Tang and Song products gained such a reputation that fine porcelain has come to be known generally as chinaware.

Question 50

Examine the rise of the early Korean and Vietnamese societies.How were the Koreans and Vietnamese influenced by China? In what ways were they different?

Question 51

The first paper money printed under government auspices appeared in 1024 in Sichuan province.

Question 52

Describe the growth of Buddhism in China.What effect did the invention of reusable,moveable type have on religion in China?

Question 53

Compare and contrast the Korean,Vietnamese,and Japanese responses to the Chinese.Which society copied the Chinese most completely?

Question 54

Examine the spread of Buddhism into China.How did Buddhist thought influence China? How did China influence Buddhism?

Question 55

Examine Map 12.1,The Sui and Tang dynasties,589-907C.E.Why would the Grand Canal have played such a prominent role in the Chinese economy for over a millennium?

Question 56

Examine Map 12.1,The Sui and Tang dynasties,589-907C.E.Follow the path of economic,religious,and cultural transmission.Does the map suggest why Japan never fell under Chinese military control?

Question 57

Compare the spread of Buddhism into China to the spread of Christianity and Islam discussed in earlier chapters.What are the common themes?

Question 58

During the Tang dynasty,the capital of Chang'an was the world's most populous city.

Question 59

Discuss the role played by Tang Taizong in the rise of the Tang dynasty.What were the foundations of Tang success?

Question 60

Discuss the role of the Sui dynasty in reuniting China.Compare the Sui to the earlier Qin dynasty.How did they influence Chinese history?

Question 61

What is the significance of foot binding?

Question 62

What agricultural developments helped to transform the Chinese economy?

Question 63

Compare the effects of Chinese imperial expansion and cultural influence on Japan and Korea.Which land adopted Chinese ways more thoroughly,and why?

Question 64

What important technological,industrial,and commercial innovations occurred during this period?

Question 65

Examine the picture of a silk scroll on page 216.How does the picture depict the journey of Xuanzang? What influence did his travels have on the rise of Buddhism in China? How did Buddhism shape China? How did China shape Buddhism?

Question 66

Trace the development of Buddhism in China and how it interacted with Daoism and Confucianism.

Question 67

Explain how China's view of itself as the Middle Kingdom shaped foreign relations.

Question 68

Describe the relationship between Vietnam and China during the Tang and Song dynasties.How were the Vietnamese able to win their independence?