Deck 11: Nutrition

Question 1

Which formula below represents a trans fatty acid?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Answer 1

Question 2

Comparing peanut oil and chicken fat,what do you observe?

A)Peanut oil has more saturated fat than chicken fat
B)Chicken fat has more linoleic acid than peanut oil
C)Peanut oil has more monounsaturated fatty acids
D)Chicken fat has more total unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 2

Peanut oil has more monounsaturated fatty acids

Question 3

Which of the following statements is correct?

A)Oils always have low percentages of saturated fat
B)Lard has more saturated fat than butter
C)All dietary fats have some percentage of saturated fats
D)Butter has the smallest amount of polyunsaturated fat

Answer 3

All dietary fats have some percentage of saturated fats

Question 4

Which statement best fits the data presented?

A)Meat has the highest fat and protein content
B)Peanut butter has the highest protein and fat content
C)Cookies have the highest carbohydrate and lowest protein content
D)Milk has the highest water and lowest carbohydrate content

Question 5

Which statement correctly describes starch and cellulose?

A)Starch is a polymer of glucose,cellulose is not
B)Starch and cellulose have identical structures but different properties
C)Starch and cellulose are both made from glucose but have different linkages
D)Starch and cellulose are both easily digested by the body

Question 6

Which statement is false with respect to carbohydrates?

A)They are made up of carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
B)They are made from carbon dioxide and water by the process of photosynthesis
C)They are metabolized in the body to produce energy
D)They are the cause of obesity and should be eliminated from a healthful diet

Question 7

A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharide units react via their OH functional groups.The linkage in a disaccharide is

A)H - to - O - to - H.
B)C - to - O - to - C.
C)C - to - O - to - H.
D)C - to - OH - to - C.

Question 8

Which is a monosaccharide?

A)Cellulose
B)Glucose
C)Glycogen
D)Sucrose

Question 9

You often hear the phrase,"You are what you eat." Which statement is true?

A)The food we eat provides the fundamental material to keep our bodies functioning
B)Eating fats will make you fat because your body cannot digest fats
C)The carbohydrates that you eat will cause your body to retain water,making you look bloated
D)If you eat a lot of protein,your hair and nails will grow faster

Question 10

The major elements in the human body are C,H,O,N,P and

A)Ca,Fe,Mg.
B)Ca,Fe,Na.
C)Ca,K,Zn.
D)Ca,Mg,Na.

Question 11

What is the difference between a fat and an oil?

A)A fat is a triglyceride,an oil is a monoglyceride
B)A fat is solid,while an oil is liquid at room temperature
C)A fat is a lipid,an oil is not
D)A fat is made from fatty acids,an oil is made from oily acids

Question 12

The line-angle drawings of two fatty acids are shown.Which structural feature do they have in common?

A)Carbon-carbon double bonds
B)Carboxylic acid group (COOH)
C)Polyunsaturation
D)They have no features in common

Question 13

A triglyceride is

A)an ester of a fatty acid and three glycerol molecules.
B)an ester of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule.
C)a polymer of fatty acids.
D)a polymer of glycerol.

Question 14

Which is not a polymer of glucose?

A)Cellulose
B)Cholesterol
C)Glycogen
D)Starch

Question 15

What is the percentage composition of the average human body?

A)Water 60 percent;fats 20 percent;carbohydrates and proteins 20 percent
B)Water 50 percent;fats 10 percent;carbohydrates and proteins 20 percent
C)Water 70 percent;fats 10 percent;carbohydrates and proteins 20 percent
D)Water 50 percent;fats 20 percent;carbohydrates 20 percent;and proteins 10 percent

Question 16

From the information given,which statement is false?

A)There are more H atoms than O in the body
B)The greatest percentage of body weight comes from oxygen
C)Carbon is the most important element
D)There are more H atoms than C in the body

Question 17

Which oil has the greatest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids?

A)Corn oil
B)Olive oil
C)Peanut oil
D)Safflower oil

Question 18

When three fatty acid molecules combine with one molecule of glycerol,what forms?

A)One molecule of a triglyceride and one molecule of water
B)One molecule of a triglyceride and three molecules of water
C)Three molecules of triglyceride and one molecule of water
D)Three molecules of triglyceride and three molecules of water

Question 19

Which structure is correct for oleic acid,a monounsaturated fatty acid?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 20

What is meant by malnutrition?

A)More calories than are necessary are consumed on a daily basis
B)Daily caloric consumption is insufficient to meet metabolic needs
C)Sufficient carbohydrate,fats,and proteins are consumed,but diet lacks micronutrients
D)The diet is lacking in proper nutrients,even though caloric intake may be sufficient

Question 21

Valine and lysine are both amino acids.Structurally how could you distinguish between them?

A)Valine has an amino group,lysine does not
B)Lysine has an acid group,valine does not
C)Valine and lysine have different side chains
D)Valine is an essential amino acid,lysine is not

Question 22

Structurally,how are water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins different?

A)Water-soluble vitamins have more atoms than fat-soluble vitamins
B)Water-soluble vitamins contain polar groups,such as OH and fat-soluble do not
C)Water-soluble vitamins always have higher molecular masses than fat-soluble vitamins
D)Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the urine and fat-soluble are not

Question 23

Which of these are considered to be macrominerals?
I.C
II.Ca
III.Cl
IV.Co
V.Cu

A)I and II only
B)II and III only
C)III and IV only
D)IV and V only

Question 24

What factors determine how many calories per day a person needs?
I.health
II.level of activity
III.gender
IV.age
V.body size

A)I and II only
B)II,III,and IV only
C)I,II,and V only
D)I,II,III,IV,and V

Question 25

Which of the following would be classified as trace minerals required by the body for good health?

A)Ca,Na,K
B)Cu,Fe,Zn
C)Cr,I,Se
D)Mg,Fe,P

Question 26

Which ion is correctly matched with its important biological function?

A)I and X
B)II and Z
C)III and Y
D)IV and W

Question 27

Which is the most abundant mineral in the body?

A)Calcium
B)Magnesium
C)Potassium
D)Sodium

Question 28

Which butter substitute has the lowest percentage of monounsaturated fats?

A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of these choices have the same percentage

Question 29

The following warning appears on cans of diet beverages sweetened with aspartame: "Phenylketonurics: Contains phenylalanine." Should you worry about drinking the beverage?

A)No - for the majority of people,aspartame is a safe alternative to sugar
B)Yes - the majority of people lack the enzyme needed to transform phenylalanine into tyrosine
C)No - phenylalanine is an essential amino acid unavailable in any other food
D)Yes - phenylalanine causes mental retardation

Question 30

All of the energy we need to run our bodies comes from the food we eat.Which statement is false concerning this energy consumption?

A)Metabolism reverses the process of photosynthesis and produces energy from glucose
B)More oxygen is required to burn one gram of a fatty acid than to burn one gram of glucose
C)Proteins are not used by the body to provide energy
D)The body converts glucose into carbon dioxide and water in one fast reaction

Question 31

If you were worried about your cholesterol intake,which breakfast should you not eat?

A)Eggs fried in butter with bacon and white toast
B)Pancakes with maple syrup
C)Yogurt,granola,and fruit
D)Cereal with fruit and whole milk

Question 32

How many different tripeptides can be made from a supply of glycine and lysine?

A)2
B)3
C)6
D)8

Question 33

Two amino acids combine to form a dipeptide when the amino group of one reacts with the acid group of the other.Which structure is correct?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 34

All nine essential amino acids can be found in meat.By employing the nutritional principle of complementarity,a vegetarian gets all nine.What is complementarity?

A)Combining foods that complement each other's essential amino acids
B)Taking essential amino acid supplements to complement the diet
C)Complementing a vegetable with a fruit at every meal
D)Having milk to complement every meal

Question 35

Which butter substitute has the highest percentage of trans fats?

A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of these choices have the same percentage

Question 36

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) must be supplied daily in the diet.Why?

A)To keep you from catching cold
B)To keep your bones strong
C)To keep you from getting pellagra
D)To keep you from getting scurvy

Question 37

For good health,which daily intake of minerals is best?

A)1 g Na⁺ and a trace amount of Se
B)10 g Na⁺ and a trace amount of Se
C)1 g of Na⁺ and 1 g of Se
D)10 g of Na⁺ and 1 g of Se

Question 38

Which equation correctly shows the breakdown of glucose by the body?

A)C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ $\rarr$ 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy
B)C₁₂H₂₄O₂ + 17 O₂ $\rarr$ 12 CO₂ + 12 H₂O + energy
C)C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12 O₂ $\rarr$ 12 CO₂ + 11 H₂O + energy
D)6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O $\rarr$ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ + energy

Question 39

Which butter substitute has the highest percentage of polyunsaturated fats?

A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of these choices have the same percentage

Question 40

The fat-soluble vitamins,A,D,E,K,are stored in lipid material.Which statement is true?

A)These vitamins are not as important as the water-soluble ones
B)These vitamins do not have to be taken daily
C)Ingesting excess amounts of these vitamins does no harm
D)These vitamins have to be taken in pill form because they are not usually found in foods

Question 41

What is meant by the statement sat fat is bad?

A)All unsaturated fats are good
B)Ingesting saturated fats can increase the threat of heart disease
C)Obese people eat only saturated fats
D)Fat cells tend to accumulate in the lower part of the body

Question 42

The basal metabolism rate (BMR) is

A)the minimum amount of energy required daily for your body to function.
B)the same value for all people within an age group.
C)dependent on a person's daily caloric intake.
D)usually higher for women because they weigh less than men.

Question 43

What generalization is true from this data?

A)Males require more calories per day than women
B)Older people require more calories per day than younger people
C)There is no relationship between activity level and recommended caloric intake
D)There is no relationship between gender and recommended caloric intake

Question 44

If a body needs approximately 1 Cal/kg of body weight per hour,about how many calories would a 75-kg (165 pounds) man need per day?

A)1650 Cal/day
B)1800 Cal/day
C)3900 Cal/day
D)7500 Cal/day

Question 45

A 20-year-old female weighing 60 kg (132 pounds) has a BMR of 1,440 Cal/day but her daily recommended intake is 2,200 Cal/day.What does this mean?

A)Only 65 percent of the energy derived from her food intake goes to keep her body system going
B)Only 35 percent of the energy derived from her food intake goes to keep her body system going
C)760 Calories are used for her bodily functions
D)She needs to reduce her caloric intake or she will become obese

Question 46

A 120-pound person uses 3 Calories per minute walking at a 20 min/mile pace.Approximately,how many miles would a person have to walk to burn off a scoop of ice cream (175 Calories)?

A)1.5 miles
B)2.0 miles
C)2.5 miles
D)3.0 miles

Question 47

Which activity would a 70-kg person need to do to "burn off" a meal consisting of a hamburger (350 Calories),3 oz of potato chips (1 oz = 108 Calories),and 2 beers (1 "regular" beer = 100 Calories)?

A)Golf for 3 hours
B)Hike for 2 hours
C)Run for 1 hour
D)Swim for 1 hour