Deck 2: The Air We Breathe

Question 1

Which two gases make up more than 95 percent of an inhaled breath?

A)NO₂ and N₂
B)CO₂ and O₂
C)O₂ and N₂
D)N₂ and Ar

Answer 1

O₂ and N₂

Question 2

The EPA limit for CO is 9 ppm.Express this number as a percentage.

A)90 percent
B)9 percent
C)0.09 percent
D)0.0009 percent

Answer 2

0.0009 percent

Question 3

When assessing the risk of an air pollutant,which does not play a role in considering someone's exposure to the pollutant?

A)A person's lung capacity
B)A person's breathing rate
C)The toxicity of the pollutant
D)The concentration in air of the pollutant

Answer 3

The toxicity of the pollutant

Question 4

Which color,as used in the Air Quality Index,warns that the level of a pollutant is hazardous,the most dangerous level?

A)Orange
B)Green
C)Yellow
D)Maroon

Question 5

Of five major gaseous components of air,which is the only one to vary significantly in concentration from place to place and from day to day?

A)Water vapor
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Nitrogen
D)Argon

Question 6

A particular sample of air is 2.5 percent water vapor.Express the concentration of water vapor in parts per million (ppm).

A)0.0000025 ppm
B)0.025 ppm
C)250 ppm
D)25000 ppm

Question 7

Which pollutant are you more likely to encounter in dangerous concentrations indoors rather than outdoors?

A)Nitrogen dioxide
B)Carbon monoxide
C)Ozone
D)Sulfur dioxide

Question 8

What two factors are considered when determining the risk assessment for air pollutants?

A)Exposure and ppm
B)Percentage and ppm
C)Toxicity and percentage
D)Toxicity and exposure

Question 9

Which component of the air is an element?

A)H₂O
B)NO₂
C)O₂
D)CO₂

Question 10

The ________ concentration in the air over the desert differs dramatically from that in the air in the tropical rainforest.

A)N₂
B)O₂
C)CO₂
D)H₂O

Question 11

Ozone is considered an air pollutant in the ________ but is a valuable protective layer in the ________.

A)troposphere;stratosphere
B)stratosphere;mesosphere
C)stratosphere;troposphere
D)mesosphere;stratosphere

Question 12

Air is a(n)

A)element.
B)compound.
C)mixture.
D)pure substance.

Question 13

Which substance is not considered to be an air pollutant?

A)N₂
B)SO₂
C)NO₂
D)O₃

Question 14

Based on its name,which carbon compound contains the fewest carbon atoms?

A)Ethanol
B)Methane
C)Chlorobutane
D)Propyl alcohol

Question 15

In general,which airborne material is not likely to be affected by the filters or indoor air handling equipment?

A)Particulates
B)Pollen
C)Soot
D)Carbon monoxide

Question 16

All of these pollutants can be detected by their odors except

A)CO.
B)O₃.
C)SO_x.
D)NO_x.

Question 17

What is the primary component of an exhaled breath?

A)N₂
B)O₂
C)CO₂
D)H₂O

Question 18

Which component of the air makes up approximately 100 times more of an exhaled breath than of an inhaled breath?

A)Ar
B)O₂
C)O₃
D)CO₂

Question 19

The burning of coal produces sulfur dioxide,SO₂,a pollutant that slowly reacts in air to form SO₃.Sulfur trioxide dissolves into airborne water droplets to form a very corrosive solution of sulfuric acid.Which is a product of burning coal that hastens the transformation of sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide?

A)Carbon dioxide
B)Carbon monoxide
C)Nitrogen dioxide
D)Particles of ash

Question 20

Which pollutant is present in air as particulate matter?

A)Soot
B)Ozone
C)Sulfur dioxide
D)Carbon monoxide

Question 21

Which of the following are examples of technological advances that have reduced air pollution?

A)Paint with reduced VOCs
B)Catalytic converters
C) Burning gasoline in leaf blowers
D)Low sulfur diesel fuels

Question 22

If 500 mL of air contains 2 x 10²² particles (atoms and molecules),how many particles do you inhale in one day if you breathe 15000 L of air?

A)2 x 10²²
B)6 x 10²⁶
C)1.2 x 10²⁷
D)5 x 10²⁴

Question 23

Ozone is a secondary pollutant.A secondary pollutant is

A)not as hazardous as a primary pollutant.
B)not produced directly but as the product of the interaction of two or more pollutants.
C)one that is naturally present in our atmosphere.
D)one that is less hazardous than a primary pollutant.

Question 24

Which of the following would be described as "fine particles?"

A)SOx
B)NOx
C)O₃
D)2.5 μm diameter soot

Question 25

Which is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of nitrogen (N2) with oxygen (O2) to form NO?

A)2 NO → N₂ + O₂
B)N₂ + O₂ → NO
C)N₂ + O₂ → 2 NO
D)NO → N₂ + O₂

Question 26

Which shows the balanced equation for the reaction of nitrogen ( ),as it is normally found in our atmosphere,with oxygen ( ),as it is normally found in our atmosphere,to form nitrogen dioxide?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 27

Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to balance this equation. ___ C₂H₄(g) + ___ O₂(g) → ___ CO₂(g) + ___ H₂O(g)

A)1,1,2,2
B)1,3,2,2
C)2,3,4,2
D)2,2,4,2

Question 28

There are approximately 2 × 10²² molecules and atoms in each breath we take and the concentration of CO in the air is approximately 9 parts per million.Approximately how many CO molecules are in each breath we take?

A)2 × 10¹⁵
B)1.8 × 10¹⁷
C)2 × 10¹⁶
D)2 × 10²⁹

Question 29

Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to yield a balanced equation.

A)1,1,1
B)2,1,1
C)2,1,2
D)1,1,2

Question 30

The chemical formula for nitrogen monoxide is

A)N₂O.
B)NO.
C)NO₂.
D)N₂O₃.

Question 31

The name of the compound formed by combining carbon atoms with oxygen atoms to form is

A)carbon oxide.
B)monocarbon dioxide.
C)carbon dioxide.
D)carbonate.

Question 32

An inversion layer happens when a certain weather pattern traps cooler air near the surface of the earth with a warmer air mass above it.Why is this a problem?

A)Excess precipitation could cause flooding
B)The cold air increases the chance for snowstorms
C)Heatwaves can occur
D)Air pollution concentrates in the inversion layer

Question 33

Which is the balanced chemical equation showing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) decomposing into hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂)?

A)H₂O₂ → H₂ + O₂
B)H₂ + O₂ → H₂O₂
C)2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O₂
D)2 H₂O₂ → 2 H₂ + O₂

Question 34

If we assume that the top of Mt.Everest is the highest land mass on earth,hikers who scale its summit are standing in the

A)mesosphere.
B)stratosphere.
C)troposphere.
D)ozone layer.

Question 35

Catalytic converters reduce the amount of _____ in car exhaust.

A)O₃
B)CO₂
C)CO
D)N₂

Question 36

Green chemistry is

A)the study of how to improve the production of oxygen via photosynthesis.
B)any chemistry having an agricultural base.
C)the cause of the higher temperatures and humidity typically found in greenhouses.
D)the design of products and processes that reduce hazardous substances.

Question 37

The lowest (or closest to the ground) layer of our atmosphere is the

A)troposphere.
B)ozone layer.
C)stratosphere.
D)mesosphere.

Question 38

Balance this equation P₄ + Cl₂ → PCl₅ with the smallest whole number coefficients.Choose the answer that is the sum of the coefficients.(Do not forget coefficients of "one.")

A)7
B)9
C)11
D)13
E)15

Question 39

P₂O₅ is the chemical formula for

A)pentoxygen diphosphide.
B)diphosphorus pentoxide.
C)dioxygen pentaphosphide.
D)monophosphorus pentoxide.

Question 40

Which correctly pairs an indoor pollutant with its source?

A)Formaldehyde and unvented space heaters
B)O₃ and electrical arcing
C)Radon and glues and solvents
D)Nicotine and paint and paint thinners

Question 41

What is the chemical formula for carbon disulfide?

A)CH₄
B)CS₂
C)C₂H₆
D)H₂SO₄

Question 42

Which chemical components are given off in car exhaust?

A)CO₂
B)H₂O
C)NO_x
D)All of these choices are correct

Question 43

Currently,the primary source of sulfur dioxide emissions into the atmosphere is

A)coal burning power plants.
B)diesel trucks.
C)plastic manufacturing.
D)gasoline-powered lawnmowers.

Question 44

Even though the concentration of air pollution has gone down over time,people in some metropolitan areas still breath are that contains unhealthy levels of pollutants.

Question 45

In metropolitan areas,the concentration of ozone in the atmosphere drops at night.Why?

A)Wind blows away the ozone at night
B)Energy usage goes down at night
C)There are less cars on the road at night
D)The formation of ozone requires sunlight

Question 46

Which is the correct balanced equation for the complete combustion of ethane in excess oxygen?

A)CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O
B)2 CH₄ + 3 O₂ → 2 CO + 4 H₂O
C)2C₂H₆ + 7 O₂ → 4 CO₂ + 6 H₂O
D)2 C₂H₆ + 5 O₂ → 4 CO + 6 H₂O

Question 47

Which air pollutant is the second-leading cause of lung cancer worldwide,behind tobacco smoke?

A)Radon
B)Ozone
C)Carbon monoxide
D)Nitrogen oxides

Question 48

What is the greatest source of indoor air pollution in developing countries?

A)Unvented space heaters
B)Cookstoves
C)Automobiles
D)Paint

Question 49

The more toxic the pollutant,the higher the concentration is set when concerning air quality standards.

Question 50

How many carbon atoms does the molecule octane have?

A)0
B)2
C)4
D)8