Deck 4: Ethics and Information Security

Question 1

Which one of the following represents the evolution of database models (oldest model first)?

A) Hierarchical, Relational, Network
B) Hierarchical, Network, Relational
C) Relational, Network, Hierarchical
D) Network, Relational, Hierarchical

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following database structures offers a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships?

A) Hierarchical database
B) Network database
C) Relational database model
D) All of these choices are correct.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Most professionals consider a collection of data to constitute a database must have the following properties:

A) Data Integrity
B) Data Quality
C) Data Shared Access
D) All of these choices are correct.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In the relational database model, what is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored?

A) Entity
B) Entity class
C) Attribute
D) Attribute class

Question 5

A type of database that stores data in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables is:

A) Relational
B) Hierarchical
C) Network
D) None of these choices are correct.

Question 6

What is a foreign key?

A) A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
B) A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
C) Characteristics or properties of an entity class
D) A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given attribute in a table

Question 7

What is a primary key?

A) A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
B) A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
C) Characteristics or properties of an entity class
D) A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given attribute in a table

Question 8

In the relational database model, what is a collection of similar entities?

A) Entity
B) Entity class
C) Attribute
D) Attribute class

Question 9

Which of the following can a database maintain information on?

A) Inventory
B) Transactions
C) Employees
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 10

Why do relational databases use primary keys and foreign keys?

A) To create a database
B) To create physical relationships
C) To create logical relationships
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

The objects that are represented in the database and the relationships among them are well described by:

A) Database
B) Business Intelligence
C) Schema
D) DBMS

Question 12

Which one of the following is the most prevalent form of database structure used in business?

A) Relational
B) Hierarchical
C) Network
D) None of the choices are correct.

Question 13

In the relational database model, what are characteristics or properties of an entity class?

A) Entity
B) Entity class
C) Attribute
D) Attribute class

Question 14

Which one of the following is not a data (or database) model?

A) Hierarchical
B) Network
C) Relational
D) DBMS

Question 15

Which one of the following provides a company the best competitive advantage in the global market place?

A) Location
B) Transportation
C) Information
D) Quality

Question 16

The computer program used to manage and query a database is known as a:

A) Database
B) Business Intelligence
C) Schema
D) Database Management System

Question 17

Which of the following database structures stores information in a tree like structure that allows repeating information using parent/child relationships, in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships?

A) Hierarchical database
B) Network database
C) Relational database
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

What are characteristics or properties of an entity class called?

A) Attributes
B) Fields
C) Columns
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

All of the following are advantages of database-stored information, except:

A) Increased flexibility
B) Increased performance
C) Increased information redundancy
D) Increased information integrity

Question 20

In which one of the following data models, the data are organized into a treelike structure that allows repeating data using parent/child relationships?

A) Hierarchical
B) Network
C) Relational
D) DBMS

Question 21

All of the following are relational integrity constraints, except

A) System will not allow an entry for an order for a non-existent customer
B) System will not allow returns of fresh produce after 15 days past delivery
C) System will not allow shipping a product to a customer who does not have a valid address
D) Systems will not allow shipping of a non-existent product to a customer

Question 22

Which of the following is true in regards to the elimination of redundant information?

A) Uses additional hard disk space
B) Makes performing information updates harder
C) Improves information quality
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 23

Operational systems are designed to perform:

A) Business analysis
B) Decision support
C) Decision latency
D) Transaction processing

Question 24

What refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands?

A) Scalability
B) Performance
C) Redundancy
D) Information integrity

Question 25

What are the rules that help ensure the quality of information?

A) Information integrity
B) Integrity constraints
C) Relational integrity constraints
D) Business-critical integrity constraints

Question 26

What directly accesses a database?

A) Accounting system users
B) DBMS
C) Finance system users
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 27

What type of integrity constraint does not allow someone to create an order for a non-existent customer?

A) Relational integrity constraint
B) Business-critical integrity constraint
C) Information-critical integrity constraint
D) None of these choices are correct.

Question 28

What is the physical view of information?

A) Deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
B) Deals with the logical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
C) Focuses on how users logically access information to meet their particular business needs
D) Focuses on how users physically access information to meet their particular business needs

Question 29

What is information redundancy?

A) Duplication of information
B) Storing the same information in multiple places
C) Storing duplicate information in multiple places
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 30

Which of the following assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes?

A) Classification
B) Estimation
C) Affinity grouping
D) Clustering

Question 31

Which of the following is incorrect in reference to a database?

A) Can be relational or network
B) Information is accessed by logical structure
C) Information is accessed by physical structure
D) Users can access different views of information

Question 32

Which of the following measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction?

A) Scalability
B) Performance
C) Redundancy
D) Information integrity

Question 33

Data mining approaches decision making with these different activities in mind:

A) Classification
B) Estimation
C) Affinity grouping
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 34

Which of the following uses a DBMS to interact with a database?

A) Users of accounting programs
B) Users of human resource programs
C) Users of marketing programs
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 35

What is the primary problem with redundant information?

A) It is difficult to determine which values are the most current
B) It is often inconsistent
C) It is difficult to determine which values are the most accurate
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 36

Data warehousing is about extending the transformation of ____ into analytical information.

A) transactional data
B) corporate data
C) employee data
D) None of these choices are correct.

Question 37

What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?

A) Information integrity
B) Integrity constraint
C) Business-critical integrity constraint
D) Relational integrity constraint

Question 38

Which of the following is a valid type of integrity constraint?

A) Performance integrity constraint
B) Scalability integrity constraint
C) Physical integrity constraint
D) Business-critical integrity constraint

Question 39

Which of the following is correct in reference to a database?

A) A database can support only one logical view
B) A database can support many physical views
C) A database can support many logical views
D) A database can support up to 3 logical views

Question 40

A key idea within data warehousing is to take data from ________ and place them in a common location that uses a common querying tool.

A) single platform/single technology
B) single platform/multiple technologies
C) multiple platforms/single technology
D) multiple platforms/multiple technologies

Question 41

Market basket analysis is a kind of:

A) Cluster Analysis
B) Association Detection Analysis
C) Statistical Analysis
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 42

What is a forward integration?

A) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to the application generation component
B) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes
C) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes
D) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to the DBMS

Question 43

When does information cleansing occur in the data warehouse?

A) During the ETL process
B) On the information, once it is in the data warehouse
C) During the ETL process and once it is in the data warehouse
D) During the ETL process and before it is in the data warehouse

Question 44

_____ is the primary tool used to uncover BI in vast amounts of analytical information stored in data warehouse.

A) Data mining
B) Data warehouse
C) Data cleanser
D) Data guard

Question 45

What is data mining?

A) The common term for the representation of multidimensional information
B) A particular attribute of information
C) Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information and infer rules from them that predict future behaviour and guide decision making
D) Process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone

Question 46

Which of the following is a data mining approach for decision making?

A) Classification
B) Estimation
C) Affinity grouping
D) All of the above

Question 47

Which of the following describes ETL?

A) A process that extracts information from internal and external databases
B) A process that transforms information using a common set of enterprise definitions
C) A process that loads information into a data warehouse
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 48

What is an integration?

A) Allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other
B) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to the database
C) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to other processes
D) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to the DBMS

Question 49

Which of the following determines values for an unknown continuous variable behaviour?

A) Classification
B) Estimation
C) Affinity grouping
D) Clustering

Question 50

What is a backward integration?

A) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to the application generation component
B) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes
C) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes
D) Takes information entered into a given system and sends it to the DBMS

Question 51

Which of the following occurs during data (or information) cleansing?

A) Clean missing records
B) Clean redundant records
C) Clean inaccurate data
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 52

All of the following belong to the process of information cleansing except:

A) making sure that data is consistent
B) making sure that data is accurate
C) making sure that data is complete
D) making sure that data is accessible

Question 53

Which of the following performs such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations, and variance analysis, to name just a few?

A) Cluster Analysis
B) Association Detection
C) Statistical Analysis
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 54

Which of the following determines which things go together?

A) Classification
B) Estimation
C) Affinity grouping
D) Clustering

Question 55

A data warehouse is a _________ collection of information-gathered from many different ___________ databases-that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.

A) physical; transactional
B) physical; operational
C) logical; transactional
D) logical; operational

Question 56

Which of the following segments a heterogeneous population of records into a number of more homogeneous subgroups?

A) Classification
B) Estimation
C) Affinity grouping
D) Clustering

Question 57

Segment customers based on postal codes is a kind of:

A) Cluster Analysis
B) Association Detection
C) Statistical Analysis
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 58

All of the following are reasons why operational systems are not appropriate for business analysis, except:

A) Does not include information from other operational applications
B) Operational systems are integrated
C) Operational information is mainly current
D) Operational information frequently has quality issues

Question 59

Which of the following statements is true?

A) The more complete an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs
B) The more accurate an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs
C) The less accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs
D) The more complete and accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs

Question 60

Bill Inmon, known as the "Father of Data Warehousing" described a data warehouse as a collection of data that is:

A) subject-oriented
B) integrated and time-variant
C) non-volatile
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 61

A key idea within data warehousing is to take data from multiple platforms/technologies and place them in a common location that uses a common querying tool.

Question 62

Having a data-driven website enables the site to grow faster than would be possible with a static site.

Question 63

Which of the following is a form of statistical analysis?

A) Forecasting
B) Market basket analysis
C) Cluster analysis
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 64

Which company uses statistical analysis to automatically detect potential issues, provide quick and easy access to reports, and perform multi-dimensional analysis on all warranty information?

A) Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railroad
B) BostonCoach
C) Verizon Communications
D) Whirlpool

Question 65

What are forecasts?

A) Predictions made on the basis of time series information
B) Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency
C) Reveals the degree to which variables are related
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 66

Scalability allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other.

Question 67

The central concept of a database is that of a collection of records.

Question 68

Data mining can begin at a summary information level and progress through increasing levels of detail.

Question 69

The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to aggregate transactional data into analytical information throughout an organization into multiple repositories in such a way that employees can make decisions and undertake business analysis activities.

Question 70

What is a technique used to divide an information set into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible?

A) Association detection
B) Market basket analysis
C) Cluster analysis
D) Intelligent agent

Question 71

Which of the following represents market basket analysis?

A) Analyzes website information
B) Analyzes checkout scanner information
C) Detects customers' buying behaviour
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 72

An address containing Charlottetown, PEI, without a postal code is an example of incomplete information that is accurate.

Question 73

A data warehouse aggregates transactional data into analytical information throughout an organization into a single repository.

Question 74

What is time series information?

A) Analyzes checkout scanner information
B) Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency
C) Reveals the degree to which variables are related
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 75

Forecasting is a common form of __________.

A) cluster analysis
B) association detection
C) statistical analysis
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 76

The data warehouse is a location for all of a business's information.

Question 77

What reveals the degree to which variables are related and the nature and frequency of these relationships in the information?

A) Association detection
B) Market basket analysis
C) Cluster analysis
D) Intelligent agent

Question 78

A competent programmer given the task of maintaining many pages will overlook things and make mistakes.

Question 79

Data-mining tools apply algorithms to information sets to uncover inherent trends and patterns in the information, which analysts use to develop new business strategies.

Question 80

A birth date of 31/02/1991 is an example of ______ but _______ information.

A) complete; inaccurate
B) accurate; incomplete
C) incomplete; accurate
D) complete; accurate