Deck 5: Theories and Therapies

Question 1

Humanistic theories are important to health care because these theories serve as the foundation for the concept of:

A)Assertiveness training
B)Behaviorism
C)Holistic care
D)Behavior modification

Answer 1

Holistic care

Question 2

During a therapy session,a client is asked to respond to a word with the first word or phrase that comes to mind.What term is commonly used to refer to this technique?

A)Transference relationship
B)Dream analysis
C)Free association
D)Psychoanalysis

Answer 2

Free association

Question 3

According to the theorist Erik Erikson,an individual strives to actualize his identity,is most productive,and demonstrates guidance of and concern for others with a core task of caring during which stage of psychosocial development?

A)Young adulthood (18 to 25 years)
B)Maturity (65 years to death)
C)Middle adulthood (25 to 65 years)
D)Puberty (12 to 18 years)

Answer 3

Middle adulthood (25 to 65 years)

Question 4

A male client who has a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)is seen in the emergency department with complaints of chest pain,shortness of breath,and inability to concentrate,along with feelings of overwhelming anxiety.The nurse uses Maslow's theory to triage the client's complaints,knowing that which complaint must be addressed first?

A)Inability to concentrate
B)Shortness of breath
C)Overwhelming anxiety
D)Chest pain

Question 5

Following an argument with his daughter,a father takes away her phone privileges.He later feels guilty about the argument and asks her if she would like to go shopping for new clothes.What is this defense mechanism known as?

A)Compensation
B)Displacement
C)Rationalization
D)Restitution

Question 6

Carl Jung was the founder of analytical psychotherapy;he differed from Freud in that he believed that the mind was divided into three levels: the conscious ego,the personal unconscious,and the:

A)Extroverted personality
B)Introverted personality
C)Psyche
D)Collective unconscious

Question 7

How many stages of the human life cycle did Erik Erikson identify?

A)Two
B)Four
C)Six
D)Eight

Question 8

A 4-year-old client in a pediatric unit is imitating the actions of the nurse.The nurse knows,according to Erik Erikson's theory,that this child is displaying a characteristic seen during which developmental stage?

A)Genital-locomotor
B)Latency
C)Oral-sensory
D)Anal-muscular

Question 9

According to Freud's theory,a baby who is crying in response to wanting to be held by his mother is an example of which part of the personality's control over behavior?

A)Id
B)Ego
C)Superego
D)Self-control

Question 10

A client does not participate in group sessions due to feeling inferior to others in the group.Based on cognitive theory,he would be directed to:

A)Review his previous relationship with his parents
B)Participate in group to receive extra privileges
C)Suppress negative thoughts about the group
D)Recognize and change his negative thoughts

Question 11

During a conversation with a male client,he voices that he really appreciates his family,likes his job,and enjoys groups in which he volunteers.According to Maslow's theory,what is this client experiencing?

A)Symbolization
B)Self-actualization
C)Equilibrium
D)Identification

Question 12

The nurse who feels the most beneficial part of the client's inpatient stay is the establishment of an interpersonal relationship with the nurse is an example of which nursing theorist?

A)Orem
B)Watson
C)Peplau
D)Roy

Question 13

The nurse knows that the major concept of the systems theory is that individuals are viewed as functioning:

A)Within a set of interacting and related units
B)According to activities of attention,language,and imagery
C)According to unmet needs
D)Within accepted social aspects of behavior

Question 14

Betty Neuman developed the nursing theory that promotes nursing interventions to assist individuals in reaching and maintaining the highest level of wellness possible.What is this theory known as?

A)Adaptation model
B)Interpersonal model
C)Systems model
D)Self-care deficit model

Question 15

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development identifies an interrelationship between the __________ and the __________ functions in the development of one's personality.

A)Id,ego
B)Intellectual,emotional
C)Anxiety,affective
D)Personified,cognitive

Question 16

A client is granted permission to watch a favorite television show in the evening because she participated in an occupational therapy activity.Her therapist bases this on ______ theory.

A)Psychoanalytic
B)Humanistic
C)Behavioral
D)Developmental

Question 17

During group therapy,certain group change mechanisms may be observed.When an individual engages in helping others,resulting in improvement in his or her own self-esteem,which group change mechanism has the individual experienced?

A)Altruism
B)Feedback
C)Expressiveness
D)Communion

Question 18

Group therapy,which assists in relieving emotional distress and encourages psychological and behavioral changes,was developed following World War II as a result of a:

A)Study of the benefits of group therapy
B)Decreasing number of mental health facilities
C)Shortage of psychiatrists
D)Grant from the federal government

Question 19

Which of the following assessment parameters is a priority in a biobehavioral model of practice?

A)Blood chemistry
B)Physiologic needs
C)Coping mechanisms
D)Psychosocial level

Question 20

A female client with low self-esteem tries to dress and act like the nurse who cares for her in an outpatient clinic setting.This behavior is an example of which defense mechanism?

A)Identification
B)Symbolization
C)Displacement
D)Projection

Question 21

Freud's psychoanalytical theory states that an adult is more likely to be mentally healthy if there is a balance between which parts of the mind? (Select all that apply).

A)Id
B)Ego
C)Superego
D)Conscience

Question 22

Good problem-solving is necessary for the mentally healthy individual.Place the steps of the problem-solving process in order.(Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A,B,C,D,E,F,G)

A)Examine all possible options
B)Examine outcomes of the option's application
C)State the problem
D)Evaluate and revise actions based on outcomes
E)Collect information about the problem
F)Choose the best option,and apply it to the problem
G)Identify the causes or patterns of the problem

Question 23

Psychobiology theory considers the causes of mental illness to be which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)Genetics
B)Neurotransmitter activity
C)Immune system dysfunction
D)Social setting
E)Unmet needs

Question 24

Freud believed that an individual's personality developed through stages of sexual instinct from birth to adulthood.This is known as the __________ theory of personality development.

Question 25

Dr.Sigmund Freud believed that a person's unconscious thoughts and emotions affect his or her behavior.The now well-known therapy that he developed to explore an individual's unconscious thoughts is referred to as ____________.