Deck 1: Information Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing

Question 1

Which federal regulatory agency decides which drugs require a prescription and which drugs may be sold over-the-counter (OTC)?

A)FDA
B)OSHA
C)FTC
D)DEA

Answer 1

FDA

Question 2

Schedule III controlled substances may be telephoned to the pharmacist and may be refilled no more than five times in 6 months.

A)Both parts of the statement are true.
B)Both parts of the statement are false.
C)The first part of the statement is true;the second part is false.
D)The first part of the statement is false;the second part is true.

Answer 2

Both parts of the statement are true.

Question 3

Which of the following is determined during a phase 3 clinical evaluation of a new drug?

A)Effectiveness
B)Safety and efficacy
C)Dosage
D)Both A and B
E)Both B and C

Answer 3

Both B and C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true regarding planning appointments?

A)Whether or not patients are taking medication for systemic diseases is of little consequence in the dental office.
B)Asthmatic patients should have dental appointments in the morning.
C)Diabetic patients usually have fewer problems with a morning appointment compared with afternoon appointments.
D)Both B and C are true.

Question 5

An investigational new drug application (INDA)is submitted _____ trials.

A)before preclinical trials
B)before phase 1 clinical trials
C)after phase 2 clinical trials
D)before phase 3 clinical trials

Question 6

Two drugs that are found to be chemically equivalent,but not biologically equivalent or therapeutically equivalent are said to differ in

A)potency.
B)efficacy.
C)bioavailability.
D)therapeutic index.

Question 7

How many years must pass after a drug patent expires before other drug companies can market the same compound as a generic drug?

A)20 years
B)17 years
C)7 years
D)0 years

Question 8

Which type of drug name usually begins with a lowercase letter?

A)Brand name
B)Code name
C)Generic name
D)Trade name

Question 9

Phase 1 clinical trials involve all of the following except which one?

A)Safe dose range
B)Toxic effects of the drug
C)Metabolism
D)Effectiveness

Question 10

Nutritional or herbal supplements

A)carry the U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA)approval for disease states.
B)are not drugs.
C)can cause adverse effects.
D)will not interact with other drugs the patient may be taking.

Question 11

A drug's generic name is selected by the

A)pharmaceutical company manufacturing it.
B)Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
C)U.S.Adopted Name Council.
D)Federal Patent Office.

Question 12

Which federal regulatory body regulates the trade practices of drug companies and prohibits false advertising of foods,nonprescription drugs,and cosmetics?

A)FDA
B)FTC
C)DEA
D)OBRA

Question 13

Which of the following is true concerning generic and trade names of drugs?

A)A drug may only have one generic name and one trade name.
B)A drug may only have one generic name,but it may have several trade names.
C)A drug may have several generic names,but it may only have one trade name.
D)A drug may have several generic names and several trade names.

Question 14

Two drug formulations that produce similar concentrations in the blood and tissues after drug administration are termed _____ equivalent.

A)chemically
B)biologically
C)therapeutically

Question 15

An "orphan drug" is

A)not related to any other medication currently available.
B)developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition.
C)a drug that has been on the market for longer than 20 years and generic substitution is permitted.
D)no longer available for use as newer,more effective medications are available.

Question 16

Which of the following is a schedule II controlled substance?

A)Heroin
B)Propranolol
C)Amphetamine
D)Dextropropoxyphene (Darvon)

Question 17

Knowledge of pharmacology aids the dental professional in

A)obtaining a patient's health history.
B)administering drugs in the office.
C)handling emergency situations.
D)selection of a nonprescription medication.
E)All of the above

Question 18

The federal body that determines whether a drug is considered a controlled substance and to which schedule it belongs is the

A)Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
B)Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
C)Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
D)U.S.Pharmacopeia (USP).

Question 19

What is the purpose of a "black box warning" on a package insert?

A)It is used to reconstruct the events leading to a fatality resulting from a medication error.
B)It is issued by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)to indicate medications that may be used to manufacture illicit drugs such as methamphetamine.
C)It is used to draw attention to potentially fatal,life threatening,or disabling adverse effects for different medications.
D)It means that the effects of the drug have not yet been determined.

Question 20

Controlled substances in schedule _____ require a written prescription with the provider's signature and do not permit refills.

A)II,III,and IV
B)II and III
C)III and IV
D)II only
E)III only

Question 21

Which drug legislation act was instrumental for the growth of electronic prescribing?

A)Controlled Substance Act
B)Medicare Modernization Act
C)Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act
D)Harrison Narcotic Act

Question 22

Clinical studies of drugs first involve human volunteers during which phase of drug testing?

A)Phase 1
B)Phase 2
C)Phase 3
D)Phase 4

Question 23

Which of the following is located in the body of the prescription?

A)The date of the prescription
B)The amount of the drug to be dispensed
C)Directions to the prescriber
D)Refill instructions

Question 24

Where is the information regarding the prescriber DEA number commonly found on the prescription?

A)Superscription
B)Heading
C)Body
D)Closing

Question 25

Each is an advantage of electronic and fax prescribing except one.Which is the exception?

A)It reduces the likelihood of errors in reading handwritten prescriptions.
B)It reduces the patient's ability to tamper with a prescription.
C)There is no record of the prescription in the patient's record.
D)Prescriptions can be faxed to the pharmacy.

Question 26

Which of the following are true of an off-label use of a drug? (Select all that apply. )

A)Prescribers are allowed to use drugs for off-label use under certain circumstances.
B)The FDA approves the use of drugs for specific indications,which are listed or labeled on the package insert of the drug.
C)Drug manufacturers have much useful information regarding off-label uses of their drugs on their websites.
D)Off-label use of drugs is not permitted in the United States.
E)Off-label drugs are repackaged for sale by clandestine organizations outside the United States and are illegal to transport or distribute.

Question 27

The abbreviation used on prescriptions for four times a day is

A)bid.
B)qid.
C)qd.
D)ud.

Question 28

Refill instructions are found in the body of a prescription.

Question 29

How are computer and online resources enhancing printed books as a source of information about drugs? (Select all that apply. )

A)Web-based physicians can diagnose patient conditions and prescribe medication over the Internet.
B)Tablet computers and smart phones may be used for medication information databases.
C)Some publishers have apps that can be downloaded to smart phones.
D)Websites such as WebMD have decision trees whereby patients can identify their own health condition and determine appropriate treatment and medication.
E)Older editions of textbooks have been placed in the public domain and are useful for information about medications and drug interactions.

Question 30

Which of the following are associated with increased patient nonadherence to medication therapy? (Select all that apply. )

A)Some patients may fear of the side effects of the medication.
B)A longer duration of drug therapy is associated with the risk for nonadherence with medication therapy.
C)Increased dosing frequency is associated with nonadherence with medication therapy.
D)The issue of nonadherence to medication therapy is not important,as patients reliably take their medication as prescribed.

Question 31

The word stat on a prescription means

A)before meals.
B)at bedtime.
C)immediately.
D)every.

Question 32

On a prescription,the directions to the patient are preceded by

A)Rx.
B)Sig.
C)#.
D)Disp.

Question 33

What would be an advantage for a dentist to call the pharmacy with a prescription for Tylenol #3 rather than hydrocodone for a patient who calls late at night requesting medication for pain following root canal therapy?

A)Tylenol #3 is available over-the-counter and does not require a prescription.
B)Tylenol #3 is a not a controlled substance and hydrocodone is a controlled substance.
C)A prescription for Tylenol #3 (Schedule III)may be telephoned,whereas hydrocodone (Schedule II)requires a written prescription.
D)Tylenol #3 has greater potency than hydrocodone.

Question 34

The body of a prescription includes directions to the patient.

Question 35

The heading of a prescription contains the following information except the

A)name and address of the prescriber.
B)name and address of the patient.
C)telephone numbers of the patient and the prescriber.
D)date of birth of the prescriber.
E)date of the prescription.