Deck 39: Nervous System and Musculo-Skeletal Disorders

Question 1

Which statement about osteoarthritis is incorrect?

A)It occurs with aging.
B)Pain occurs with weight-bearing and joint motion.
C)Being underweight is a common cause.
D)Weight-bearing joints (hips,knees,and spine)are commonly affected.

Answer 1

Being underweight is a common cause.

Question 2

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is most likely to have joint stiffness with

A)Rest and lack of motion
B)Exercise
C)Weight-bearing
D)Joint motion

Answer 2

Rest and lack of motion

Question 3

Paraplegia is paralysis and loss of sensory function

A)In the arms
B)In the legs
C)From the chest down
D)From the neck down

Answer 3

In the legs

Question 4

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is overweight.Why is weight loss important for the person?

A)It will improve the person's mental well-being.
B)The person is too old to be overweight.
C)Weight loss reduces stress on weight-bearing joints.
D)It will be easier to lift and move the person.

Question 5

A person has a fracture.The bone has come through the skin.The person has a(n)_____ fracture.

A)Closed
B)Simple
C)Compound
D)Hip

Question 6

The removal of all or part of an extremity is

A)Excision
B)Incision
C)Ectomy
D)Amputation

Question 7

Quadriplegia is paralysis and loss of sensory function

A)In the arms
B)In the legs
C)From the waist down
D)In the arms,legs,and trunk

Question 8

Which statement about rheumatoid arthritis is incorrect?

A)It can occur at any age.
B)Joints on both sides of the body are affected.
C)Wrist and finger joints are commonly affected.
D)The disease is active all the time.

Question 9

A compound fracture also is called a(n)_____ fracture.

A)Closed
B)Simple
C)Open
D)Hip

Question 10

Which is not a sign or symptom of osteoarthritis?

A)Fractures
B)Joint stiffness
C)Joint pain
D)Joint swelling or tenderness

Question 11

A person has a fracture.The bone is broken but the skin is intact.The person has a(n)_____fracture.

A)Closed
B)Compound
C)Open
D)Spiral

Question 12

Paralysis on one side of the body is

A)Uniplegia
B)Biplegia
C)Paraplegia
D)Hemiplegia

Question 13

Tissues die and become black,cold,and shriveled.This is

A)Cancer
B)Gangrene
C)Arthritis
D)Metastasis

Question 14

Which statement about arthritis is incorrect?

A)It is the most common joint disease.
B)Pain is common.
C)Decreased mobility is common.
D)It is cured with arthroplasty.

Question 15

A fracture is a

A)Broken bone
B)Broken joint
C)Broken hip
D)Cast or traction

Question 16

A resident has rheumatoid arthritis.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Encourage exercise when fever is present.
B)Turn and re-position every 2 hours.
C)Use trochanter rolls for alignment and positioning.
D)Provide self-help devices as directed by the health team.

Question 17

Arthroplasty is

A)The surgical replacement of a joint
B)Joint inflammation
C)A disease in which bones become porous and brittle
D)The repair of a fracture

Question 18

Another term for quadriplegia is

A)Paraplegia
B)Tetraplegia
C)Biplegia
D)Uniplegia

Question 19

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is most likely to have joint pain

A)With rest and lack of motion
B)With weight-bearing and joint motion
C)Following a heat application
D)Following a cold application

Question 20

Arthritis is

A)The surgical replacement of a joint
B)Joint inflammation
C)A disease in which bones become porous and brittle
D)The repair of a fracture

Question 21

The greatest risk(s)from osteoporosis

A)Are fractures
B)Are burns
C)Is immobility
D)Is pneumonia

Question 22

A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip.He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip.You know that he is at risk for which of the following post-operative complications?

A)Pneumonia,UTI,and thrombi in his leg veins
B)MS,CAD,and RA
C)Hemothorax,depression,and schizophrenia
D)Aspiration,paralysis,and metastasis

Question 23

A resident is in traction.How should you position the person?

A)Prone
B)Semi-Fowler's position
C)Orthopneic position
D)As directed

Question 24

A resident has a fractured wrist.The doctor has scheduled open reduction.This means that

A)Traction is used to bring the bone ends into alignment
B)A cast is used to bring the bone ends into alignment
C)The doctor will move the bone ends back into alignment
D)The doctor will move the bones back into alignment during surgery

Question 25

You are assisting the nurse with cast care.Which action is incorrect?

A)Support the entire cast with pillows.
B)Wash and dry the cast when soiling occurs.
C)Do not let the person insert things into the cast.
D)Position the person as directed.

Question 26

After reduction,the fractured part is

A)Immobilized with a cast or traction
B)Exercised as directed by PT
C)Abducted
D)Externally rotated

Question 27

Which are not risk factors for osteoporosis?

A)Being thin or having a small frame
B)Family history of the disease
C)Tobacco use and alcoholism
D)Exercise and activity

Question 28

Which statement about osteoporosis is incorrect?

A)Bones become porous and brittle.
B)Bones are fragile and fracture easily.
C)It is common in older people.
D)It is caused by high calcium in the diet.

Question 29

A resident has a plaster of paris cast.The cast dries in _____ hours.

A)2 to 3
B)4 to 8
C)12 to 24
D)24 to 48

Question 30

You are assisting the nurse with cast care.Which action is incorrect?

A)Cover the cast for the person's warmth.
B)Use your palms to lift and turn a casted extremity.
C)Turn the person every 2 hours.
D)Elevate the casted part on pillows.

Question 31

A resident has a cast on her right arm.You note that her fingers are pale and that she cannot move them.What should you do?

A)Remove the cast.
B)Tell the nurse at once.
C)Elevate her arm on pillows.
D)Assist with range-of-motion exercises.

Question 32

Skeletal traction is applied to the

A)Skin
B)Bone
C)Muscle
D)Joint

Question 33

A resident has rheumatoid arthritis.The person has consented to joint replacement surgery.The affected joint will be replaced with a

A)Nail or pin
B)Metal plate
C)Screw
D)Prosthesis

Question 34

Traction is used to immobilize a fracture.This is done by

A)Applying a steady pull in two directions
B)Inserting wires and pins
C)Inserting a prosthesis
D)Applying a stockinette

Question 35

All of the following are signs and symptoms of osteoporosis except

A)Joint pain and stiffness
B)Back pain
C)Gradual loss of height
D)Stooped posture

Question 36

A resident is in traction.Which action is incorrect?

A)Keep the weights off the floor and do not remove traction devices.
B)Remove weights for complaints of pain or numbness.
C)Provide a fracture pan for elimination.
D)Make the bed from the head of the bed to the foot of the bed.

Question 37

A person with a fracture will have all of the following except

A)Joint pain and stiffness
B)Pain and tenderness
C)Limited movement and loss of function
D)Deformity of the body part

Question 38

A resident has a cast.All of the following signs and symptoms indicate a problem except

A)Pain and numbness in the casted part
B)Swelling and a tight cast
C)Odor and drainage from under the cast
D)Joint pain and stiffness

Question 39

A resident has osteoporosis.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Assist with strength training exercises as directed by PT.
B)Encourage good posture.
C)Assist with weight-bearing exercises as directed by PT.
D)Promote bedrest.Turn and re-position gently.

Question 40

A resident has rheumatoid arthritis.All of the following can relieve pain and inflammation except

A)Drugs
B)Heat or cold applications
C)A cast or traction
D)Rest balanced with exercise

Question 41

A resident had a stroke.The person's left side is affected.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Encourage deep-breathing and coughing exercises.
B)Turn and re-position every 2 hours.
C)Assist with range-of-motion exercises.
D)Perform all ADL for the person.

Question 42

Stroke is a(n)

A)Disease that affects the arteries that supply blood to the brain
B)Slow,progressive disorder in which there is degeneration of part of the brain
C)Disease in which the myelin covering the brain and spinal cord is destroyed
D)Injury to the scalp,skull,and brain tissue

Question 43

Warning signs of stroke last a few minutes.This is called a(n)

A)Early warning
B)Transient ischemic attack
C)Cerebrovascular accident
D)Brain attack

Question 44

A hip fracture requires

A)Closed reduction
B)Open reduction
C)A cast
D)Traction

Question 45

A resident has a fractured right hip.How is the leg positioned?

A)Abducted at all times
B)Abducted when in bed
C)Adducted at all times
D)Adducted when in bed

Question 46

Care of a person after a stroke often includes all of the following except

A)Ostomy care
B)A bowel or bladder training program
C)ROM exercises to prevent contractures
D)Measures to prevent pressure ulcers

Question 47

Functions lost as a result of stroke depend on the

A)Cause of the stroke
B)Person's age
C)Area of brain damage
D)Person's attitude

Question 48

Warning signs of stroke include all of the following except

A)Sudden trouble seeing out of one or both eyes
B)Sudden trouble walking
C)Sudden dizziness or loss of balance or coordination
D)Sudden loss of bowel or bladder control

Question 49

Effects from stroke often include all of the following except

A)Loss of face,hand,arm,leg,or body control
B)Dysphagia and aphasia
C)Urinary incontinence and impaired memory
D)Tremors and stiff muscles

Question 50

A resident had a stroke.When does rehabilitation begin?

A)When the person leaves the hospital
B)When the person enters a rehabilitation center
C)A few days after the person returns to the nursing center
D)At once

Question 51

A resident has a fractured right hip.You must use devices to prevent

A)Abduction
B)External rotation of the hip
C)Pneumonia
D)Aspiration

Question 52

A resident has a fractured right hip.The doctor ordered elastic stockings.They are used to

A)Prevent thrombi
B)Prevent pneumonia
C)Prevent another fracture
D)Hold his dressing in place

Question 53

A resident had a stroke.The person cries easily,sometimes for no reason.Which is true?

A)The person suffers from depression.
B)Changing emotions are common effects of stroke.
C)The person is anxious.
D)The person might benefit from a hospice program.

Question 54

Risk factors for stroke include all of the following except

A)Hypertension and family history
B)Diabetes,osteoporosis,and obesity
C)Heart disease,inactivity,and excessive alcohol use
D)Smoking and high blood cholesterol

Question 55

Which is a common effect of stroke?

A)Hemiplegia
B)Quadriplegia
C)Mask-like expression
D)Sclerosis

Question 56

A resident has a fractured right hip.What position is not allowed?

A)Left side-lying position
B)Right side-lying position
C)Fowler's position
D)Semi-Fowler's position

Question 57

A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip.He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip.You know that he is at risk for which of the following post-operative complications?

A)Depression,skin tears,and burns
B)Pressure ulcers,constipation,and confusion
C)Incontinence,hair loss,and stomatitis
D)Diarrhea,bleeding,and infection

Question 58

The two most common causes of stroke are

A)Bleeding in the brain and blood clots
B)Hypertension and diabetes
C)Infection and accidental injury
D)Aging and poor nutrition

Question 59

A resident's left leg was amputated.The person complains of pain in the left leg.This is

A)Chronic pain
B)Radiating pain
C)Sympathy pain
D)Phantom limb pain

Question 60

Warning signs of stroke include all of the following except

A)Sudden,severe chest pain and shortness of breath
B)Sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body
C)Sudden confusion,trouble speaking,or understanding
D)Sudden,severe headache

Question 61

All of the following are common with Parkinson's disease except

A)Pill-rolling movements
B)Shuffling gait
C)A fixed stare
D)Flare-ups or relapses

Question 62

All of the following are common with Parkinson's disease except

A)Hemiplegia or quadriplegia
B)Tremors and stiff muscles
C)Slow movement and mask-like expression
D)Stooped posture and impaired balance

Question 63

A resident has ALS.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Range-of-motion exercises
B)Bedrest with commode privileges
C)Measures to relieve pain
D)Dysphagia diet

Question 64

Which statement about Parkinson's disease is incorrect?

A)It is progressive with no cure.
B)It usually develops after age 50.
C)Signs and symptoms become worse over time.
D)Expressive-receptive aphasia is common.

Question 65

Which statement about head injuries is incorrect?

A)Rehabilitation will return the person to normal.
B)There may be other injuries,especially to the spinal cord.
C)Paralysis and breathing difficulties may result.
D)Bowel and bladder problems,personality changes,and speech problems may result.

Question 66

Which statement about spinal cord injuries is incorrect?

A)Permanent damage can occur.
B)Paraplegia or quadriplegia can result.
C)Rehabilitation is necessary.
D)Lower level injuries result in greater loss of function.

Question 67

Persons with Parkinson's disease often have speech problems.Which is common?

A)Aphasia
B)Slurred,monotone speech
C)Loud speech
D)Swearing

Question 68

Symptoms of multiple sclerosis usually begin

A)Between the ages of 20 and 40
B)After age 50
C)After age 65
D)Between the ages of 50 and 65

Question 69

If untreated,autonomic dysreflexia can lead to

A)Spinal cord infection
B)Stroke and heart attack
C)Paraplegia
D)Constipation and fecal impaction

Question 70

A resident is paralyzed from the waist down.The person is at risk for

A)Pressure ulcers and contractures
B)Aphasia and dysphagia
C)Aspiration and pneumonia
D)MS and Parkinson's disease

Question 71

A common cause of autonomic dysreflexia is

A)Being cold
B)Nasal congestion
C)Anxiety
D)Fecal impaction

Question 72

Which statement about multiple sclerosis is incorrect?

A)The person may have remissions early in the disease.
B)Symptoms depend on the area of damage.
C)Blurred or double vision often occurs.
D)Severe disability or death is common early after onset.

Question 73

A resident has MS.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Perform all ADL for the person.
B)Assist with measures to promote bowel and bladder elimination.
C)Assist with deep-breathing and coughing exercises every 4 hours while awake.
D)Perform passive range-of-motion exercises every 4 hours while awake.

Question 74

A resident is paralyzed from the waist down.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Safety measures to prevent falls
B)Bath water,heat applications,and food at the correct temperatures
C)Active range-of-motion exercises to all joints except the neck
D)Supportive devices as directed to maintain alignment

Question 75

A resident has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Which is correct?

A)ALS attacks the nerve cells that control voluntary muscles.
B)ALS affects more women than men.
C)ALS usually strikes between 60 and 80 years of age.
D)ALS usually affects the mind,intelligence,and memory.

Question 76

Autonomic dysreflexia affects persons

A)In persistent vegetative states
B)With hemiplegia
C)With spinal cord injuries above the mid-thoracic level
D)With ALS

Question 77

The person with Parkinson's disease needs protection from

A)Falls
B)Burns
C)Poisoning
D)Cold,damp weather