Deck 40: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders

Question 1

COPD interferes with

A)Inhalation
B)Blood flow
C)O? and CO? exchange in the lungs
D)Exhalation

Answer 1

O? and CO? exchange in the lungs

Question 2

A resident has emphysema.You expect all of the following signs and symptoms except

A)Productive cough,possibly with pus
B)Difficulty breathing
C)Barrel chest
D)Fever

Answer 2

Fever

Question 3

All of the following signal influenza in older persons except

A)A change in mental status
B)A body temperature below normal range
C)Fatigue
D)Increased appetite and fluid intake

Answer 3

Increased appetite and fluid intake

Question 4

Which statement about pneumonia is incorrect?

A)It is inflammation and infection of lung tissue.
B)Affected alveoli fill with fluid.
C)Affected alveoli are enlarged and less elastic.
D)The person has fever,chills,painful cough,and chest pain on breathing.

Question 5

A person has TB.Which precautions are needed?

A)Transmission-Based Precautions
B)Airborne precautions
C)Contact precautions
D)Droplet precautions

Question 6

A person has chronic bronchitis.You expect all of the following signs and symptoms except

A)Productive cough,possibly with pus
B)Difficulty breathing
C)Barrel chest
D)Fatigue

Question 7

What is the major cause of chronic bronchitis?

A)Smoking
B)Infection
C)Air pollution
D)Family history

Question 8

Which does not occur with emphysema?

A)Alveoli fill with fluid.
B)Alveoli enlarge.
C)Air is trapped in alveoli.
D)Alveoli become less elastic.

Question 9

What is the most common cause of emphysema?

A)Smoking
B)Infection
C)Air pollution
D)Family history

Question 10

A resident has emphysema.You expect the person's treatment to include all of the following except

A)Oxygen therapy
B)Breathing exercises
C)Drug therapy
D)Diet therapy

Question 11

The CDC recommends flu vaccine for persons 50 years of age and older.

Question 12

Influenza is caused by

A)Viruses
B)Immobility
C)Aspiration
D)Bacteria

Question 13

Which is not a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A)Pneumonia
B)Chronic bronchitis
C)Emphysema
D)Asthma

Question 14

Pneumonia from aspiration is common in older persons.

Question 15

A resident has pneumonia.What color is the sputum?

A)Green
B)Yellowish
C)Rust-colored
D)The color depends on the cause

Question 16

A resident has pneumonia.The following are part of the person's care plan.Which should you question?

A)Encourage fluids.
B)Encourage rest.
C)Place in semi-Fowler's position only.
D)Change linens as needed.

Question 17

Which statement about TB is incorrect?

A)Persons having frequent,close contact with the infected individual are at risk.
B)Symptoms occur 6 weeks after being infected.
C)It is treated with TB drugs.
D)TB is detected by chest x-ray and skin tests.

Question 18

A person has chronic bronchitis.Treatment involves all of the following except

A)Oxygen therapy
B)Breathing exercises
C)Prompt treatment of respiratory tract infections
D)Artificial airways and chest tubes

Question 19

Tuberculosis is spread by

A)Direct contact
B)Vector
C)Indirect contact
D)Airborne droplets

Question 20

Which statement about asthma is incorrect?

A)Air passages narrow.
B)Wheezing and cough are common.
C)Fear causes an asthma attack to become worse.
D)The person has fever,pain,and chills.

Question 21

Angina occurs when

A)The person is stressed
B)The person is exercising
C)The heart needs more oxygen
D)Blood flow increases

Question 22

The following are risk factors for coronary artery disease.Which cannot be controlled?

A)Lack of exercise
B)Smoking and stress
C)Diabetes and hypertension
D)Age,gender,family history,and race

Question 23

Angina is _____ pain(s).

A)Muscle
B)Joint
C)Lung
D)Chest

Question 24

Angina is usually relieved by

A)Food and fluids
B)Fresh air
C)Rest and nitroglycerin
D)Surgery

Question 25

Which statement about the pain of myocardial infarction is incorrect?

A)The person may complain of indigestion and nausea.
B)The person is fearful and has a sense of doom.
C)Sweating,pallor,and cyanosis are common.
D)Hypertension and a strong pulse usually occur.

Question 26

A resident has TB.Isolation precautions are needed.

Question 27

After an MI,the person needs

A)Rest
B)Surgery
C)Cardiac rehabilitation
D)Dialysis

Question 28

A person has left-sided heart failure.Signs and symptoms include all of the following except

A)No pulse,no respirations,and no blood pressure
B)Dyspnea,sputum,cough,and gurgling sounds in the lungs
C)Confusion,dizziness,and fainting
D)Pallor and low urinary output

Question 29

What are the major complications of coronary artery disease?

A)Hypertension,angina,and high blood pressure
B)Angina,myocardial infarction,irregular heartbeat,and sudden death
C)Myocardial infarction,hypertension,and COPD
D)Heart failure,myocardial infarction,and atherosclerosis

Question 30

Which statement about myocardial infarction is incorrect?

A)Tissue death occurs from a sudden lack of blood supply to the heart muscle.
B)The area of damage is large.
C)The person is having a heart attack.
D)Cardiac arrest is a risk.

Question 31

Which of these blood pressure measurements indicates hypertension?

A)120/70 mm Hg and 140/90 mm Hg
B)138/90 mm Hg and 130/80 mm Hg
C)150/100 mm Hg and 110/60 mm Hg
D)148/90 mm Hg and 160/100 mm Hg

Question 32

Hypertension is dangerous because it

A)Is a contagious disease
B)Is a communicable disease
C)Can damage other organs
D)Cannot be treated

Question 33

Which is not a sign or symptom of angina?

A)Pain in the jaw,neck,and down one or both arms
B)Pallor,feeling faint,and perspiring
C)Dyspnea
D)Aphasia and dysphagia

Question 34

Heart failure means that the heart

A)Has stopped beating
B)Is damaged
C)Cannot pump blood normally
D)Is old and weak

Question 35

A resident has angina.The person needs to

A)Have nitroglycerin available at all times
B)Keep a portable oxygen tank with him
C)Stay inside
D)Exercise vigorously

Question 36

Which statement about the pain of myocardial infarction is incorrect?

A)It is usually sudden,severe,and on the left side.
B)It is often described as crushing,stabbing,or squeezing.
C)It may radiate to the neck,jaw,teeth,shoulder,and arm.
D)It is relieved by rest and nitroglycerin.

Question 37

Risk factors for hypertension include the following.A person cannot change

A)His or her age,gender,race,or family history
B)Weight and stress level
C)Diet and alcohol intake
D)Exercise level

Question 38

With coronary artery disease,the coronary arteries are

A)Hardened and narrow
B)Enlarged and less elastic
C)Infected
D)Opened or bypassed

Question 39

Hypertension can lead to all of the following except

A)Stroke and heart attack
B)Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis
C)Heart failure and kidney failure
D)Blindness

Question 40

Angina not relieved by nitroglycerin and rest may signal

A)Hypertension
B)Stroke
C)Heart failure
D)Heart attack

Question 41

What position is usually preferred by persons with heart failure?

A)Supine
B)Prone
C)Side-lying position
D)Semi-Fowler's position

Question 42

A resident has heart failure.The doctor is likely to order

A)A splint or brace
B)Elastic stockings
C)Trochanter rolls
D)A cane or walker

Question 43

A person has heart failure.The person's diet is likely to be

A)Sodium-controlled
B)High protein
C)High carbohydrate
D)High fat

Question 44

A resident has heart failure.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Measure I&O and daily weight.
B)Encourage fluids.
C)Provide skin care.
D)Assist with range-of-motion exercises.

Question 45

A person has right-sided heart failure.Signs and symptoms include

A)No pulse,no respirations,and no blood pressure
B)Swollen feet and ankles
C)Dyspnea,cyanosis,and elevated temperature
D)Severe,sudden chest pain