Deck 18: Ophthalmic Drugs

Question 1

Mydriatic drugs ________.

A) constrict the pupil
B) dilate the pupil
C) decrease the flow of aqueous humor
D) all of the above

Answer 1

dilate the pupil

Question 2

The drug fluocinolone (Retisert)is a ________.

A) corticosteroid drug that is injected into the eye
B) corticosteroid drug that is inserted into the eye as an implant
C) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is inserted into the eye as an implant
D) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is injected into the eye

Answer 2

corticosteroid drug that is inserted into the eye as an implant

Question 3

Topical sulfonamide drugs are used to treat bacterial infections of the eye because they ________.

A) are antibiotic drugs
B) are anti-infective drugs
C) kill bacteria
D) are anti-inflammatory drugs

Answer 3

are anti-infective drugs

Question 4

Miotic drugs for glaucoma have the same effect as the neurotransmitter ________.

A) aqueous humor
B) acetylcholine
C) epinephrine
D) vitreous humor

Question 5

Topical antiviral drugs for viral eye infections,such as trifluridine (Viroptic),act by ________.

A) disrupting the cell wall of a virus
B) inhibiting the growth of viral cells
C) inhibiting viral DNA from reproducing
D) injecting a toxin into the virus

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a topical antibiotic drug used to treat bacterial infections of the eye?

A) ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)
B) levofloxacin (Quixin)
C) metipranolol (OptiPranolol)
D) ofloxacin (Ocuflox)

Question 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) A mydriatic drug constricts the pupil.
B) Mast cell stabilizer drugs prevent mast cells from releasing histamine.
C) Silver nitrate placed in a newborn's eyes can interfere with mother-child bonding.
D) The antiviral drug implant Vitrasert is effective against viral infections.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Sulfonamide drugs and antibiotic drugs both kill bacteria to treat eye infections.
B) Topical drugs used in the eye are specially formulated to be physiologically similar to eye fluids and tears.
C) Some topical generic antibiotic drugs for the eye are also available as oral generic antibiotic drugs, but the trade names are different.
D) Topical erythromycin is placed in the eyes of newborn infants to prevent infection from gonorrhea and chlamydia, two sexually transmitted diseases.

Question 9

The drug tetracaine is used in the eye to ________.

A) increase the flow of aqueous humor
B) dilate the pupil and paralyze the muscles of accommodation
C) provide topical anesthesia during eye examinations and for short surgical procedures
D) treat glaucoma

Question 10

Which of the following categories of drugs is NOT used to treat allergy symptoms in the eyes?

A) topical antihistamine drugs
B) topical decongestant drugs
C) topical mast cell stabilizer drugs
D) topical prostaglandin F agonist drugs

Question 11

Which of the following drugs is NOT used to treat glaucoma?

A) pilocarpine (Pilocar)
B) Cosopt (dorzolamide, timolol)
C) cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
D) betaxolol (Betoptic S)

Question 12

Topical NSAIDs,commonly used in conjunction with cataract or LASIK surgery,________.

A) dilate the pupil
B) prevent eye infection
C) increase the outflow of aqueous humor
D) treat pain and inflammation

Question 13

The topical drug natamycin (Natacyn)is used to treat ________.

A) bacterial infections of the eye
B) fungal infections of the eyelids and eye
C) parasitic infections of the eyelids and eye
D) viral infections of the eyelids and eye

Question 14

Topical antibiotic drugs for bacterial eye infections ________.

A) block nutrients so the bacteria cannot reproduce
B) disrupt the cell walls of the bacteria
C) insert a toxin into the bacteria
D) interfere with DNA synthesis in the bacterium

Question 15

When a foreign substance,such as pollen or animal dander enters the eye,antibodies from the immune system are active and ________ is released.

A) acetylcholine
B) epinephrine
C) histamine
D) all of the above

Question 16

Which drugs used to treat glaucoma by blocking an enzyme that is active in the production of aqueous humor?

A) mast cell stabilizer drugs
B) beta-blocker drugs
C) carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drugs
D) anesthetic ophthalmic drugs

Question 17

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Botox is derived from the same bacterium that causes botulism (food poisoning).
B) Strabismus is caused by an abnormal constriction of the pupil.
C) Blepharospasm is spasm of the pupil of the eye.
D) The main symptom of glaucoma is decreased intraocular pressure.

Question 18

All of the following are beta-blocker drugs used to treat glaucoma,EXCEPT ________.

A) carteolol
B) betaxolol (Betoptic)
C) prednisolone (Omnipred, red Forte)
D) timolol (Timoptic)

Question 19

In order to examine the interior of the eye,the patient would be given eye drops containing what type of drug?

A) mydriatic drug
B) antibiotic drug
C) antihistamine drug
D) corticosteroid drug

Question 20

All of the following drugs are used to treat glaucoma,EXCEPT ________.

A) brinzolamide (Azopt)
B) latanoprost (Xalatan)
C) timolol (Timoptic)
D) gentamicin (Gentak)

Question 21

The topical antiviral drug trifluridine (Viroptic)is specifically effective against herpes simplex virus,type 1 and type 2.

Question 22

Anesthetic ophthalmic drugs are administered topically.

Question 23

Topical ophthalmic drugs are interchangeable with topical drugs for the skin because they both contain the same drug ingredient.

Question 24

Topical antibiotic drugs for eye infections are useful in treating both bacterial infections of the eye and viral infections of the eye.

Question 25

The drug sulfacetamide (AK-Sulf,Sulster)is considered to be a topical antibiotic drug.

Question 26

The prostaglandin F agonist drug bimatoprost,which used to treat glaucoma,has an unusual side effect of causing ________.

A) increased pigmentation of the iris
B) xerophthalmia
C) growth of hair and eyelashes
D) A and C

Question 27

The drug ganciclovir (Vitrasert)is an implant that is placed within the lens of the eye.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a topical corticosteroid drug used to treat eye inflammation?

A) dexamethasone (Maxidex)
B) diclofenac (Voltaren)
C) fluorometholone (Flarex)
D) prednisolone (Omnipred, Pred Forte)

Question 29

Beta-blocker drugs used to treat glaucoma have no effect on pupil size and therefore do not cause the blurred vision or night blindness associated with some other glaucoma drugs.

Question 30

Xerophthalmia can be caused by ________.

A) old age
B) inflammation that causes lack of tear production
C) a side effect of certain drugs
D) all of the above

Question 31

Some drugs used to treat cataracts decrease the elevated intraocular pressure which,if left untreated,can lead to blindness.

Question 32

Miotic drugs for glaucoma mimic the action of epinephrine,a neurotransmitter for the sympathetic division of the nervous system.

Question 33

Alpha receptor stimulator drugs for glaucoma constrict the pupil and decrease the outflow of aqueous humor.

Question 34

The drug verteporfin (Visudyne)is ________,

A) used to block fragile blood vessels in the macula and retina so they do not leak
B) is a phototherapy drug that is given intravenously
C) is activated by a red laser light
D) all of the above

Question 35

For infections in the eyes,only topical ophthalmic antibiotic drugs are used because oral antibiotic drugs are not effective in treating eye infections.

Question 36

All carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drugs used to treat glaucoma must be given orally in order to be effective.

Question 37

Botulinum toxin type A (Botox,Dysport)is injected into eye muscles to paralyze them and treat strabismus; it is also injected into the muscles of the face to treat skin wrinkles.

Question 38

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,but not corticosteroid drugs,are used to treat inflammation in the eyelid,cornea,conjunctiva,or tear duct.

Question 39

Topical decongestant drugs constrict the blood vessels in the cornea to reduce redness.

Question 40

The drug Cosopt is a combination drug for glaucoma; it contains a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drug (dorzolamide)and a beta-blocker drug (timolol).

Question 41

Most states either recommend or require a topical anti-infective drug be applied to the eyes of newborn infants to prevent the possibility of infection and possible blindness from the sexually transmitted disease of ________.

Question 42

The drug Lacrisert is a dissolving ________ that is used to treat dry eyes syndrome.

Question 43

Match the drug name in Column 1 with the drug category in Column 2.

A)topical antibiotic drug for bacterial eye infections
B)prostaglandin F agonist drug for glaucoma
C)topical NSAID drug for eye inflammation
D)beta-blocker drug used to treat glaucoma
E)topical mast cell stabilizer drug for eye allergies
F)topical corticosteroid drug for eye inflammation
G)topical decongestant drug for eye allergies
H)monoclonal antibody drug for macular degeneration
I)topical antihistamine drug for eye allergies
J)carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drug for glaucoma
1)azelastine (Optivar)
2)timolol (Timoptic)
3)ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)
4)dexamethasone (Maxidex)
5)dorzolamide (Trusopt)
6)ketorolac (Acular)
7)latanoprost (Xalatan)
8)phenylephrine (Mydfrin)
9)pemirolast (Alamast)
"10)ranibizumab (Lucentis)

Question 44

Dilating the pupils,a process known as ________,is done prior to an eye examination or surgery.

Question 45

Describe the two ways that drugs used to treat simple (open-angle)glaucoma can work.

Question 46

The eye disease of xerophthalmia is also known as ________ eyes syndrome.

Question 47

One category of drugs used to treat glaucoma inhibits ________,an enzyme that normally destroys acetylcholine.

Question 48

Some drugs for glaucoma stimulate ________ F receptors,which increases the outflow of aqueous humor and decreases the intraocular pressure.

Question 49

Without the use of topical mydriatic drugs,it would be impossible to perform an examination of the internal structures of a patient's eye.

Question 50

The ________ plant was the original source of the mydriatic drugs atropine and scopolamine.

Question 51

The first drugs to be developed to treat glaucoma were ________ drugs,which cause the pupil to constrict,and this increases the outflow of aqueous humor and lowers the intraocular pressure.

Question 52

The well-known generic antihistamine drug olopatadine for the eyes is related to the trade name drugs of Pataday and ________.

Question 53

Mast cell stabilizer drugs block the release of ________ and relieve allergy symptoms in the eyes.

Question 54

Topical ________ drugs are used in the eye to treat inflammation because they suppress the immune system's local inflammatory response.

Question 55

A drug that produces cycloplegia is one that paralyzes the muscles of ________ of the eye so that the pupil remains fixed and dilated.

Question 56

The well-known generic drug cyclosporine is related to the trade name drug ________ that is used to treat dry eyes syndrome.

Question 57

Brinzolamide (Azopt)is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drug that blocks the enzyme that produces ________ humor.

Question 58

The ending ________ is common to generic beta-blocker drugs used to treat glaucoma.

Question 59

Describe the difference between age-related (dry)macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration.

Question 60

NSAIDs are used after cataract or corneal surgery to treat the pain and ________ associated with surgery.

Question 61

Describe the effect of miotic drugs to that of mydriatic drugs.

Question 62

Name the two different topical drugs used in the eyes of newborns to prevent blindness from gonorrhea,and describe their advantages and disadvantages.

Question 63

Describe how a healthcare professional administers a topical liquid eye drug to a patient.