Deck 30: Nutrition

Question 1

Based on research on aging,the nurse knows that improper nutrition may result in the onset of which specific diseases? (Select all that apply. )

A) Type 2 diabetes
B) Atherosclerosis
C) Osteoporosis
D) Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 1

Type 2 diabetes
Atherosclerosis
Osteoporosis

Question 2

The nurse is concerned about aspiration precautions when feeding her patient who has recently suffered a stroke.Which of the following procedures that the nurse performs would demonstrate a need for further education?

A) The nurse uses thickened liquids.
B) The nurse puts the bed at 30 degrees.
C) The nurse encourages slow eating.
D) The nurse has the patient alternate between food and sips of fluid.

Answer 2

The nurse puts the bed at 30 degrees.

Question 3

The nurse is educating a patient about including more omega-3 fatty acids in her diet.Which of the following food sources should be included? (Select all that apply. )

A) Salmon
B) Flaxseed
C) Mackerel
D) Steak

Answer 3

Salmon
Flaxseed
Mackerel

Question 4

The nurse is providing dietary education to her patient to help him include more complex carbohydrates in his diet.Which of the following would be beneficial to include? (Select all that apply. )

A) Green beans
B) Bananas
C) Beans
D) Potatoes

Question 5

The nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric (NG)tube in her patient.Which of the following steps in the process indicates a need for further education?

A) The nurse lubricates 4 inches of the tube prior to insertion.
B) The nurse marks the length of the tube with a marker for insertion.
C) The nurse measures the length of tube needed using the nose-earlobe-xiphoid process.
D) The nurse applies clean gloves for the procedure.

Question 6

The nurse is educating her patient about who has just been placed on a renal diet.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?

A) "I need to eat a low-sodium diet."
B) "I can have limited amounts of meat."
C) "I can drink unlimited cola if it is diet."
D) "I should avoid or limit bananas."

Question 7

The nurse knows an appropriate outcome statement for the nursing diagnosis Impaired swallowing is:

A) the patient will consume 50% of his meal.
B) the patient will gain 2 lb a week.
C) the patient will show any signs of aspiration during meals.
D) the patient will demonstrate using an assistive device to feed himself.

Question 8

The nurse is measuring his patient's height.Which of the following steps of the procedure indicates a need for further education on this skill?

A) He instructs the patient to remove his shoes.
B) He measures from the top of the patient's head to the bottom of the patient's foot arch.
C) He positions the head against the headboard or measuring device.
D) He makes sure the patient is standing erect.

Question 9

The nurse is performing an oral examination on a patient and notices a beefy-red tongue.She knows this is a characteristic finding in:

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) malnutrition.
C) bulimia.
D) pernicious anemia.

Question 10

The nurse has received an order from the health care provider to discontinue the nasogastric tube.Which of the following actions by the nurse indicates a need for further education?

A) The nurse clears the tube with air prior to discontinuing.
B) The nurse stops the tube feeding.
C) The nurse instructs the patient to cough while pulling out the tube.
D) The nurse clamps the tube while pulling it out.

Question 11

The nurse is helping a patient understand the difference between macronutrients and vitamins and minerals.She is correct when she lists the following items as macronutrients: (Select all that apply. )

A) Water
B) Potassium
C) Starches
D) Fiber
E) Riboflavin

Question 12

The nurse knows that patients should consume the following amounts of fiber every day:

A) 25-35 g
B) 20-35 g
C) 25-40 g
D) 20-40 g

Question 13

The nurse is explaining to the UAP that the patient is on a full-liquid diet.Which statement by the UAP indicates a need for reorientation?

A) "I can give the patient orange juice."
B) "I can give the patient yogurt."
C) "I can give the patient oatmeal."
D) "I can give the patient milk."

Question 14

The nurse is attempting to open an occluded PEG tube.Which of the following interventions requires re-education?

A) Flush the tube with a small amount of air
B) Flush the tube using a 50- to 60-mL syringe and 20 to 30 mL of warm water.
C) Reinsert the stylet to break up the clot.
D) Flush the tube with a carbonated beverage.

Question 15

The nurse is planning dietary education for her patient.What food labeling consideration should she be aware of when planning her education? (Select all that apply. )

A) Ask patients if they read food labels.
B) Assess their level of understanding of food labels.
C) Encourage them to read the food labels.
D) Explain to them all food labels are different.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for an adolescent patient with anorexia nervosa.She knows the best treatment option is:

A) hospitalization with skill nursing care.
B) compulsory tube feedings.
C) individually determined by a collaborative team.
D) outpatient treatment.

Question 17

The nurse knows that initial verification of a nasogastric placement is important.Which method is considered the only reliable method to determine enteral tube placement?

A) Auscultation of air bolus
B) Measurement of pH of the aspirate
C) Radiographic image
D) Aspirate contents to visually inspect appearance

Question 18

The nurse is providing education to patient about the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?

A) "Simple carbohydrates give me quick energy."
B) "Complex carbohydrates come from fruit."
C) "Complex carbohydrates take longer to break down."
D) "Simple carbohydrates come from milk products."

Question 19

The nurse is providing education to an older adult around diet to support the challenges related to aging.Which statement indicates a need for further education?

A) "I should choose foods that are nutrient dense."
B) "High-fiber foods minimize the risk of constipation."
C) "I should eat more calories to avoid malnutrition."
D) "I can add spices to enhance the taste of food."

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN).The nurse knows she should change the tubing every:

A) 72 hours.
B) 48 hours.
C) 24 hours.
D) 12 hours.

Question 21

The nurse is completing a nutrition assessment on a patient.What are some important considerations? (Select all that apply. )

A) The nurse should include the patient's cultural influences in her assessment.
B) The food diary accuracy is the same for a 24-hour recall or 3- to 5-day food journal.
C) The nurse should be nonjudgmental in her review.
D) A consult with a registered dietician may be indicated.

Question 22

The nurse is completing her documentation after feeding a patient with aspiration precautions.Which of the following items should she document? (Select all that apply. )

A) Episodes of coughing or gagging
B) Hesitation or fear of eating
C) Amount eaten
D) Aspiration protocol used
E) Respiratory status
F) None of above

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral feedings.She appropriately delegates the following to the UAP: (Select all that apply. )

A) Verify tube placement
B) Perform oral care
C) Administer tube feeding
D) Obtain vital signs and report results

Question 24

The nurse is educating her patient about the risk of heart disease from metabolic syndrome.She knows metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the following symptoms: (Select all that apply. )

A) Elevated blood glucose
B) High waist circumference
C) History of smoking
D) Hypertension
E) Elevation serum cholesterol

Question 25

The nurse knows that a deficiency in vitamin C can result in the following conditions: (Select all that apply. )

A) Stiff joints
B) Osteopenia
C) Petechiae
D) Loose teeth
E) Bleeding gums
F) None of above

Question 26

The nurse is preparing some educational materials for her patient about the impact of obesity and a high body mass index (BMI).She knows that as BMI increases,so does the risk of these conditions: (Select all that apply. )

A) Increase in blood pressure
B) Increase in HDL
C) Increase in total cholesterol
D) Development of atherosclerosis