Deck 6: Process Selection and Facility Layout

Question 1

Intermittent processing can take the form of batch processing or a job shop.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Continuous processing is the best way to produce customized output.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Process layouts feature departments or other functional groupings of personnel or equipment.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Morale problems can be a reason for redesign of a facility layout.

Question 5

There are three basic process types - Input, Processing and Output.

Question 6

Continuous production has been a significant factor underpinning the U.S.standard of living over the last century.

Question 7

A Job-Shop processing system generally requires less skilled workers than a continuous processing system.

Question 8

A manufacturing cell allows the production of a wide-range of very different products.

Question 9

Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) bring the benefits of automation to continuous processes.

Question 10

Right-sized equipment tends to be larger than equipment used in traditional process layout.

Question 11

Product layouts involve high utilization of labor and equipment.

Question 12

As a general rule, continuous processing systems produce products for inventory rather than for customer order.

Question 13

Avoiding bottlenecks is the primary goal of product design.

Question 14

The term computer aided manufacturing (CAM) refers primarily to the use of robotics in process control.

Question 15

Product layouts can more easily adapt to variations in product requirements than process layouts can.

Question 16

A cafeteria line would be an example of a process focused layout.

Question 17

A robot consists of three parts: a power supply, a controller, and a mechanical arm.

Question 18

Repetitive processing systems usually produce goods specifically for customer orders rather than for inventory.

Question 19

A possible disadvantage of a product layout is an inflexible system.

Question 20

In general, Job-Shop systems have a lower unit cost than continuous systems do because continuous systems use costly specialized equipment.

Question 21

In cellular manufacturing, machines and equipment are grouped by type (e.g., all grinders are grouped into a cell).

Question 22

Mismatches between operational capabilities and market demand can have a negative impact on an organization.

Question 23

A process layout is more susceptible to shutdowns caused by equipment breakdowns than a product layout.

Question 24

Service layouts must be visually pleasing as well as functional.

Question 25

The minimum number of workstations for a production line is determined in part by the desired output rate.

Question 26

Among the benefits claimed for cellular manufacturing are less material handling and reduced setup time.

Question 27

An idle percentage of zero means a line is perfectly balanced.

Question 28

Information technology refers to competitive data.

Question 29

An advantage of a U-shaped production line is that it facilitates teamwork and flexibility in work assignments.

Question 30

A disadvantage of a product layout can be high in-process inventory costs.

Question 31

The goal of line balancing is to assign tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements.

Question 32

"Balance delay" is another name for the percentage of idle time in a product layout.

Question 33

The percentage of idle time in an assembly line is called cycle time.

Question 34

For a production line, daily capacity can be determined by dividing the daily operating time by the line's cycle time.

Question 35

None of the approaches to line balancing, manual or computerized, guarantees an optimal solution.

Question 36

The main issue in the design of process layouts concerns the relative positioning of the departments involved.

Question 37

Heuristic approaches to line balancing are the only approach that will guarantee an optimal solution.

Question 38

"Balance delay" is another name for the percentage of idle time in a process layout.

Question 39

Group technology is closely connected to cellular manufacturing.

Question 40

Accounting, purchasing, and inventory control are fairly routine with process layouts.

Question 41

The benefits of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) include:

A)reduced labor costs
B)higher flexibility than automation
C)quick changeover from part to part significantly lower unit costs
E)all of the above

Question 42

Which of the following is not a process commonly considered in making products or delivering services?

A)continuous
B)batch
C)repetitive
D)job shop
E)subcontracting

Question 43

Numerically controlled (N/C) machine and some robots are applications of programmable automation.

Question 44

The goal in line balancing is to obtain a reasonable allocation of work to each station.

Question 45

Layout planning is required because of: (I) Efficient operations
(II) Accidents or safety hazards
(III) New products or services
(IV) Morale problems

A)I and II
B)II and IV
C)I and III
D)II, III, and IV
E)I, II, III, and IV

Question 46

Process layouts allow greater flexibility in processing than product layouts.

Question 47

An operations strategy for process selection should recognize that:

A)process selection seldom requires technical expertise
B)engineering "white elephants" are uncommon
C)there is little need to manage technology
D)flexibility is not always the best choice
E)most technical skills can be contracted out to consultants

Question 48

Poor layouts are found in both manufacturing and service organizations.

Question 49

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) refers to the use of computers in:

A)product design
B)decision making
C)data analysis
D)quality control
E)process control

Question 50

The process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements is called:

A)fair employment practices
B)idle time analysis
C)line balancing
D)cycle time optimization
E)none of the above

Question 51

Cycle time is the maximum time allowed for each workstation to complete its work on each unit.

Question 52

Process layouts tend to have low in-process inventories.

Question 53

In which type of operations are you likely to see, at most, only minor variations in the product or service being produced using the same process and the same equipment?

A)a project
B)a job shop
C)repetitive production
D)batch processing
E)continuous production

Question 54

The design of service layouts, e.g., warehouse and supermarket layouts, focuses on cost minimization and product flow.

Question 55

Flexibility can be used as a competitive strategy.

Question 56

A group of machines including supervisory computer control, automatic material handling, and possibly robots is called:

A)computer aided design
B)a manufacturing cell
C)computer-aided manufacturing
D)computer-integrated manufacturing
E)a flexible manufacturing system

Question 57

The advantages of automation include: (I) Reduced output variability.
(II) Reduced variable costs.
(III) Machines don't strike or file grievances.
(IV) Machines are always less expensive than human labor.

A)I and IV
B)II and III
C)I, II, and III
D)I and III
E)II and IV

Question 58

The substitution of machinery that has sensing and control devices for human labor is best described by the term:

A)automation
B)feedback control
C)computer-aided manufacturing
D)computer-integrated manufacturing
E)flexible manufacturing system

Question 59

Cellular layout is a term associated with:

A)wireless telecommunication
B)part families
C)functional (or process) layouts
D)assembly lines
E)job shops

Question 60

The type of processing system which is used for highly standardized products is:

A)continuous
B)intermittent
C)project
D)batch
E)unit

Question 61

A production line is to be designed for a job with three tasks.The task times are 0.3 minutes, 1.4 minutes, and 0.7 minutes.The minimum cycle time in minutes is:

A)0.3
B)0.7
C)1.4
D)2.4
E)0.8

Question 62

Which of the following is not true about process layouts when they are compared to product layouts?

A)higher in-process inventories
B)lower span of supervision
C)lower rates of output
D)more involved cost accounting
E)lower unit costs

Question 63

The type of layout which features departments or other functional groupings in which similar activities are performed is:

A)process
B)product
C)fixed-position
D)mass
E)unit

Question 64

An example of automated services is

A)on-line banking
B)build your own pizza
C)haircuts
D)massage parlors
E)all are examples of automated services

Question 65

Which term is most closely associated with cellular manufacturing?

A)part families
B)assembly line
C)robotics
D)CAD
E)CAM

Question 66

A production line is to be designed for a job with three tasks.The task times are 0.4 minutes, 1.2 minutes, and 0.5 minutes.The maximum cycle time in minutes is:

A)0.3
B)0.7
C)1.4
D)2.1
E)0.8

Question 67

Layout design has many objectives, one of which is ______.

A)reduce bottlenecks
B)move materials and workers simultaneously
C)use workers and space efficiently
D)hold material handling costs to 27% or less
E)install computer terminals every 500 feet

Question 68

The grouping of equipment by the operations needed to perform similar work for part families is:

A)product layout
B)cellular manufacturing layout
C)functional layout
D)fixed-position layout
E)process layout

Question 69

The type of layout in which workers, materials, and equipment are moved to the product as needed is:

A)process
B)product
C)fixed-position
D)batch
E)mass

Question 70

Which one of the following is not considered an important factor in service layout design?

A)cost minimization and product flow
B)frequency of orders
C)customer attitude and image
D)all are important
E)none are important

Question 71

A service organization (for example, a hospital) is likely to use a ________ layout because of variability in customer processing requirements.

A)project
B)process
C)flow
D)assembly
E)non-repetitive

Question 72

Which of the following is not a characteristic of layout decisions in system design?

A)substantial investment of both money and effort
B)long-term commitment
C)significant impact on short-term efficiency
D)usually well-received by operative personnel
E)all of the above

Question 73

In which type of processing system would gasoline be produced from crude oil?

A)Job Shop
B)Batch
C)Assembly
D)Continuous
E)Project

Question 74

Product profiling links key product or service requirements to:

A)Market conditions
B)Order sizes
C)Pricing strategies
D)Schedule changes
E)Process capabilities

Question 75

Which phrase most closely describes flexible manufacturing systems?

A)a variation of CAD
B)a more fully automated version of cellular manufacturing
C)manufacturing resource planning
D)a process layout with a manufacturing overlay
E)an approach that allows workers to begin work at a time of their choosing

Question 76

Laser technology used in surgical procedures is an example of technological advances in:

A)Product
B)Service
C)Process
D)Information
E)Reverse Engineering

Question 77

The minimum possible cycle time in a product layout is determined by the:

A)longest task time
B)shortest task time
C)average task time
D)total task time
E)none of the above

Question 78

In a product layout, the task of deciding how to assign work to specific stations is referred to as:

A)process balancing
B)task allocation
C)line balancing
D)work allocation
E)station balancing

Question 79

Which type of processing system tends to produce the most product variety?

A)Assembly
B)Job-Shop
C)Batch
D)Continuous
E)Project

Question 80

Which one of the following is not common to product layouts?

A)a high rate of output
B)specialization of labor
C)low unit costs
D)ability to adjust to changes in demand
E)all are common