Deck 13: Union Representation and Collective Bargaining

Question 1

A free speech clause specifies that management has the right to express its opinion about unions to employees provided it does not threaten or promise favors to employees to obtain antiunion actions.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

One study found that relative to face-to-face negotiations,those conducted online yielded lower levels of interpersonal trust both before and after negotiations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

If the NLRB finds that either party engaged in unfair labor practices during an election campaign,the election results still stand but a thorough investigation is conducted and either side might be fined.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Workers will vote against unions if they feel unions abuse their power by calling strikes or having fat-cat leaders who selfishly promote their own interests at the expense of members' interests.

Question 5

Strikers engaged in activities protected by law may not be discharged,but they may be replaced during the strike.

Question 6

Multiple unions may represent different groups of employees who work for the same employer.

Question 7

Women,immigrants,and other minority-group members,who are expected to continue entering the workforce at a high rate,tend to favor unions.

Question 8

Economic and working conditions in unionized firms directly affect those in nonunionized firms,as managers strive to provide competitive working conditions for their employees.

Question 9

Management advantages during a campaign include that management can use company time and premises to stress the positive aspects of the current situation.

Question 10

Union membership is at an all time high today.

Question 11

During an organizing campaign,outside organizers may not solicit on premises if a company has an existing policy of prohibiting all forms of solicitation and if that policy has been enforced consistently.

Question 12

An organizing drive usually continues until the union obtains signed authorization cards from 75 percent of the employees,at which point it can petition the NLRB for a representation election.

Question 13

A work stoppage by employees must be the result of a secret ballot election and not in violation of an existing agreement between management and the union.

Question 14

Even under union bargaining pressures,wages are now far more responsive to customer feedback at the industry and firm levels than they traditionally have been.

Question 15

After a representation election is held,regardless of the outcome,no further elections can be held in that bargaining unit for one year.

Question 16

Managers who fail to treat workers with respect,or companies that view workers only as a cost invite collective action by employees to remedy these conditions.

Question 17

The labor movement began with the Industrial Revolution of the 19^th century.

Question 18

The group of employees eligible to vote in a representation election is called the bargaining unit.

Question 19

Under NLRB rules,an incumbent union cannot be decertified for a period of two years,even if a majority of employees within the bargaining unit vote to rescind the union's status as their collective bargaining agent.

Question 20

Under the Taft-Hartley Act,professional employees are forced into a bargaining unit with nonprofessionals.

Question 21

Rebel leaders within the AFL who wanted to organize unskilled workers into industrial unions contributed to the emergence of the:

A) laissez faire philosophy.
B) conspiracy doctrine.
C) Great Depression.
D) Congress of Industrial Organization.

Question 22

In a fact-finding procedure,each party submits whatever information it believes is relevant to a resolution of the dispute and then the union president makes a study of the evidence and prepares a report on the facts.

Question 23

Typical grievance rates in unionized employers are about 10 grievances per 100 employees per year.

Question 24

High grievance rates are a good indicator of poor labor relations programs.

Question 25

The most important human aspect at the end of a strike is the restoration of harmonious working relations as soon as possible so that full operations can resume.

Question 26

Generally an arbitration award cannot be appealed in court simply because one party believes the arbitrator made a mistake in interpreting an agreement.

Question 27

Many of the fastest-growing unions in the United States represent _____ (more than 51 percent of all union members).

A) white-collar professionals
B) blue-collar workers
C) immigrants
D) women

Question 28

All EXCEPT which factor made industrial unionization attractive in the 1930's?

A) the roaring 20's
B) the great depression
C) passage of labor friendly laws
D) emergence of rebel leaders within the AFL who wanted to organize industrial unions

Question 29

The first overt union activity in the United States took place in 1794 when the _____ attempted to raise their wages,in reaction to a wage cut by their employers.

A) Continental Congress
B) Philadelphia shoemakers
C) Boston silversmiths
D) New York seamstresses

Question 30

What Act created the National Labor Relations Board to supervise representation elections and to investigate charges of unfair labor practices by management?

A) The Norris-LaGuardia Act
B) The Wagner Act
C) The Civil Service Reform Act
D) The Fair Labor Standards Act

Question 31

Management's objective is to get labor costs per unit of output to a point below that of the _____ at the product-line level.

A) national average
B) competition
C) previous year
D) projected company goal

Question 32

The _______________ was organized in 1886 as a group of national craft unions:

A) metal workers.
B) railroad workers
C) American Federation of Labor
D) conspirators

Question 33

Fundamentally,labor-management relations are about _____ - who has it and how they use it.

A) motivation
B) money
C) power
D) political authority

Question 34

Throughout the rest of the world,union membership is highest in Spain and France.

Question 35

Among employees who see management as unwilling to share power,more than _____ percent say they would vote for a union.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 50
D) 70

Question 36

Strikers engaged in activities that are not protected by law must still be rehired after the strike.

Question 37

Generally,an arbitration award cannot be appealed in court simply because one party believes they made a mistake in interpreting an agreement.

Question 38

Distinctive features of the U.S.system compared with other countries includes:

A) exclusive representation
B) most agreements are fixed duration
C) decentralized collective bargaining
D) All of the above

Question 39

The most important aspect at the end of the strike is the restoration of harmonious working relations as soon as possible so that full operations can be resumed.

Question 40

During a strike,management is not allowed to promise benefits to strikers in an attempt to end the strike or to undermine the union.

Question 41

Federal-government employees are covered by the:

A) Civil Service Reform Act.
B) Taft-Hartley Act.
C) Railway Labor Act.
D) Landrum Griffin Act.

Question 42

The NLRB defines a bargaining unit that reflects the shared interests of the employees involved in a concept called:

A) arbitration.
B) collective bargaining agreement.
C) agency shop.
D) community of interest.

Question 43

Because _____ is most likely to occur the first year or so after certification,unions will often insist on multiyear contracts.

A) decertification
B) dissatisfaction
C) employer retaliation
D) collective bargaining

Question 44

The proposed ____________ would make card check recognition of the union automatic.

A) Dues checkoff
B) An NLRB sponsored election
C) Employee Free Choice Act
D) A petition

Question 45

Employees engaged in this type of strike are afforded the highest degree of protection,and under most circumstances they are entitled to reinstatement after the strike ends.

A) Sit-down strike
B) Unfair labor practice strike
C) Sympathy strike
D) Wildcat strike

Question 46

The _____ of the bargaining unit is critical for both the union and employer because it is strongly related to the outcome of the representation election.

A) size
B) location
C) ethnic diversity
D) professional to nonprofessional ratio

Question 47

Under federal law,how much time does a union have as an exclusive representative to reach a contract for the newly organized workers?

A) 6 months
B) 3 months
C) 18 months
D) 12 months

Question 48

Under the _____,professional employees cannot be forced into a bargaining unit with nonprofessionals without their majority consent.

A) Norris-LaGuardia Act
B) Civil Service Reform Act
C) Taft-Hartley Act
D) Fair Labor Standards Act

Question 49

The Japanese value _____ and tend to resolve conflict by emphasizing status differences between the parties.

A) multitasking
B) egalitarianism
C) collectivism
D) explicit contracting

Question 50

When _____ fail,the union may strike,management may shut down operations,or both parties may appeal for third-party involvement.

A) secret ballot elections
B) decertification initiatives
C) secondary boycotts
D) contract negotiations

Question 51

Which of the following actions is management prohibited by law from participating in?

A) physical interference
B) disciplining employees for pro-union activities
C) promises to provide future benefits
D) All of the above

Question 52

Which of the following practices by management is NOT prohibited by law?

A) Physical interference,threats,or violent behavior toward union organizers.
B) Using company time and premises to stress the disadvantages of unionization.
C) Discipline or discharge of employees for pro-union activities.
D) Interference with employees involved with the organizing drive.

Question 53

What strategy would American managers most likely use to negotiate conflict?

A) individualism
B) collectivism
C) explicit contracting
D) hierarchy

Question 54

Several unions left the AFL-CIO in 2005 to form:

A) Refusal to Deal
B) Jurisdictional Strikers
C) Change to Win

Question 55

In win-lose,or _____,the goals of the parties initially are irreconcilable,or at least they appear that way.

A) soft bargaining
B) integrative bargaining
C) distributive bargaining
D) principled negotiation

Question 56

In win-win,or _____,the goals of the parties are not mutually exclusive.

A) distributive bargaining
B) integrative bargaining
C) hard bargaining
D) competitive bargaining

Question 57

The right of employees to strike in support of their bargaining demands is protected by:

A) the Landrum-Griffin Act.
B) state law.
C) collective bargaining agreements.
D) the Taft-Hartley Act.

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a way in which to kick off an organizing campaign?

A) Employees themselves begin it.
B) National and international unions contact employees in organizations that have been targeted for organizing.
C) Management steps in and provides relevant information to the employees.
D) Employees request that a union begin one for them.

Question 59

Whenever an organizing drive begins,employees are asked to sign _____ that designate the union as the employees' exclusive representation in bargaining with management.

A) union letters of intent
B) liability waivers
C) exclusive contracts
D) authorization cards

Question 60

The group of employees eligible to vote in the representation election is termed a(n):

A) community of interest.
B) bargaining unit.
C) agency shop.
D) general union.

Question 61

____ include work stoppages,both lawful and unlawful,such as sit-down strikes,strikes in violation of federal laws,slowdowns,wildcat strikes that occur while a contract is in force,and partial walkouts.

A) Unprotected strikes
B) Unfair labor practice strikes
C) Sympathy strikes
D) Economic strikes

Question 62

Why have unions experienced a drop in membership over the past two decades?

Question 63

What is the essence of a labor union?

Question 64

What are the four illegal management activities that TIPS stands for?

Question 65

List and define four types of strikes.

Question 66

In recent years,unions have lost power as a result of six interrelated factors.Name three.

Question 67

What are the major sections of a typical collective bargaining agreement in the United States?

Question 68

A(n)_____ is an alleged violation of the rights of workers on the job.

A) union accusation
B) complaint
C) closed complaint
D) grievance

Question 69

List two specific reasons employees join unions.

Question 70

_____ is when employers seek to avoid unionization by offering workers the wages,benefits,and working conditions that rival unionized firms do.

A) Bargaining savoir-faire
B) Equitable arbitration
C) Spillover effect
D) Matched cause

Question 71

A _____ occurs when parties are unable to move further toward settlement.

A) bargaining impasse
B) lockout
C) mediation
D) grievance

Question 72

_________ is used like fact finding but primarily in the public sector.

A) Fact-finding
B) Interest arbitration
C) Wildcat resolution
D) Intercession

Question 73

Which of the following is used widely by management and labor to settle disputes arising out of and during the term of a labor contract?

A) Lockouts
B) Grievance arbitration
C) Complaint mediation
D) Bargaining hearings

Question 74

During a strike,_____ on streets and sidewalks may be a violation of state law or local ordinances.

A) congregating
B) marching with signs
C) profanity
D) sitting

Question 75

The role of the line manager in grievance procedures is to know and understand _____,as well as federal and state labor laws.

A) the collective bargaining contract
B) the personality of the accusing worker
C) company policy
D) local labor laws

Question 76

What are the unfair labor practice provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947? Be sure to specify which applies to unions and which applies to management.

Question 77

The Taft-Hartley Act covers most private-sector employers and nonmanagerial employees,except railroad and airline employees.Why?

Question 78

What does labor relations generally mean for employers?

Question 79

Actions by the union of withdrawing its labor in support of bargaining demands,including those for recognition or organization,are:

A) unfair labor practice strikes.
B) unprotected strikes.
C) sympathy strikes.
D) economic strikes.

Question 80

In a(n)_____,employees need not join the union that represents them,but,in lieu of dues,they must pay a service charge for representation.

A) union shop
B) preferential shop
C) agency shop
D) closed shop