Deck 6: Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques

Question 1

The waterfall methodology is:

A)a sequential,activity-based process in which one phase of the SDLC is followed by another.
B)an assessment methodology that ensures quality applications.
C)an outsource development methodology to information systems.
D)a process management technique that identifies and includes end users and management in the SDLC.

Answer 1

A
Explanation: The waterfall methodology is a sequential,activity-based process in which one phase of the SDLC is followed by another,from planning through implementation.

Question 2

The SDLC contains seven phases.Which phase is devoted to creating a solid plan for developing your information system?

A)Initiation
B)Planning
C)Design
D)Analysis

Answer 2

B
Explanation: During the planning phase of the SDLC you create a solid plan for developing your information system.

Question 3

What document defines the what,when,and who questions of systems development including all activities to be performed,the individuals,or resources,who will perform the activities,and the time required to complete each activity?

A)Requirements
B)Project plan
C)Project milestones
D)Critical success factors

Answer 3

B
Explanation: The project plan defines the what,when,and who questions of systems development including all activities to be performed,the individuals,or resources,who will perform the activities,and the time required to complete each activity.The project plan is the guiding force behind ensuring the on time delivery of a complete and successful information system.

Question 4

_____ represent key dates by which you need a certain group of activities performed.

A)Enduring goals
B)Business plans
C)Feature creeps
D)Project milestones

Question 5

The systems development life cycle (SDLC)is:

A)a method for testing new IT applications.
B)a structured approach for developing information systems.
C)the analysis and assessment tasks that need to be completed when designing and developing information systems.
D)a set of guidelines that an end user follows when developing their own business applications.

Question 6

What is the difference between insourcing and selfsourcing?

A)Selfsourcing requires the use of internal consultants;insourcing requires staff from the IT department.
B)Selfsourcing is self-regulating;insourcing requires internal quality controls.
C)Selfsourcing allows for end user development;insourcing requires internal IT staff.
D)Selfsourcing allows for one person to complete the systems development life cycle;insourcing is a team effort.

Question 7

Which of the following systems development techniques requires IT specialists that are in-house to develop information systems?

A)Outsourcing
B)Insourcing
C)In-house specialization
D)Selfsourcing

Question 8

Which of the following occurs when the scope of the project increases beyond its original intentions?

A)Scope creep
B)Feature creep
C)Milestone
D)Rolling stone

Question 9

Which of the following systems development techniques allows end users to develop information systems?

A)Outsourcing
B)Insourcing
C)Netsourcing
D)Selfsourcing

Question 10

When IT specialists and end users meet in one location to define and review the business requirements of a proposed system,the meeting is called a ____.

A)requirements meeting
B)planning and analysis meeting
C)joint application development session
D)rapid prototyping

Question 11

Once all the business requirements are defined,you must prioritize them in order of business importance and place them in a formal comprehensive document,called a(n)____.

A)requirements assessment document
B)requirements definition document
C)document of requisites
D)essential requirements document

Question 12

Which phase in the SDLC involves end users and IT specialist working together to gather,understand,and document the business requirements for the proposed system?

A)Initiation
B)Planning
C)Design
D)Analysis

Question 13

Business requirements are:

A)the strategic and tactical goals that a business establishes for itself that software must align with.
B)the detailed set of requests that the proposed information system must meet to be successful.
C)the planning documents identifying the characteristics and functionality of the proposed information system.
D)the logical designs for the proposed information system.

Question 14

"The proposed information system must connect 25,000 employees,working in five satellite sites of Europe,U.S. ,and Africa" is an example of a(n)____.

A)company mission
B)milestone
C)feature creep
D)business requirement

Question 15

_____ defines and develops the project plan,and tracks the plan to ensure that all key project milestones are completed on time.

A)End user
B)Project manager
C)Project executive
D)IT Administrator

Question 16

Which of the following systems development techniques delegate development tasks to a third party for a specified cost,period of time,and level of service?

A)Netsourcing
B)Outsourcing
C)Insourcing
D)Selfsourcing

Question 17

Which of the following occurs when developers and end users add extra features that were not part of the initial requirements?

A)Scope creep
B)Feature creep
C)Milestone
D)Rolling stone

Question 18

If you were developing marketing strategies and you decided to create a database that tracked the progress of your marketing efforts,what kind of development would you be engaging in?

A)Outsourcing
B)Netsourcing
C)Selfsourcing
D)Insourcing

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of a proposed system that is essential to the success of your organization?

A)Quality and essence metric
B)Vital requirement
C)Critical success factor
D)Essential design feature

Question 20

A project scope document is:

A)a document that outlines the project's strategy,the responsibilities of project team members,and the assessment measures that will determine the rate of success
B)a one-paragraph statement about the scope of the proposed project
C)a detailed document identifying the goals,scope and strategy for the proposed project
D)a document that identifies the parameters or boundaries of the proposed system and how it fits into existing systems

Question 21

To ensure that the newly developed information systems functions properly,what should you create that lists the expected steps that the system should perform and expected results from these steps?

A)Requirement documents
B)Test conditions
C)Design specifications
D)Logical design specifications

Question 22

The primary goal of which phase in the SDLC is to build a technical blueprint of how the proposed system will work?

A)Design
B)Planning
C)Analysis
D)Development

Question 23

When you install the system,you must provide employees with _____ that highlights how to use the system.

A)test conditions
B)user documentation
C)technical architecture
D)requirements definition document

Question 24

What is the difference between extreme programming (XP)and the agile methodology to software development?

A)XP focuses on component-base development;the agile methodology focuses on the RAD.
B)XP uses prototyping;the agile methodology does not.
C)Agile methodology involves users much more than XP.
D)XP focuses more on team coding;the agile methodology focuses on limiting project scope.

Question 25

What is the difference between the implementation phase and the maintenance phase?

A)The implementation phase creates the physical design (code)and tests it;the maintenance phase places it into operations.
B)The implementation phase monitors new systems to ensure that they are working properly;the maintenance phase makes minor adjustments when needed to meet existing business goals.
C)The maintenance phase monitors new systems to ensure that they are working properly;the implementation phase makes minor adjustments when needed to meet new business goals.
D)The maintenance phase monitors and adjusts new and existing systems;the implementation phase places new systems into operation.

Question 26

Which of the following methodologies emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes?

A)SDLC
B)Waterfall modeling
C)Project scoping
D)Rapid application development (RAD)

Question 27

_____ verifies that separate systems can work together.

A)Unit testing
B)System testing
C)Integration testing
D)User acceptance testing

Question 28

The SDLC contains seven phases.Which phase transforms the design into an actual system?

A)Design
B)Expansion
C)Development
D)Transformation

Question 29

Which of the following is considered a technical architecture for a proposed system?

A)A description of the needed hardware,software,and telecommunications equipment.
B)A drawing or graphical representation of the proposed system including proposed screens,reports,software,and databases.
C)A logical model that defines the structure of needed modules and sub modules and their interrelationships.
D)The needed data structures,definitions and business rules.

Question 30

Which phase in the SDLC verifies that the system works and meets all the business requirements developed in the analysis phase?

A)Development
B)Transformation
C)Implementation
D)Testing

Question 31

If you were to implement the new system while the existing system continued to run,what type of implementation method would you be following?

A)Pilot implementation
B)Phase implementation
C)Parallel implementation
D)Plunge implementation

Question 32

The SDLC contains seven phases.Which phase distributes the system to all the users so that they can use it to perform their jobs?

A)Implementation
B)Testing
C)Maintenance
D)Expansion

Question 33

_____ focuses on building small self-contained blocks of code that can be reused across a variety of applications within an organization.

A)Rapid prototyping
B)Project scoping
C)Agile development
D)Component-based development

Question 34

If you were to allow only a select group of people to use the new system so that you could determine if it was working correctly,what type of implementation method would you be following?

A)Pilot implementation
B)Parallel implementation
C)Plunge implementation
D)Phase implementation

Question 35

Which of the following methodologies breaks a project into tiny phases;programmers must develop the code for each phase before they can continue to the next phase?

A)Project milestones
B)Extreme programming
C)Operational prototyping
D)Design and build prototyping

Question 36

_____ is a form of XP,which aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components.

A)The agile methodology
B)The service-oriented architecture
C)Vista
D)Macintosh

Question 37

What is the difference between the design phase and the analysis phase?

A)The analysis phase follows the design phase and examines the requirements developed during the design phase.
B)The design phase creates the code from the logical requirements developed in the analysis phase.
C)Analysis and design belong to the same phase and create an iterative process between the two activities.
D)The design phase takes the requirements developed in the analysis phase and creates a design based on that.

Question 38

_____ is a high-level,holistic organizational approach to how your organization views and acts on all its software needs.

A)Service-oriented architecture
B)Rapid prototyping
C)RAD
D)XP

Question 39

_____ training is most suitable for difficult systems for which employees need one-on-one time with an individual instructor.

A)Online
B)Virtual
C)Workshop
D)Correspondence

Question 40

During the _____ phase of the SDLC,the new system is monitored and supported to ensure it continues to meet the business goals.

A)implementation
B)testing
C)maintenance
D)operations

Question 41

Because end users work with a wide range of data,what toolset should they select for selfsourcing support?

A)Sophisticated GUI development
B)Online meeting software
C)Collaboration software
D)Database management systems

Question 42

What is used to prove the technical feasibility of a proposed system?

A)Technical prototype
B)Virtual Prototype
C)Proof-of-concept prototype
D)Selling prototype

Question 43

Which of the following is not an advantage of selfsourcing?

A)It increases the speed of systems development.
B)It analyses the various design alternatives which lead to subpar IT systems.
C)It increases end user participation and sense of ownership.
D)It improves requirements determination.

Question 44

Which of the following is an advantage of prototyping?

A)Encourages active user participation
B)Helps resolve discrepancies among end users
C)Gives users a feel for the final system
D)All of the above

Question 45

A prototype you use to convince people of the worth of a proposed system is a(n)____.

A)buying prototype
B)physical prototype
C)proof-of-concept prototype
D)selling prototype

Question 46

If you were constructing a legal document for your software vendor that stipulated needed requirements,schedules,costs,acceptance criteria,and assessment metrics,what would you be creating?

A)Service level agreement
B)Critical milestones
C)Critical success factors
D)Request for proposal

Question 47

What group of people knows little about IT but a lot about their own domain?

A)Domain experts
B)Project managers
C)End users
D)Field professionals

Question 48

_____ is a formal document that describes in detail your logical requirements for a proposed system and invites vendors to submit bids for its development.

A)Requirements document
B)Design specification
C)Request for proposal (RFP)
D)Project scope document

Question 49

What type of selfsourcing development tool is paramount to the success of the proposed software?

A)Easy to use development tools
B)Evolutionary prototyping tools
C)Extreme programming (XP)tools
D)Video editing tools

Question 50

_____ is the development and support of IT systems by knowledge workers with little or no help from IT specialists.

A)End-user involvement
B)Outsourcing
C)Insourcing
D)Requirements definition

Question 51

_____ is the process of building a model that demonstrates the features of a proposed product,service,or system.

A)RAD
B)XP
C)Prototyping
D)Modeling

Question 52

What is the trend called when a U.S.company outsources IT functions to other countries that are geographically far away?

A)Foreign outsourcing
B)Offshore outsourcing
C)External outsourcing
D)Outer outsourcing

Question 53

According to the Outsourcing Research Council,which business function is the top outsourcing area for many contemporary companies?

A)IT
B)Accounting
C)Human Resources
D)Finance

Question 54

Which of the following is a potential risk of selfsourcing?

A)Reduced technological know-how for future innovation.
B)Lack of documentation and external support leads to short-lived systems.
C)Reduced degree of control.
D)Increased dependency on outside organizations.

Question 55

What is the first step in the prototyping process?

A)Revise and enhance the prototype
B)Develop initial prototype
C)Identify basic requirements
D)End user reviewing

Question 56

If your U.S.-based company were to hire a vendor located in New York City,you would be using _____ outsourcing.

A)nearshore
B)domestic
C)onshore
D)interior

Question 57

If your U.S.-based company were to hire a vendor from Mexico City,you would be using _____ outsourcing.

A)offshore
B)onshore
C)nearshore
D)exterior

Question 58

What is the fourth and last step in the prototyping process?

A)Identify basic requirements
B)Develop initial prototype
C)Users reviewing
D)Revise and enhance the prototype

Question 59

Which of the following is a disadvantage to prototyping?

A)Prototyping does not encourage active user participation.
B)Prototyping does not give an indication of performance under operational conditions.
C)Prototyping does not help determine technical feasibility.
D)Prototyping does not help resolve discrepancies among users.

Question 60

Which SDLC phase is performed with both internal software development and outsourcing?

A)Design
B)Development
C)Maintenance
D)Analysis

Question 61

The systems development life cycle is an unstructured approach for developing information systems.

Question 62

The project plan defines the what,when,and who questions of system development.

Question 63

The XP methodology,unlike the RAD methodology,relies heavily on reusing existing software components contained in a software library.

Question 64

Project scope clearly defines the high-level system requirements.

Question 65

Scope creep and feature creep lead to better systems development projects.

Question 66

Once a system has been created and implemented,no changes should be made to it.

Question 67

Plunge implementation discards the old system completely and immediately uses the new system.

Question 68

The agile methodology is similar to XP but with more focus on team coding and less on limiting project scope.

Question 69

Online training is excellent when employees need one-on-one time with a trainer.

Question 70

One of the reasons for XP's success is that it stresses customer satisfaction.

Question 71

Users are usually involved in the testing phase as they are the most familiar with the business requirements and test conditions.

Question 72

Sign-off occurs when users and IT specialists meet to define or review the business requirements for the system.

Question 73

Joint application development is a meeting between users and IT specialists to define and review business requirements for the project.

Question 74

Extreme programming (XP)methodology breaks the project down into many smaller pieces or phases.

Question 75

Which of the following is an advantage of outsourcing?

A)Increases technical know-how for future innovation
B)Reduces costs
C)Increases degree of control
D)Reduces vulnerability of your strategic information

Question 76

During the development phase,you develop a technical blueprint of how the proposed system will work.

Question 77

Which of the following is a disadvantage of outsourcing?

A)It acquires outdated technology.
B)It increases dependency on other organizations.
C)It decreases performance accountability.
D)It cannot predict future costs.

Question 78

Rapid application development discourages end user involvement as it tends to slow down the systems development process.

Question 79

Adding additional features that were not part of the initial project definition is an example of scope creep.

Question 80

Component based development is a general approach to systems development that focuses on building small self-contained blocks of code that can be reused across a variety of applications within an organization.