Deck 10: Managing Careers

Question 1

The rapid growth of technology and the accelerating development of new knowledge require that a person in midlife make some sort of change for his/her own survival.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Over the next twenty years,the percentage of the U.S.labor force age 55 and older will increase,while the percentage of workers age 25-54 will shrink significantly.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

From the organization's point of view,there are four broad types of internal moves: up,down,in,and out.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Providing family benefits promotes a dedicated,loyal workforce among people who benefit directly from the policies,as well as from those who do not.

Question 5

A mentor's role is to be a culture carrier,to teach new hires the ropes,to provide candid feedback on how they are being perceived by others,and to serve as a confidential sounding board for dealing with work-related problems.

Question 6

Research has shown that it costs more to prepare older workers for a job.

Question 7

Whereas male midlife crises are more likely to begin with family events or problems,women's are more likely to be driven by work or career issues.

Question 8

Career planning is important because the consequences of career success or failure are linked closely to each individual's self-concept,identity,and satisfaction with career life.

Question 9

Organizational entry refers to the mutual adaptation of the new employee and the new employer to one another.

Question 10

Career planning and development may be meaningless unless an employee's role as a community leader also is considered,particularly when this role conflicts with work activities.

Question 11

A career should be shaped more by the organization than the individual.

Question 12

Dual-career couples represent only a small portion of married couples.

Question 13

Career paths represent logical and possible sequences of positions that could be held,based on an analysis of what people actually do in an organization.

Question 14

The older people are,the more control they feel in technology,generation X,and globalization,but the less control they feel over their work,finances,and marriage.

Question 15

Guidelines for switching organizations include selecting a field of employment,knowing where you are,and planning your exit.

Question 16

Myths about psychological landmarks of midlife,such as the "empty-nest syndrome," the "midlife crisis," and the menopausal "change of life" have little scientific basis.

Question 17

Ultimately it is the supervisor's responsibility to develop and implement a cost-effective career planning program.

Question 18

An important lesson for managers is that all models of adult life-cycle states should be viewed as broad guidelines rather than as exact representations of reality.

Question 19

Both the demand for and the supply of older workers will continue to expand.

Question 20

Rapidly changing technology,shifting organizational structures,and global marketplace dynamics have transformed mentoring into a process that often extends beyond the services of a female mentor.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a reason employer-supported child care will continue to grow?

A)Many executives are starting families later in life and finding a personal need for convenient child care.
B)Dual-career couples now comprise a preponderance of the workforce.
C)More and more,career-oriented women are arranging their lives to include motherhood and professional goals.
D)There has been a significant rise in the number of single parents who use child care facilities.

Question 22

The ultimate goal in the "new world" of career management is:

A)rising aspirations.
B)executive ranking.
C)psychological success.
D)time off when you need it.

Question 23

Research indicates that individuals who have been bypassed for promotion often feel they have not been treated fairly,their commitment decreases,and their absenteeism increases.

Question 24

Traditionally,career success has been defined as:

A)occupational advancement.
B)a satisfying joB.
C)a good relationship with the boss.
D)making higher than expected income.

Question 25

A career that consists of a sense of where a person is going in his or her work life is the ________ career

A)subjective
B)objective
C)specific
D)general

Question 26

The keys to success in an early retirement program are to identify,before the incentives are offered,exactly which jobs are targeted for attrition and to understand the needs of the employees targeted to leave.

Question 27

Compared to a 35- to 40-year old job seeker,it takes almost 25 percent longer for a 46- to 50-year-old,and 65 percent longer for a 50- to 60-year-old to find a job.

Question 28

With respect to layoffs,generous benefits provided to victims tend to be associated with higher intentions to quit on the part of survivors.

Question 29

Employee demotions occur frequently because they tend to be accompanied by problems of employee apathy,depression,and inefficiency that can undermine the morale of a work group.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT important in assessing where you are in your career?

A)Always be aware of opportunities available to you in your current position.
B)Carefully and honestly assess your current performance.
C)Try to recognize when you and your organization have outlived your utility for each other.
D)Never accept short-term trade-offs for long-term benefits.

Question 31

For some employees,early retirement is a possible alternative to being laid off.

Question 32

Dual career couples now comprise _____ percent of the workforce.

A)5
B)15
C)48
D)75

Question 33

Female workers are less likely to be transferred,although this situation is changing.

Question 34

You should plan to exit an organization only when:

A)it is convenient for the organization.
B)you have landed another joB.
C)you think you are not being paid what you are worth.
D)you have a disagreement with your supervisor.

Question 35

The average cost of relocating a home-owning current employee now exceeds $76,000,but the costs for renters and home-owning new hires are much higher.

Question 36

Many managers prefer to discharge or to move employees laterally rather than demote them.

Question 37

Among baby boomers,10 percent say they plan to do at least some work after they "retire."

Question 38

In managing careers,organizations should:

A)plan for shorter employment relationships.
B)focus primarily on employee needs and aspirations.
C)allow employees to structure work assignments.
D)focus mainly on the needs of minorities and women.

Question 39

In selecting a field of employment and an employer,all of the following guidelines should be followed EXCEPT:

A)you cannot manage your career unless you have a focused,immediate objective.
B)view every potential employer and position in terms of your long-range career goal.
C)accept short-term trade-offs for long-term benefits.
D)consider carefully whether to accept highly specialized or isolated job assignments that might restrict/impede your career development.

Question 40

In most states the cost of center based child care for an infant exceeds _____ percent of median income.

A)2
B)10
C)25
D)50

Question 41

Which of the following is a fact about older workers?

A)They function well if constantly interrupted.
B)Their costs of health care are lower than younger,married workers with children.
C)They do not get along well with other employees.
D)They are inflexible about the types of work they will perform.

Question 42

Instead of upward mobility,more organizations in the future will be encouraging workers to "find rewards and happiness" in _____ mobility.

A)lateral
B)downward
C)cyclical
D)spherical

Question 43

Cumulative research evidence across three large-scale meta-analyses indicates that in both professional and unprofessional jobs,age and job performance are generally:

A)mutually exclusive.
B)important factors to consider in the hiring process.
C)unrelated.
D)negatively linkeD.

Question 44

Demand and supply of this work group will continue to expand.

A)caucasion.
B)military veterans
C)generation y
D)older workers

Question 45

Which of the following statements about older workers is true?

A)Older workers tend to be absent less frequently than younger workers.
B)It costs more to prepare older workers for a joB.
C)Older workers are less productive than younger workers.
D)Regardless of length of experience,the older the employee,the higher the accident rate.

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a reason that organizational career management systems sometimes fail?

A)Career plans are too time consuming and amount to too much busy work.
B)Employees believe that supervisors do not care about their career development.
C)Neither the employee nor the organization is fully aware of the employee's needs and organizational constraints.
D)Career plans are developed without regard for the support systems necessary to fulfill the plans.

Question 47

The view that a career will suffer unless quick,early promotions occur is called:

A)signaling theory.
B)the up-or-out model.
C)early promotion theory.
D)the tournament model.

Question 48

The process of "moving inside" or becoming more involved in a particular organization is:

A)organizational entry.
B)integration.
C)socialization.
D)organizational learning.

Question 49

Evidence now indicates that the older people are,the more control they feel over:

A)health.
B)children.
C)sex.
D)finances.

Question 50

All of the following are personal characteristics that tend to be associated with low obsolescence EXCEPT:

A)high intellectual ability.
B)low self-motivation.
C)personal flexibility.
D)lack of rigidity.

Question 51

For many workers,the midlife transition is accompanied on the job with a(n):

A)promotion to senior management.
B)career plateau.
C)opportunity to increase their salaries.
D)demotion to entry-level.

Question 52

The usual ownership form of the PSF is a(n):

A)limited liability company.
B)partnership.
C)corporation.
D)sole proprietorship.

Question 53

Which theory suggests that those responsible for promotion may use prior history of promotions,functional-area background,and number of different jobs held?

A)Life cycle theory
B)Signaling theory
C)Communication theory
D)Tournament theory

Question 54

An important psychological need at _____ is to build something lasting,something that will be a permanent contribution to the organization or profession.

A)orientation
B)performance review time
C)midcareer
D)college graduation

Question 55

Older workers say their biggest problem is:

A)discrimination by would-be employers who underestimate their skills.
B)their training performance is slightly lower than that of younger workers.
C)costs of health care for illness which is often chroniC.
D)the stereotype of older workers as difficult colleagues.

Question 56

A _____ role is to be a culture carrier,to teach new hires the ropes,to provide candid feedback on hor they are being perceived by others,and to serve as a confidential sounding board for dealing with work-related problems.

A)mod squads
B)PC teams
C)mentors.
D)gender-specific panels

Question 57

Travelers Corporation has begun to draw on a previously untapped source of workers with experience,namely:

A)senior managers.
B)board members.
C)retirees.
D)skilled employees "poached" from other firms.

Question 58

Older managers meet with younger subordinates to learn about new technology and electronic commerce in:

A)reverse mentoring.
B)diversity training.
C)coaching.
D)socialization.

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT important to the socialization process?

A)Learning organizational policies
B)Developing a stereotype of the organization
C)Getting to know one's peers
D)Getting to know your supervisor

Question 60

_________ represent logical and possible sequences of positions that could be held,based on an analysis of what people actually do in an organization.

A)Career aspirations
B)Job goals
C)Job plans
D)Career paths

Question 61

The ongoing mix of work,leisure,and education many retirees now want has been called:

A)potpourri retirement.
B)blended life course.
C)life cycle leisure.
D)impractical.

Question 62

Which type of quitter plans in advance to quit at a specific time in the future,such as at age 60?

A)Forward-looking
B)Conditional
C)Organized
D)Preplanned

Question 63

"I will quit as soon as I get another job offer that meets certain conditions" is a view held by:

A)impulsive quitters.
B)comparison quitters.
C)conditional quitters.
D)preplanned quitters.

Question 64

_____ quiters rationally evaluate alternative jobs and are relatively free of strong negative emotions toward their employers.

A)Comparison
B)Impulse
C)Preplanned
D)Conditional

Question 65

According to a survey by the Employee Relocation Council,the prototypical transferee is a(n):

A)unmarried 30-year-old male.
B)female worker.
C)unmarried single 30-year-old female with no children.
D)married 37-year-old male with children.

Question 66

The main reason for refusal of relocations in 2009 was:

A)the depressed housing market
B)the cost of childcare nationwide
C)the increase in gas prices
D)the ability to find a new job

Question 67

What is the cause of 81 percent of relocation refusals?

Question 68

Write a short note on demotions.

Question 69

All of the following involve employees moving out of the organization EXCEPT:

A)layoffs.
B)retirements.
C)resignations.
D)demotions.

Question 70

Which of the following statements about demotions is true?

A)Many managers prefer to demote employees rather than discharge them or move them laterally.
B)They occur frequently because they tend to be accompanied by problems of employee apathy.
C)Employee demotions within a firm usually involve a cut in pay,status,privilege,or opportunity.
D)In 98 percent of the cases,demotion is mutually satisfactory to the organization and to the affected employee.

Question 71

What should a good career path program entail?

Question 72

What are some of the challenges faced by dual-career couples?

Question 73

What is the most persuasive reason for helping employees manage their own careers?

Question 74

What is the intention of early retirement programs?

Question 75

Write a short note on the four types of "quitters."

Question 76

_____ quitters rationally evaluate alternative jobs and are relatively free of strong negative emotions toward their former employers.

A)Comparison
B)Impulsive
C)Preplanned
D)Conditional

Question 77

List some of the features that characterize boundaryless careers.

Question 78

_____ quitters resign "on the spot" without any advance planning.

A)Reckless
B)Comparison
C)Impulsive
D)Conditional

Question 79

List some of the advantages and purposes of mentor programs.

Question 80

The concept of employer-sponsored dependent care has been expanded to include what four things?