Deck 12: Organizational Change and Culture

Question 1

Refreezing is the change process in which employees learn the new desirable behavior, values, and attitudes.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Culture is employees' perception of the atmosphere of the internal environment.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Organizational climate is the relatively enduring quality of the internal environment of the organization as perceived by its members.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

According to Lewin's change model, unfreezing involves reducing the forces maintaining the status quo.

Question 5

Evaluative objectives are used as the basis of administrative decisions to reward or punish past performance.

Question 6

Force field analysis is particularly useful for group problem solving.

Question 7

Identifying possible resistance to the change is the first step in Lussier change model.

Question 8

Culture is based on shared values and assumptions of "how" things should be done, while climate is based on shared perceptions of the "way" things are done.

Question 9

An organizational culture is considered positive when it has norms that contribute to effective performance and productivity.

Question 10

Employees who participate in developing changes are more committed to them than employees who have changes assigned to them.

Question 11

According to the change process, once people get over the initial shock and realize that change is going to be a reality, they accept the change.

Question 12

All organizations with clear values that are shared to the extent of similar behavior have weak cultures.

Question 13

The integration of both people and technology is known as creating a sociotechnical system.

Question 14

Confronting people by persuading them that their facts, beliefs, and values are wrong is one of the major methods to overcome resistance to change.

Question 15

Morale is commonly measured on a continuum ranging from high to low morale, based on the seven dimensions of climate.

Question 16

Development is the process of developing the necessary technical skills of nonmanagers to perform the present job.

Question 17

Automation refers to how the organization transforms inputs into outputs.

Question 18

Culture is learned through observing and interacting with employees, events, and training.

Question 19

Organizational culture is learned primarily through seminars and manuals.

Question 20

One of the reasons people resist change is because the prospect of learning something new itself produces anxiety.

Question 21

"Anvil, the steel company changed its organization chart from hierarchical to flat." Which of the following types of change does this represent?

A) Technological change
B) People change
C) Structural change
D) Task change

Question 22

"Why should I do it when I am paid the least compared to the others?" Identify the resistance to change reflected from this statement.

A) Beliefs about self
B) Facts about self
C) Values pertaining to self
D) Facts about the work environment

Question 23

"Ron Peters, the founder of Culminate, delivered an inspirational speech at the National Conference on Entrepreneurship." Which of the following is associated with this statement?

A) Organizational climate
B) Organizational culture
C) Organizational structure
D) Organizational development

Question 24

_____ are formal systems for collecting, processing, and disseminating the data necessary to aid managers in decision making.

A) Management information systems
B) Learning management systems
C) Content management systems
D) Local information systems

Question 25

Which of the following is a method to overcome resistance to change?

A) Direct Confrontation
B) Minimal advance notice
C) Use of power and ethical politics
D) Reduce employee involvement

Question 26

The integration of both people and technology is known as creating a _____.

A) technostructure
B) sociotechnical system
C) public automation
D) hybrid positioning system

Question 27

"I've never done this job before." Which of the following resistance to change is reflected from this statement?

A) Facts about the work environment
B) Facts about self
C) Values pertaining to self
D) Beliefs about self

Question 28

"Mr. Robinson will be in charge of the biology department from now on." Which of the following types of change does this represent?

A) Technological change
B) People change
C) Demographic change
D) Structural change

Question 29

Which of the following is the final step in Lussier's change model?

A) Controlling the change
B) Identifying possible resistance to the change
C) Implementing the change
D) Planning the change

Question 30

"The new laser printer will expedite the printing process." Which of the following types of change does this represent?

A) Task change
B) People change
C) Structural change
D) Technological change

Question 31

Which of the following is the first step in Lussier's change model?

A) Identifying possible resistance to the change
B) Controlling the change
C) Planning the change
D) Defining the change

Question 32

Organizational _____ consists of the shared values and assumptions of how its members will behave.

A) climate
B) development
C) dynamics
D) culture

Question 33

"John will have to perform the additional work of proof reading with his regular filing job." Which of the following types of change does this represent?

A) Task change
B) People change
C) Demographic change
D) Technological change

Question 34

"I don't think I can do it better than Sandra." Which of the following resistance to change is best reflected from this statement?

A) Facts about the work environment
B) Facts about self
C) Values pertaining to self
D) Beliefs about others

Question 35

Which of the following is the first step of Lewin's change model?

A) Unfreezing
B) Moving
C) Refreezing
D) Resisting

Question 36

"Mark has been invited to attend his company's annual dinner for outstanding performers." Which of the following is associated with this statement?

A) Organizational culture
B) Organizational climate
C) Organizational structure
D) Organizational development

Question 37

Which of the following ways would a blocker adopt to resist change?

A) Accepts it's a good idea but doesn't do it
B) Would do it but in free time
C) Suggests someone else to do it
D) Wouldn't want to do it that way

Question 38

In which of the following steps of Lewin's change model do employees learn the new desirable behavior, values, and attitudes?

A) Unfreezing
B) Refreezing
C) Moving
D) Freezing

Question 39

"I spent all day yesterday doing this job. It's not my turn today." Which of the following sources of resistance does this statement represent?

A) Facts about the work environment
B) Beliefs about the work environment
C) Values pertaining to the work environment
D) Beliefs about self

Question 40

In which of the following steps of Lewin's change model does the desirable performance become the permanent way of doing things?

A) Unfreezing
B) Refreezing
C) Moving
D) Freezing

Question 41

"At the end of this session, you should be able to use the software to update your work." With which of the following steps of the training cycle is this statement best identified?

A) Set objectives
B) Conduct needs assessment
C) Prepare for training
D) Measure and evaluate results

Question 42

"Kate has to learn French for her overseas assignment in three months." With which of the following steps of the training cycle is this statement best identified?

A) Set objectives
B) Prepare for training
C) Conduct needs assessment
D) Measure and evaluate results

Question 43

_____ is the ongoing planned process of change used as a means of improving the organization's effectiveness in solving problems and achieving its objectives.

A) Organizational development
B) Organizational culture
C) Organizational dynamics
D) Organizational climate

Question 44

_____ is the relatively enduring quality of the internal environment of the organization as perceived by its members.

A) Organizational climate
B) Organizational culture
C) Organizational dynamics
D) Organizational development

Question 45

_____ is the process of developing the ability to perform both present and future jobs.

A) Sensitization
B) Retention
C) Development
D) Orientation

Question 46

Which of the following is the first step in conducting a job instructional training (JIT)?

A) Trainer presentation of the job
B) Trainee performance of the job
C) Preparation of the trainee
D) Follow-up

Question 47

Which of the following is the first step of the coaching model?

A) Refer to past feedback
B) Describe desired performance
C) Get a commitment to the change
D) Describe current performance

Question 48

Which of the following dimensions of organizational climate refers to the degree of satisfaction with human relations?

A) Support
B) Structure
C) Responsibility
D) Warmth

Question 49

Which of the following dimensions of organizational climate refers to the degree of control over one's own job?

A) Support
B) Structure
C) Responsibility
D) Risk

Question 50

Which of the following is the foremost step in the training cycle?

A) Conduct needs assessment
B) Set objectives
C) Prepare for training
D) Plan the training methods

Question 51

"The supervisor and my team members are very supportive and encourage participation in all tasks." Which of the following is associated with this statement?

A) Organizational structure
B) Organizational culture
C) Organizational climate
D) Organizational development

Question 52

"This is how you operate the machine." With which of the following steps of the training cycle is this statement best identified?

A) Set objectives
B) Conduct the training
C) Prepare for training
D) Measure and evaluate results

Question 53

_____ is the ongoing process of evaluating an employee's execution of a job.

A) Employee survey
B) Job evaluation
C) Integrated audit
D) Performance appraisal

Question 54

_____ is the process of developing the necessary skills to perform the present job.

A) Retention
B) Training
C) Sensitization
D) Orientation

Question 55

Which of the following is true of a strong culture organization?

A) It does not enforce behavior.
B) It discourages employees from taking risks.
C) It has clear values that are shared to the extent of similar behavior.
D) It is a source of resistance and turmoil.

Question 56

"I can see a lot of improvement in your presentation skills." With which of the following steps of the training cycle is this statement best identified?

A) Step 1: Conduct needs assessment
B) Step 2: Set objectives
C) Step 3: Conduct the training
D) Step 4: Measure and evaluate results

Question 57

Which of the following dimensions of organizational climate refers to the degree of constraint on members?

A) Responsibility
B) Structure
C) Support
D) Risk

Question 58

A(n) _____ is the person responsible for the organizational development program.

A) active agent
B) change agent
C) reagent
D) program agent

Question 59

Which of the following is the desired result of performance appraisal?

A) A sensitized trainee
B) Reflexive decision making
C) Enhanced truancy
D) Decreased absenteeism

Question 60

The term _____ describes performance levels in the areas of quantity, quality, time, and cost.

A) demographics
B) standards
C) norms
D) symbols

Question 61

Describe the organizational climate at a firm for which you work or have worked, based on the seven dimensions of climate. Does or did the organization measure its climate? If so, how?

Question 62

Give reasons why managing change skills are important to managers in an organization for which you work or have worked.

Question 63

Which of the following steps of the coaching model should a manager take immediately after describing the current low performance of an employee?

A) Refer to past feedback
B) Describe desired performance
C) Get a commitment to the change
D) Praise the work being done

Question 64

Give a specific example of when a change model would be helpful to a specific manager.

Question 65

Danny's team is well performing and promising. They are well coordinated and are good at problem solving. Which of the following team-building agendas should they take up to review the team's methods of operation?

A) Climate building
B) Closure
C) Process and structure evaluation
D) Problem solving

Question 66

Describe an automation change in an organization, preferably one with which you have been associated.

Question 67

Give one or more examples of a type of change you experienced in an organization. (Identify it as task change, structural change, technological change, or people change.)

Question 68

Ian is a clerical worker. He sorts files, as do the other ten employees in the department. All the employees know that they are supposed to place the files in the exact place when they are finished so that others can find them when they need them. As a rule, employees should have only one file out at a time. Ian's supervisor notices that Ian has five files on his desk of which one is a file that another employee urgently needs. Which of the following steps of the coaching model should Ian's supervisor follow immediately after describing to Ian his current behavior?

A) Refer to past feedback
B) Describe desired performance
C) Get a commitment to the change
D) Use disciplinary action

Question 69

Identify the cultural heroes, stories, slogans, symbols, and ceremonies for an organization you are or have been a member of.

Question 70

Describe a situation in which you were resistant to change. Identify the intensity, source, and focus. Using Exhibit 12.3, which box (by number and statement) describes your resistance?

Question 71

Rufus works in an ice cream parlor. He knows that the tables should be cleaned up quickly after customers leave, so that the next customers do not have to sit at dirty tables. It's a busy night. Rufus' boss found dirty dishes on two of Chris's unoccupied tables. Chris is socializing with some friends at one of the tables instead of cleaning up. Chris urges Rufus to join him in the conversation as well. Which of the following steps of the coaching model should Rufus' boss take first?

A) Refer to past feedback
B) Get a commitment to the change
C) Describe desired performance
D) Describe current performance

Question 72

_____ is an OD technique that uses a questionnaire to gather data that are used as the basis for change.

A) Force field analysis
B) Management by objectives
C) Survey feedback
D) Managerial grid

Question 73

Which of the following steps should one take in the performance appraisal process immediately after job responsibilities are determined?

A) Coach employees
B) Conduct informal performance appraisals
C) Develop standards and measurement methods
D) Prepare for the formal performance appraisal interviews

Question 74

Diana has noticed that her production team members are not as efficient as the other teams. The team has been under pressure lately for delayed deliveries. On the other hand, the team has managed to increase the quality of the product. Which of the following OD techniques is the most appropriate technique for problem solving?

A) Survey feedback
B) Team building
C) Force field analysis
D) Performance appraisal

Question 75

Describe the morale at the organization.

Question 76

Describe the MIS at an organization, preferably one with which you have been associated. If you are not knowledgeable about the organization's MIS, talk with someone who is.

Question 77

Describe the organizational culture at a firm for which you work or have worked. Does or did the organization strive to have a strong positive culture? If so, how?

Question 78

Which of the following is a typical team-building agenda?

A) Climate building
B) Performance appraisal
C) Estimate the current level of performance
D) Provide feedback to employees

Question 79

_____ is a technique that diagrams the current level of performance, the hindering factors against change, and the driving factors toward change.

A) Performance appraisal
B) Survey feedback
C) Process Consultation
D) Force field analysis

Question 80

"In our organization, managers and employees work together to improve performance. We like to involve employees in setting goals and objectives." Which of the following OD techniques is being implemented in this situation?

A) Team building
B) Survey feedback
C) Training and development
D) Performance appraisal