Deck 2: Personality, Stress, Learning, and Perception

Question 1

Dressing like a successful person in the organization during one's job interview might send out signals of overconfidence.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

People sometimes selectively pick information they want to hear and ignore information they don't want to hear. This phenomenon is called frame of reference.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Emotional stability is important in dealing with situations that need efficiency under pressure.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) identifies one's personality inclinations for certain ways of feeling and leading.

Question 5

We tend to get along better with people who have the same learning style as ourselves.

Question 6

Some stress helps improve performance.

Question 7

People with an internal locus of control are closed to new experiences to improve performance.

Question 8

Exercise, nutrition, relaxation, positive thinking, and a good support system help in tackling stress.

Question 9

According to the Big Five Model of Personality, people characterized by assertiveness, ambition, and energy are generally strong in dominance.

Question 10

Stressors are similar in respect to how they affect different individuals.

Question 11

Selective exposure influences job selection.

Question 12

People with Type B personalities are likely to have more stress than those with Type A personalities.

Question 13

During the four-minute barrier, a person is unable to make a good impression on another person.

Question 14

We perceive, select, organize, and interpret information as we expect it to appear.

Question 15

Stereotyping is our tendency to see things from a narrow focus that directly affects us.

Question 16

Today it is generally agreed that intelligence is a product of genetics and not of the environment.

Question 17

Accommodators rely more on other people for information than on technical analysis.

Question 18

Chronic stress can lead to burnout.

Question 19

Stress is an individual matter.

Question 20

Locus of control is a two-dimensional personality classification method.

Question 21

_____ is a continuum representing one's belief as to whether external or internal forces determine one's destiny.

A) Surgency
B) Locus of control
C) Perceptual congruence
D) Conscientiousness

Question 22

Joanne's colleagues praise her ability to remain calm under all circumstances. She is secure about her professional skills and can perform well under pressure. Which of the following personality dimensions best describes Joanne's traits?

A) Weak surgency
B) High adjustment
C) Weak conscientiousness
D) High openness to experience

Question 23

Credibility, persistence, and organization are terms that describe the traits of _____.

A) weak adjustment
B) high conscientiousness
C) high agreeableness
D) weak surgency

Question 24

_____ identifies an individual's personality based on his or her four inclinations for certain ways of thinking and behaving.

A) The Locus of Control Model
B) The Birkman Method
C) The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
D) The Personality Assessment System

Question 25

Which of the following characterize people with a strong adjustment personality type?

A) Energetic, assertive, active, and ambitious, with an interest in getting ahead
B) Cold, difficult, uncompassionate, unfriendly, and unsociable
C) Good under pressure, relaxed, secure, and positive
D) Imaginative, intellectual, open-minded, autonomous, and creative

Question 26

"My job is very demanding and monotonous. Because of my work, I often get a headache by the end of the day." What type of stressor does this statement reveal?

A) Organizational climate
B) Management behavior
C) Environmental stressor
D) Job satisfaction

Question 27

"In our department, there is a lot of competition and conflict." What type of stressor does this statement reveal?

A) Organizational climate
B) Management behavior
C) Environmental stressor
D) Job satisfaction

Question 28

A person with a high score on the openness to experience personality dimension is likely to be:

A) cooperative, tolerant, compassionate, and friendly.
B) emotionally stable, good under pressure, relaxed, secure, and positive.
C) imaginative, intellectual, autonomous, and creative.
D) energetic, assertive, active, and ambitious.

Question 29

_____ believe that they have little control over their performance and are closed to new experiences.

A) Externalizers
B) Internalizers
C) Extroverts
D) Type A personalities

Question 30

"I'm always in a hurry and it upsets me to change my routine." What type of stressor does this statement reveal?

A) Organizational climate
B) Management behavior
C) Personality type
D) Job satisfaction

Question 31

Facial expressions convey feelings more accurately than words.

Question 32

Richard is unambitious and prefers spending most of his time by himself. His colleagues consider him to be aloof and insecure. He finds it difficult to work under high pressure situations, and often blames his colleagues. Richard's personality is:

A) high in surgency.
B) low in conscientiousness.
C) low in agreeableness.
D) high in adjustment.

Question 33

Kenneth will complete his probation as a teller by the end of this month. Over the past six months he has proved to be tenacious and capable. He diligently follows the bank's standards and works systematically. Which of the following personality dimensions best describes Kenneth's traits?

A) Low surgency
B) High agreeableness
C) Low adjustment
D) High conscientiousness

Question 34

Which of the following is a characteristic of Type A personality?

A) Easy-goingness
B) Apathetic
C) Time consciousness
D) Patience

Question 35

Discussing controversial topics and expression of personal views is best avoided especially during the four-minute barrier.

Question 36

People weak in _____ want to be followers.

A) adjustment
B) conscientiousness
C) openness to experience
D) surgency

Question 37

"My boss is constantly checking up on me and telling me what to do." What type of stressor does this statement reveal?

A) Organizational climate
B) Management behavior
C) Environmental stressor
D) Job satisfaction

Question 38

Which of the following are common traits of people with a strong surgency personality dimension?

A) Laid-back or easygoing
B) Avoiding change and new things
C) Poor under pressure, nervous, insecure, moody
D) Impatient, assertive, active, and ambitious

Question 39

Daniel, the supervisor of a team of financial analysts, aims to become a manager. He is confident about his ideas in the workplace. Daniel always gives precise instructions to his team members and expects them to follow the instructions. Which of the following personality dimensions best describes Daniel's behavior?

A) High surgency
B) Low conscientiousness
C) High adjustment
D) Low openness to experience

Question 40

Jerry is a considerate person and is liberal in accepting the changes in his organization. Owing to his gregarious nature, Jerry has a lot of friends where he works. He finds it easy to establish a rapport with people. Which of the following personality dimensions would best define the trait described in the scenario?

A) Surgency
B) Adjustment
C) Agreeableness
D) Conscientiousness

Question 41

Albert is a sales representative at Maxim Insurance, Inc. He tends to make quick decisions based primarily on input from people, and without much analysis. Albert likes being a sales rep as it gives him the freedom to set sales schedules and challenges him to close sales. He learns well through training sessions involving role playing. Which of the following is Albert's learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 42

_____ have the ability to view concrete situations from many different points of view.

A) Assimilators
B) Convergers
C) Divergers
D) Accommodators

Question 43

Which of the following characterizes convergers?

A) They usually act on gut feelings.
B) They have the ability to view concrete situations from many different points of view.
C) They seek practical uses for information.
D) They prefer dealing with interpersonal issues than with technical tasks and problems.

Question 44

_____ prefer to learn by doing and feeling.

A) Accommodators
B) Divergers
C) Convergers
D) Assimilators

Question 45

Hands-on experience works best for _____.

A) assimilators
B) divergers
C) convergers
D) accommodators

Question 46

Dennis is an accountant and likes dealing with numbers and concrete accounting processes. He is always willing to help his colleagues in solving the problems; though he avoids personal interactions with them. Although Dennis enjoyed college, he believes one really learns about accounting when one gets on the job. Which of the following is Dennis's learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 47

Chris works as a nurse at Dayton Community Hospital. He took up this profession as he enjoys interacting with people and helping them. Chris spends a lot of time gathering information and weighing multiple alternatives, before making any decision. Chris has learned a lot about nursing by watching other nurses. Which of the following is his learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 48

_____ prefer to learn by observing and thinking.

A) Assimilators
B) Divergers
C) Accommodators
D) Convergers

Question 49

_____ prefer dealing with technical tasks and problems than with interpersonal issues.

A) Divergers
B) Assimilators
C) Accommodators
D) Convergers

Question 50

Kendall relies on his instinct to determine which designs appeal to people. He bases his decisions on his interactions with people, rather than on statistical analysis of consumer behavior. What is his learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 51

_____ prefer to learn by observing and feeling.

A) Accommodators
B) Divergers
C) Convergers
D) Assimilators

Question 52

_____ seek practical uses for information and focus on solutions.

A) Accommodators
B) Divergers
C) Assimilators
D) Convergers

Question 53

_____ is the level of one's capacity for learning, problem solving, and decision making.

A) Surgency
B) Intelligence
C) Attitude
D) Perception

Question 54

Which of the following is a characteristic of divergers?

A) They tend to learn primarily from hands-on experience.
B) They take their time gathering and analyzing many alternatives.
C) They tend to be more concerned with abstract ideas and concepts than with people.
D) They prefer learning by doing and thinking.

Question 55

Beth prefers to learn new skills on the job, rather than in training sessions. Her decisions are based on instinct, and not on technical analysis. Which of the following is Beth's learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 56

_____ prefer to learn by doing and thinking.

A) Accommodators
B) Divergers
C) Convergers
D) Assimilators

Question 57

Kathy enjoys brainstorming. She gathers all the facts and analyzes a situation from multiple perspectives, before making a decision. As a result, she sometimes misses opportunities. What is her preferred learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 58

Nelson has been busy preparing for his final exams for the past few months. A few days before the exam, as a result of the high pressure to perform well, he loses his interest and motivation to study. Which of the following does Nelson experience?

A) Tensile stress
B) Temporary burnout
C) Bipolar disorder
D) Panic attack

Question 59

_____ tend to be more concerned with abstract ideas and concepts than with people.

A) Divergers
B) Assimilators
C) Accommodators
D) Convergers

Question 60

Debra is a marketing researcher at Dale Manufacturers Inc. She enjoys gathering data and compiling information. Debra always follows scientific procedures when conducting research. She believes that although questionnaires are useful, watching people select products in stores provide more valuable information. Which of the following is Debra's learning style?

A) Accommodator
B) Diverger
C) Converger
D) Assimilator

Question 61

What was your stress personality type score and letter? Should you work at changing your personality type? Explain why or why not. Will you change?

Question 62

_____ is the average duration in which people make up their minds to continue the contact or separate during social situations.

A) The one-minute barrier
B) The perceptual period
C) The four-minute sell
D) The transition period

Question 63

Which of the following is a defense mechanism that involves attributing one's attitudes or shortcomings to others?

A) Projection
B) Introspection
C) Perceptual congruence
D) Surgency

Question 64

_____ refers to the degree to which people see things the same way.

A) Projection
B) Selective exposure
C) Perceptual congruence
D) Frame of reference

Question 65

Which of the following terms refers to our tendency to see things from a narrow focus that directly affects us?

A) Projection
B) Expectation
C) Selective exposure
D) Frame of reference

Question 66

Ashley is often inattentive when her boss is speaking to her. She says "I often don't listen to what my boss is saying, since I can predict what he is going to say." What type of perception bias does this statement reflect?

A) Projection
B) Frame of reference
C) Expectations
D) Selective exposure

Question 67

Of the five ways to eliminate or decrease stress, which do you do best? Which needs the most improvement and why? What will you do, if anything, to improve in that area?

Question 68

Describe your Big Five personality profile.

Question 69

"Terry constantly accuses Ted and Betty of being careless about their work, when in reality she has made more accounting errors than they have." What type of perception bias does Terry have?

A) Projection
B) Frame of reference
C) Expectations
D) Selective exposure

Question 70

The _____ is the time we have to make a good impression.

A) threshold period
B) four-minute barrier
C) frame of reference
D) six-minute sell

Question 71

Assimilators differ from divergers in that assimilators:

A) prefer learning by doing and feeling.
B) tend to learn primarily from hands-on experience.
C) prefer dealing with technical tasks and problems.
D) tend to learn by observing and thinking.

Question 72

Select a present or past boss and describe how his or her personality profile affected behavior, human relations, and performance in your department.

Question 73

_____ is the process of generalizing the behavior of all members of a group.

A) Rationalizing
B) Internalizing
C) Stereotyping
D) Marginalizing

Question 74

Laura meets Cindy, the owner of a well-known advertising agency in Los Angeles, at a social gathering. Laura wants to make the first impression good, so that she can intern at Cindy's firm. Which of the following, if true, would help Laura make a favorable first impression?

A) During the first four minutes of their conversation, Laura brings up a controversial topic and states her opinion regarding the issue.
B) Laura maintains eye contact while introducing herself to Cindy.
C) Before leaving the gathering, Laura asks Cindy for her contact details so that she can keep in touch.
D) Laura spends a long time talking to Cindy.

Question 75

Think about the person you enjoy or have enjoyed working with the most. Identify that person's learning style. Is it the same as yours? What is it that you enjoy about the person?

Question 76

The term _____ refers to a person's interpretation of reality.

A) emotional intelligence
B) attitude
C) perception
D) emotion

Question 77

_____ refers to the way people perceive one another during their first impressions.

A) Transition effect
B) Primacy effect
C) Impression management
D) Selective exposure

Question 78

Alvin tells his parents "We don't see things the same way because you are old and I am young." What type of perception bias does Alvin have?

A) Projection
B) Frame of reference
C) Expectations
D) Selective exposure

Question 79

What is your preferred learning style? Are the characteristics of the style a good description of you? Explain. Can you change your learning style?

Question 80

Following the controlling stress plan, (1) identify your major stressor, (2) determine its cause and consequences, and (3) develop a plan to eliminate or decrease the stress. Identify each step in your answer.