Deck 6: Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration Supersize Me

Question 1

What are the two measurements used to calculate a person's Body Mass Index?

A) height and waist size
B) height and hip size
C) height and weight
D) weight and waist size
E) weight and hip size

Answer 1

height and weight

Question 2

In which American restaurant would you expect to find similar portion sizes to a Parisian establishment?

A) a fast food chain
B) a breakfast diner
C) a pizzeria
D) a bistro
E) a local Chinese takeout

Answer 2

a bistro

Question 3

Humans evolved an adaptation to store fat in response to

A) farming.
B) fishing.
C) famine.
D) fast foods.
E) hunting.

Answer 3

famine.

Question 4

A Body Mass Index between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be

A) overweight.
B) obese.
C) normal.
D) underweight.
E) anorexic.

Question 5

Native American Indians historically fed themselves with a combination of hunting and gathering,fishing,and farming crops such as corn and squash that are low in calories but high in nutrition.Given that these are the conditions under which they evolved,do you think that many Native Americans eating a modern American diet would have a weight problem? Why or why not?

Question 6

According to the World Health Organization

A) 1 in 10 people in the world are obese.
B) people in developing countries are more obese than those in more developed countries.
C) levels of obesity have been declining over the past 40 years.
D) obesity is caused by eating larger portions of food.
E) trans fats should be banned.

Question 7

What role has evolution played in modern-day human weight gain?

Question 8

Body Mass Index does NOT take into account

A) ratio of height to weight.
B) height.
C) weight.
D) frame size.
E) All of the above.

Question 9

Excess carbohydrates in our body are

A) recycled into nucleic acids.
B) stored as carbohydrates until needed.
C) stored as protein.
D) used immediately.
E) stored as fat.

Question 10

Discuss the limitations of a BMI measure based on height and weight,especially the limitations related to muscle mass.

Question 11

A Body Mass Index will likely be overestimated in

A) an office worker.
B) an athlete.
C) a teacher.
D) a banker.
E) a student.

Question 12

Comparative research into average portion size between restaurants in Philadelphia and Paris concluded that they were

A) of equal or similar size.
B) 25% larger in Philadelphia.
C) 25% smaller in Philadelphia.
D) 25% larger in Paris.
E) 50% larger in Philadelphia.

Question 13

Which portion size is smaller in the United States than in France?

A) hamburger
B) yogurt
C) ice cream
D) cooking ingredients
E) None of the above.

Question 14

A Body Mass Index equal to or greater than _________ is considered obese.

A) 20
B) 25
C) 30
D) 35
E) 40

Question 15

A Body Mass Index of 31 is an indication of

A) being overweight.
B) being underweight.
C) obesity.
D) normal weight.
E) anorexia.

Question 16

The Body Mass Index is an estimate of _________ based on height and weight.

A) waist size
B) heart health
C) blood pressure
D) muscle mass
E) body fat percentage

Question 17

What are some of the health problems associated with obesity?

Question 18

Americans are heavier than people living in other countries for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A) Americans eat more fast food.
B) portion sizes are larger in America.
C) American culture encourages eating.
D) Americans eat unhealthier food.
E) Americans have a slower metabolism.

Question 19

The Body Mass Index is an estimate of body fat percentage based on

A) waist size.
B) weight and height.
C) blood pressure.
D) weight, age, and height.
E) waist size, gender, and age.

Question 20

Why would humans evolve the capacity to store large reserves of fat?

Question 21

Match up macromolecules to breakdown products:
____ Proteins
____ Lipids
____ Carbohydrates
____ Nucleic acids

A. sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
B. amino acids
C. glycerol and fatty acids
D. simple sugars

Question 22

A person's daily energy needs depend on their

A) age.
B) body type.
C) physical activity.
D) gender.
E) All of the above.

Question 23

Glycogen is made up of

A) lipids.
B) glucose molecules.
C) fatty acids.
D) fatty acids and glycerol.
E) starch.

Question 24

You are trying to decide among the following meals,labeled A through
E. Being underweight, you want to pick the meal with the highest calorie content. Fill in the table to determine which meal you should choose.

Question 25

Our bodies are designed for long-term energy storage of

A) triglycerides in muscle and liver cells.
B) glucose in liver cells.
C) triglycerides in fat cells.
D) glycogen in liver.
E) glycogen in muscle.

Question 26

If you are on vacation and eating every meal at a restaurant,list at least three things you can do at mealtime to avoid weight gain.

Question 27

What is the difference between a calorie and a Calorie?

A) A Calorie equals 1000 calories.
B) A calorie equals 1000 Calories.
C) A Calorie equals 100 calories.
D) A calorie equals 100 Calories.
E) Calorie and calorie mean the same thing.

Question 28

Which of the following portions is most likely to have the fewest Calories?

A) a 6-ounce steak
B) 6 ounces of French fries
C) 6 ounces of green beans with butter
D) A 12-ounce steak
E) 6 ounces of steamed green beans

Question 29

Glycogen for short-term energy storage is found in

A) liver and muscle cells.
B) fat cells.
C) adipose tissue.
D) connective tissue.
E) kidney cells.

Question 30

Our bodies store extra energy in muscle and liver cells as

A) fat.
B) glucose.
C) glycogen.
D) nucleic acids.
E) protein.

Question 31

You decide to go on a fad diet consisting of protein shakes that contain 50 grams of protein and 15 grams of carbohydrates per shake.Your target is 1300 Calories/day.How many shakes will you drink each day? Explain.

Question 32

Which macromolecules have the least caloric value per gram?

A) fats
B) nucleic acids
C) proteins
D) carbohydrates
E) fatty acids and glycerol

Question 33

List the following in order from least calories to most.

A) 4g of fat→9g of protein→9g of sugar
B) 4g of fat→9g of sugar→9g of protein
C) 9g of sugar→9g of protein→4g of fat
D) 9g of protein→9g of sugar→4g of fat
E) They are all equal.

Question 34

One Calorie equals

A) 1000 calories.
B) 1 kilocalorie.
C) a unit of energy.
D) 1 kcal.
E) All of the above.

Question 35

List the following in order from least calories to most.

A) 50g of fat→200g of protein→150g sugar
B) 50g of fat→150g of sugar→200g of protein
C) 150g of sugar→200g of protein→50g of fat
D) 150g of sugar→50g of fat→200g of protein
E) 200g of protein→150g sugar→50g fat

Question 36

Which of the following snacks has the highest calorie content?

Question 37

Define calorie and Calorie.Which of these is the term used in food labels?

Question 38

Which macromolecules have the greatest caloric value per gram?

A) fats
B) proteins
C) carbohydrates
D) nucleic acids
E) nucleotides

Question 39

List at least five factors that influence how many Calories a person needs per day.

Question 40

An average bacon,lettuce,and tomato sandwich contains 20g of fat,35g of carbohydrate,and 10g protein.How many calories are coming from each of these three?

Question 41

ATP breakdown in cells is accompanied by

A) an endergonic reaction.
B) phosphate bonding.
C) energy storage.
D) a release of energy.
E) an increase in potential energy.

Question 42

Which of the following lists foods in order from least healthful to most healthful?

A) lard?butter?olive oil
B) butter?olive oil?lard
C) olive oil?lard?butter
D) lard?olive oil?butter
E) They are all equally bad for your health.

Question 43

Glycogen is considered ______ energy storage and fat is ______ energy storage.

A) short-term; short-term
B) long-term; short-term
C) long-term, permanent
D) short-term; long-term
E) short-term; permanent

Question 44

What happens when a phosphate is removed from ATP?

Question 45

The energy in ATP is stored between

A) the phosphate groups.
B) the carbon and hydrogen atoms.
C) ribose and the first phosphate group.
D) adenine and ribose.
E) adenine and the first phosphate group.

Question 46

Excess Calories are stored as _______ in our _______.

A) triglycerides; liver
B) simple sugars; red blood cells
C) glycogen; fat cells
D) simple sugars; fat cells
E) glycogen; liver

Question 47

ATP stores energy in which bond(s)?

A) adenine-ribose
B) adenine-phosphate
C) ribose-phosphate
D) ribose-ribose
E) phosphate-phosphate

Question 48

Excess Calories of energy are stored as _______ in our fat cells.

A) starch
B) cellulose
C) glycogen
D) triglycerides
E) simple sugars

Question 49

Excess Calories of energy are stored as _______ in our liver.

A) triglycerides
B) simple sugars
C) glycogen
D) starch
E) cellulose

Question 50

The energy currency of the cell is called

A) ATP.
B) ADP.
C) DDT.
D) triglycerides.
E) glycogen.

Question 51

______ is considered short-term energy storage and ______ is long-term energy storage in humans.

A) Glycogen; starch
B) Starch; fat
C) Glycogen; fat
D) Fat; glycogen
E) Glycogen; sugar

Question 52

ATP is a

A) protein.
B) nucleotide.
C) lipid.
D) amino acid.
E) carbohydrate.

Question 53

Excess Calories of energy are stored as _______ in our muscle tissue.

A) glycogen
B) simple sugars
C) starch
D) triglycerides
E) cellulose

Question 54

All of the following are bad for your health EXCEPT

A) saturated fat.
B) unsaturated fat.
C) trans fat.
D) hydrogenated fat.
E) fats that are solid.

Question 55

________ is the cell's "energy currency."

A) Adenosine monophosphate
B) Glycogen
C) Glucose
D) Cellulose
E) ATP

Question 56

Compare and contrast saturated and unsaturated fats with respect to their sources (plant or animal),which is solid and which is liquid at room temperature,and which is better for your health.

Question 57

What is the advantage of storing extra energy as triglycerides instead of glycogen? What is the disadvantage for modern humans?

Question 58

You go outside and take a walk down the street and back.Which of the following are you most likely to be using for energy?

A) fat
B) glycogen
C) nucleic acids
D) protein
E) triglycerides

Question 59

The inputs for aerobic respiration are

A) glucose and oxygen.
B) ATP, glucose, and oxygen.
C) glucose and ATP.
D) carbon dioxide and glucose.
E) glycogen and oxygen.

Question 60

The stored energy in food is converted by cells into this useable energy-containing molecule.

A) glycogen
B) ADP
C) ATP
D) AMP
E) glucose

Question 61

What role do the lungs and red blood cells play in aerobic respiration?

Question 62

Which of the following statements best explains why fat contains more Calories than proteins or carbohydrates?

A) Fats have more oxygen.
B) Fats have more electrons.
C) Fats have more ATP.
D) The bonds of fat molecules are more easily broken.
E) The bonds of fat molecules are more difficult to break.

Question 63

Which of the following puts the stages of aerobic respiration in the correct order?

A) electron-transport chain→citric acid cycle→glycolysis
B) citric acid cycle→glycolysis→electron-transport chain
C) citric acid cycle→electron-transport chain→glycolysis
D) glycolysis→citric acid cycle→electron-transport chain
E) glycolysis→electron-transport chain→citric acid cycle

Question 64

Which of the following processes yields the most ATP?

A) the citric acid cycle
B) fermentation
C) glycolysis
D) electron transport
E) glucose transport

Question 65

The ________ is the location of aerobic respiration.

A) chloroplast
B) nucleus
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) mitochondrion
E) Golgi apparatus

Question 66

Carbohydrates,proteins,and fats are digested and then absorbed into the bloodstream from the ___________.These nutrients are delivered to the cells,where they are broken down further and their energy is used to make ____________.

A) small intestine; ATP
B) small intestine; glycogen
C) stomach; ATP
D) stomach; glucose
E) stomach; glycogen

Question 67

Why do we need to breathe?

Question 68

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Question 69

The cells carrying out cellular aerobic respiration in humans obtain oxygen from

A) blood from tissues.
B) rough ER.
C) blood from the lungs.
D) Golgi apparatus.
E) mitochondria.

Question 70

Where does the oxygen required for aerobic respiration enter the body?

A) from food we eat
B) through the lungs
C) through the skin
D) from water we drink
E) through symbiotic bacteria living in our lungs

Question 71

Which of the following stage(s)of aerobic respiration occur in the mitochondria?

A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) electron-transport chain
D) B and C but not A
E) A, B, and C

Question 72

Which of the following stage(s)of aerobic respiration produce(s)the most ATP?

A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) electron-transport chain
D) B and C but not A
E) A, B, and C

Question 73

Which of the following stages strips electrons from bonds between carbon atoms to use for ATP production?

A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) electron-transport chain
D) A and B but not C
E) A, B, and C

Question 74

Your liver cells need energy to survive and run cellular functions.How do they obtain that energy,and what are the components needed to process the energy?

Question 75

This stage of aerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm.

A) glycolysis
B) photosynthesis
C) the citric acid cycle
D) electron transport
E) fermentation

Question 76

What are the inputs and outputs of the process of aerobic respiration?
_________+____________?_________+____________ +_____________

Question 77

Oxygen is most directly important in which of the following stage(s)of aerobic respiration?

A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) electron-transport chain
D) A and C but not B
E) None of the above.

Question 78

Cyanide is a poison that works by preventing oxygen from receiving electrons.Therefore,cyanide directly affects which stage of cellular respiration?

A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) electron-transport chain
D) A and B but not C
E) A, B, and C

Question 79

In this/these process(es),carbon dioxide is produced.

A) photosynthesis and respiration
B) photosynthesis
C) electron transport
D) glycolysis
E) the citric acid cycle

Question 80

The outputs for aerobic respiration are

A) glucose, carbon dioxide, and oxygen.
B) carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
C) oxygen, water, and glucose.
D) carbon dioxide and energy.
E) glucose, oxygen, and energy.