Deck 5: Antibiotics

Question 1

Erythromycin belongs to which group of antibiotics?

A)Cephalosporins
B)Macrolides
C)Aminoglycosides
D)Penicillins

Answer 1

Macrolides

Question 2

When a microorganism's DNA sequence is altered to prevent destruction by an agent,the microorganism is said to have developed a(n)

A)antibiotic resistance.
B)broad-spectrum coverage.
C)plasma membrane.
D)bacteriostatic effect.

Answer 2

antibiotic resistance.

Question 3

Which one of the following major groups of antibiotics is classified into five generations on the basis of the spectrum of its activity?

A)Cephalosporins
B)Macrolides
C)Tetracyclines
D)Penicillins

Answer 3

Cephalosporins

Question 4

Which one of the following is not a mechanism by which antimicrobial agents may work against pathogenic microorganisms?

A)Inhibits cell-wall synthesis
B)Alters cell-wall membrane
C)Interferes with cell metabolism
D)Interferes with reabsorption of sodium

Question 5

A series of tests used to identify disease-causing microorganisms and to determine their susceptibility to various antibiotics is called

A)hemoglobin and hematocrit.
B)culture and sensitivity.
C)antibiotic resistance.
D)Gram stain.

Question 6

Bacteria classified as eukaryotes can be defined as

A)having an early or pre nucleus.
B)having smaller ribosomes than prokaryotes.
C)being found in multicellular organisms.
D)having a plasma membrane, whereas prokaryotes do not.

Question 7

Among the most common causative agents of SSI are bacteria known as

A)Bacillus subtilis.
B)Streptococcus pneumoniae.
C)Staphylococcus epidermidis.
D)Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 8

Antibiotics assist the surgical patient's own defenses to prevent or diminish

A)venereal diseases.
B)lack of aseptic technique.
C)growth of bacteria.
D)surgical site infections.

Question 9

Preoperative and intraoperative antibiotics may be administered by any one of the following methods except

A)orally.
B)intravenously.
C)topically to the incision.
D)in irrigation solutions.

Question 10

The Surgical Patient Checklist is a tool to help with compliance for antibiotic administration and was developed by

A)CDC.
B)WHO.
C)CMS.
D)AORN.

Question 11

Which category of antibiotics is known to be ototoxic and nephrotoxic?

A)Cephalosporins
B)Macrolides
C)Aminoglycosides
D)Penicillins

Question 12

All of the following are working theories for the development of resistant pathogens except

A)prescribing limited-spectrum antibiotics.
B)prescribing antibiotics for viral infection.
C)frequent exposure of normal host bacteria to antibiotics.
D)patient noncompliance with physician's orders (e.g., dose, frequency).

Question 13

Endogenous infection occurs from

A)outside the patient's body.
B)the patient's own bacteria.
C)a tear in the surgeon's glove.
D)contaminated surgical supplies.

Question 14

Antibiotics are natural chemicals,which are produced by

A)microorganisms.
B)metabolites.
C)human cells.
D)sulfa drugs.

Question 15

Who discovered penicillin?

A)Edward Jenner
B)Louis Pasteur
C)Robert Koch
D)Alexander Fleming

Question 16

Prophylactic antibiotics are prescribed to

A)treat surgical site infections (SSIs).
B)prevent infections.
C)identify pathogens.
D)produce chemicals in the body.

Question 17

Which one of the following combination agents contains an antibiotic,an anti-inflammatory,and must be shaken before using?

A)Coly-mycin S Otic
B)Neosporin GU Irrigant
C)Cortisporin Suspension Otic
D)Bacitracin with polymyxin B

Question 18

Which one of the following antibiotics is available only in topical form because it is too toxic for systemic use?

A)Neomycin
B)Tobramycin
C)Kanamycin
D)Streptomycin

Question 19

An antimicrobial agent used to inhibit bacterial growth is called

A)bactericidal.
B)bacteriogenic.
C)bacteriophagic.
D)bacteriostatic.

Question 20

Disease-causing microorganisms are called

A)broad spectrum.
B)bacteriostatic.
C)pathogens.
D)ototoxic.

Question 21

A Sulfonamide is an antimicrobial chemical and is further classified as

A)a fluoroquinolone.
B)a synthetic antibacterial.
C)a semisynthetic antibacterial.
D)a bacteriocidal microbe.

Question 22

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Destructive to bacteria

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 23

A sulfonamide cream that is used as a topical dressing for burn patients is called

A)bacitracin cream.
B)silvadene cream.
C)Chloromycetin.
D)Cubicin.

Question 24

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Aminoglycoside

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 25

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Characteristic of some strains of pathogenic microorganisms able to prevent or overcome the activity of antibiotic agents

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 26

To cause an infection,a pathogen must have which of the following?

A)A source
B)A bacteria
C)An unclean environment
D)An S. aureus

Question 27

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Third-generation cephalosporins

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 28

Surgical instruments that are improperly cleaned prior to sterilization are an example of

A)endogenous source.
B)exogenous source.

Question 29

Which is the correct group of antibiotics that belong to the beta-lactam class?

A)Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems
B)Cephalosporins. carbapenems, aminoglycosides
C)Monobactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides
D)Fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, penicillins

Question 30

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Tetracycline

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 31

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Characteristic of antibiotics in which the agent is toxic to the infecting microorganism without harming the host

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 32

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Sulfonamide

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 33

A way of distinguishing between two types of bacteria is called

A)culture and sensitivity.
B)morphology.
C)selective toxicity.
D)Gram staining.

Question 34

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Infection caused by more than one microorganism

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 35

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Aminopenicillin

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 36

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Broad-spectrum penicillin

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 37

Which agent is bactericidal?

A)Macrolides
B)Penicillins
C)Tetracyclines
D)Fluoroquinolones

Question 38

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 39

Which ointment is a naturally occurring antibiotic produced by fermentation and used as an intranasal packing?

A)Bactroban
B)Bacitracin
C)Synercid
D)Cleocin

Question 40

Match the following medications with the correct categories.
First-generation cephalosporins

A)Amikacin (Amikin)
B)Cefazolin (Ancef)
C)Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
D)Methicillin (Staphcillin)
E)Ampicillin (Omnipen)
F)Piperacillin (Pipracil)
G)Minocycline (Minocin)
H)Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 41

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Inhibiting the growth of bacteria

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 42

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Source from inside the patient

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 43

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Single-celled organisms

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 44

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Source from outside the patient

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 45

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Multicellular organisms

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity

Question 46

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
Study of shapes

A)Antibiotic resistance
B)Bactericidal
C)Bacteriostatic
D)Endogenous
E)Eukaryotes
F)Exogenous
G)Morphology
H)Polymicrobial infection
I)Prokaryotes
J)Selective toxicity