Deck 14: The Civil War

Question 1

Politically,the Confederate constitution

A)was almost identical in many respects to the Constitution of the United States.
B)gave states the right to secede.
C)allowed states the right to abolish slavery.
D)gave the president and vice president four-year terms.
E)did not allow anti-secessionists to serve in the Confederate government.

Answer 1

was almost identical in many respects to the Constitution of the United States.

Question 2

At the start of the Civil War,

A)the South had a massive reserve of cash.
B)the South had more combat-age males.
C)the South had more and better railroads.
D)the North was unified by a commitment to end slavery.
E)the North had a much more substantial economy.

Answer 2

the North had a much more substantial economy.

Question 3

All of the following were "Radical Republicans" EXCEPT

A)Abraham Lincoln.
B)Thaddeus Stevens.
C)Charles Sumner.
D)Benjamin Wade.
E)None of these answers is correct.

Answer 3

Abraham Lincoln.

Question 4

The first state to secede from the Union in 1860 was

A)Alabama.
B)South Carolina.
C)Georgia.
D)Mississippi.
E)Virginia.

Question 5

The Union's national draft law

A)proved to be unnecessary in the war effort.
B)severely discouraged voluntary enlistment.
C)allowed no provisions for escaping service.
D)saw little in the way of opposition from the public.
E)resulted in murderous attacks in New York City against free blacks.

Question 6

In the Emancipation Proclamation,President Abraham Lincoln declared freedom for slaves

A)in the parts of the Confederacy already under Union control.
B)in the slave states that had remained loyal to the Union.
C)that joined the Union military.
D)throughout all states that existed as part of the United States prior to the Civil War.
E)in the parts of the Confederacy still in rebellion.

Question 7

All of the following slave states remained in the Union EXCEPT

A)Kentucky.
B)Arkansas.
C)Maryland.
D)Missouri.
E)Delaware.

Question 8

Taxes enacted by the United States Congress to help finance the Civil War

A)were strongly supported by most citizens in the Union.
B)allowed the federal government to avoid incurring significant debt.
C)kept the sale of public bonds low.
D)included a new income tax.
E)were vetoed by President Lincoln.

Question 9

The 1862 Morrill Land Grant Act was designed to help

A)industry.
B)education.
C)banks.
D)railroads.
E)free blacks.

Question 10

In 1860,President James Buchanan asserted that

A)no state had the constitutional right to secede from the United States.
B)the federal government had the authority to stop a state from seceding from the Union.
C)South Carolina could take Fort Sumter.
D)war had begun.
E)he was unwilling to compromise on the issue of slavery.

Question 11

In his capacity as commander in chief,President Abraham Lincoln

A)argued it was essential that the laws of the Constitution be upheld during the war.
B)increased the size of the army without the approval of Congress.
C)quickly called on Congress to enact a naval blockade of the South.
D)moved cautiously in asserting his war powers.
E)waited for Congress to declare war before dispatching troops to the South.

Question 12

In the North,the graphic photos of Civil War photographer Matthew Brady

A)contributed to widespread uprisings against the war.
B)were effective propaganda in support of the war.
C)were unpersuasive as tools of persuasion in favor of the war.
D)were less effective in gaining support for the war than propaganda used by the Confederates in the South.
E)contributed to massive enlistments among young men.

Question 13

Prior to becoming president of the Confederacy,Jefferson Davis had

A)been vice president of the United States.
B)called for a gradual phase-out of slavery.
C)begged South Carolina not to leave the Union.
D)called for the imprisonment of abolitionists.
E)been regarded as a moderate on secession.

Question 14

The Confiscation Act of 1861

A)saw the Confederate government claim the right to seize free blacks in the South.
B)gave Union troops the authority to seize Confederate property.
C)empowered banks in the Union to freeze the financial assets of all slaveholders.
D)declared that slaves used by Confederate states in the war effort were free.
E)abolished slavery in the District of Columbia and the western territories.

Question 15

In 1861,President Abraham Lincoln realized that volunteer state militias

A)would have to do the bulk of fighting for the Union.
B)could not wage an effective military campaign.
C)would provide all the military manpower the Union would require.
D)could not be counted on to serve longer than three months.
E)would operate as a drag on the more efficient and experienced United States Army.

Question 16

Fort Sumter surrendered on April 14,1861,after

A)Confederate forces bombarded it.
B)President Lincoln chose to not resupply the fort.
C)southern soldiers occupied the fort.
D)the fort's commander decided to join the Confederacy.
E)the Union commanding officer,Robert Anderson,was killed.

Question 17

African American soldiers in the Union

A)constituted a large segment of the initial volunteers who joined the war effort.
B)died in combat in larger numbers than white soldiers.
C)were not paid for their military service.
D)experienced a higher mortality rate than white soldiers.
E)were allowed only to dig trenches and transport water.

Question 18

During the Civil War,"greenbacks" issued by the federal government

A)steadily gained in value as the war progressed.
B)were backed by silver.
C)fluctuated in value depending on the fortunes of the northern armies.
D)were backed by gold.
E)were backed by gold and silver.

Question 19

At the start of the Civil War,the armed forces of the United States

A)saw many of their soldiers stationed in the West.
B)did not include a navy.
C)consisted of roughly 400,000 troops.
D)were largely made up of military draftees.
E)had almost entirely defected to the Confederate side.

Question 20

Which of the following federally chartered corporations did the Union create to build the transcontinental railroad?

A)Union Pacific
B)Western Pacific
C)Central Pacific
D)Western Pacific and Central Pacific
E)Union Pacific and Central Pacific

Question 21

In the course of the Civil War,

A)the ruling classes of England and France strongly opposed the Confederacy.
B)the English government consistently supported the Confederacy.
C)the French government formally recognized the Confederacy.
D)English textile workers thrown out of jobs came to resent and oppose the Union.
E)popular support for the Union was strong in England.

Question 22

Which of the following is true regarding the leadership practices of Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln?

A)Davis had less success in controlling the members of his cabinet.
B)Lincoln spent more time on routine matters of state.
C)Davis spent much more time dealing with party politics.
D)Davis demonstrated few administrative abilities.
E)Davis was more concerned about legal and constitutional requirements.

Question 23

During the Civil War,in the Confederacy,

A)southern politicians were strongly united in supporting secession and the war.
B)formal political parties quickly developed.
C)President Jefferson Davis developed a reputation for reckless political action.
D)many southerners resisted efforts by the Davis government to exert its authority.
E)the national government was almost completely impotent in its dealings with the states.

Question 24

In the Civil War,the number of deaths for every 100,000 of the population was

A)500.
B)1,000.
C)2,000.
D)4,000.
E)5,000.

Question 25

The most important Union military commander was

A)George McClellan.
B)Ulysses S.Grant.
C)Abraham Lincoln.
D)William Tecumseh Sherman.
E)George Meade.

Question 26

The Union's Committee on the Conduct of the War

A)greatly interfered with the military chain of command and the conduct of the war.
B)was organized by President Abraham Lincoln.
C)limited the financial expenditures by the military.
D)criticized Union generals for having too many combat deaths on both sides.
E)was consistently opposed by Radical Republicans such as Benjamin Wade.

Question 27

General Ulysses S.Grant

A)did not agree with Abraham Lincoln's general strategic objectives.
B)followed Winfield Scott as Lincoln's military chief of staff.
C)believed the key to victory was to capture the Confederate capital.
D)was ultimately succeeded by Henry W.Halleck as chief of staff of the army.
E)thought the main Union effort should target enemy armies and resources.

Question 28

President Abraham Lincoln believed the main objective of the Union armies was to

A)occupy Confederate territory.
B)free southern slaves.
C)destroy Confederate armies.
D)control Confederate ports.
E)capture Richmond.

Question 29

During the Civil War,as a result of new technology in weapons,

A)infantry troops began to fight standing in line formations.
B)the Gatling gun became the primary combat weapon.
C)battlefields became more organized.
D)attention to defensive fortifications increased.
E)soldiers were forced to carry rudimentary gas masks.

Question 30

In 1861,the so-called Trent affair

A)saw the capture of Union diplomats by the Confederate government.
B)created an international diplomatic crisis for Abraham Lincoln.
C)led England to form closer political ties with the Lincoln administration.
D)resulted in France recalling its ambassador from the United States.
E)was eventually resolved with an indirect apology by England.

Question 31

Between 1861 and 1864,the cost of goods in the Confederacy rose

A)200 percent.
B)600 percent.
C)1,000 percent.
D)3,000 percent.
E)9,000 percent.

Question 32

In the Civil War,at lower levels of military command

A)northern and southern commanders had markedly different backgrounds.
B)amateur officers played important roles in both the Union and Confederate armies.
C)the professional officers on both sides were mostly Ivy League graduates.
D)amateur officers played important roles in both the Union and Confederate armies; and the professional officers on both sides were mostly Ivy League graduates.
E)None of these answers is correct.

Question 33

During the Civil War,naval activity was particularly important on the

A)Chesapeake.
B)western rivers.
C)southern gulf.
D)Great Lakes.
E)Outer Banks.

Question 34

In the Confederacy,a military draft

A)was not considered necessary until the last months of the Civil War.
B)never allowed for the hiring of substitutes.
C)compelled slaves to serve as soldiers.
D)aroused opposition from poorer whites for its expensive substitute policy.
E)forced all white males between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five to serve for three years.

Question 35

The wartime South saw

A)an increase in the sale of cotton overseas.
B)numerous bloody slave revolts.
C)almost no black-market commerce.
D)a significant decline in the production of goods.
E)women forced out of the public sphere.

Question 36

The Confederacy financed its war effort primarily through

A)selling bonds.
B)printing money.
C)foreign loans.
D)an income tax.
E)seizure of northern assets.

Question 37

In naval warfare during the Civil War,

A)the Union blockade of the South was largely ineffective.
B)the Confederacy managed to build a navy equal to that of the Union.
C)both the Union and Confederate militaries developed ironclads.
D)the Confederacy devastated Union fleets with ironclad warships.
E)the Confederacy managed to seize key Union ports such as Baltimore.

Question 38

Which of the following technologies was NOT a part of warfare during the Civil War?

A)hot-air balloons
B)repeating rifles
C)submarines
D)dynamite
E)torpedoes

Question 39

During the Civil War,railroad transportation

A)encouraged smaller engagements with fewer troops.
B)acted to limit the mobility of armies.
C)forced commanders to organize their campaigns around topography.
D)both encouraged smaller engagements with fewer troops,and acted to limit the mobility of armies.
E)None of these answers is correct.

Question 40

In the South in 1865,as a result of the Civil War,

A)there were more women than men in most states.
B)large numbers of widowed southern women married Union soldiers.
C)few women could find employment.
D)the traditional roles of women were reinforced and maintained.
E)women were granted the right to vote for their wartime service.

Question 41

The material advantages of the South were obvious right from the start of the war.

Question 42

The prominent commander who died in the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 was

A)George McClellan.
B)Joseph Hooker.
C)Ambrose Burnside.
D)Thomas Jackson.
E)George Meade.

Question 43

The state that was admitted to the Union during the Civil War was

A)Iowa.
B)Minnesota.
C)Wisconsin.
D)West Virginia.
E)Nevada.

Question 44

The Confederacy was organized before Lincoln was inaugurated.

Question 45

The North financed the Civil War primarily by borrowing money.

Question 46

The South was committed to fighting a defensive war.

Question 47

Opinion about the war was more divided in the North than in the South.

Question 48

The Peninsular campaign in 1862

A)saw General George McClellan plan an ambitious assault on Richmond.
B)was designed to circumvent Confederate defenses.
C)ultimately ended in a Union withdrawal back to northern Virginia.
D)was forced to set off with 30,000 less men than originally planned.
E)All these answers are correct.

Question 49

President Buchanan did not believe that a state had the legal right to secede from the Union.

Question 50

To build up the Union army,Lincoln originally relied much more on volunteers in state militias than he did an increase in the regular army.

Question 51

The Battle of Vicksburg in 1863

A)saw a quick Union victory.
B)allowed the North to split the Confederacy in two.
C)briefly revived the military hopes of the Confederacy.
D)was decided by a massive assault by Union troops.
E)put George McClellan back in good standing with President Lincoln.

Question 52

In the Battle of Gettysburg,in order to reach dug-in Union forces,General George Pickett's division had to cross

A)an open field.
B)a broad river.
C)a steep hill.
D)thick woods.
E)an abandoned town.

Question 53

No additional states seceded from the Union once the war had begun.

Question 54

A major federal victory occurred in April 1862 when Union troops captured the city of

A)New Orleans.
B)Vicksburg.
C)Mobile.
D)Chattanooga.
E)Charleston.

Question 55

The main reason the North made so little military progress in the first two years of the Civil War,despite all of its advantages,was

A)the military stalemate.
B)the incompetency of Union generals.
C)that it was a war of attrition.
D)that it was a war of tactics.
E)that it was a war of military strategy.

Question 56

By the end of 1862,Union forces

A)had made considerable progress in the West.
B)were having little success in the East.
C)had closed the mouth of the Mississippi to Confederate trade.
D)had both made considerable progress in the West,and closed the mouth of the Mississippi to Confederate trade.
E)All these answers are correct.

Question 57

General William T.Sherman's "March to the Sea" in 1864

A)attempted to avoid the civilian population.
B)saw Sherman face more resistance than Grant faced to his north.
C)never reached the Atlantic Ocean.
D)resulted in mass starvation among Sherman's troops.
E)was designed to demoralize southerners.

Question 58

The Crittenden Compromise was essentially acceptable to Lincoln and the Republicans.

Question 59

As the Battle of Vicksburg was ending,another major battle was taking place in

A)Shiloh.
B)Antietam.
C)Chickamauga.
D)Atlanta.
E)Gettysburg.

Question 60

In 1861,the First Battle of Manassas

A)saw a much larger Union force oppose Confederate troops.
B)was a victory for the Confederates.
C)ended in a stalemate.
D)was witnessed by President Lincoln.
E)proved a severe blow to Confederate morale.

Question 61

In both the North and the South,draftees could avoid military service if they hired substitutes.

Question 62

Lincoln dared to fight the Civil War without a formal declaration of war,but he did not dare suspend habeas corpus.

Question 63

The Civil War helped transform nursing into a female profession,but these nurses encountered considerable resistance from male doctors.

Question 64

The Confederate constitution was almost identical to the Constitution of the United States.

Question 65

The Emancipation Proclamation was made into law by Congress.

Question 66

Black fighting men captured by the Confederates were treated the same as white prisoners of war.

Question 67

Jefferson Davis,unlike Lincoln,was a trained professional soldier.

Question 68

The Emancipation Proclamation did not apply to all of the slave states.

Question 69

Jefferson Davis was popularly elected to be the president of the Confederacy.

Question 70

Lincoln understood that the proper objective of his armies was the occupation of Confederate territory.

Question 71

Despite being a Democrat,Andrew Johnson was selected to run with Lincoln in 1864.

Question 72

African American mortality rates in the war were higher than that of whites.

Question 73

Feelings of states' rights were so strong in the South that it was impossible for the Confederate government to take any steps toward centralization.

Question 74

As commander in chief,Lincoln was given a fairly free hand by Congress in conducting the war as he saw fit.

Question 75

The National Woman's Loyal League worked simultaneously for the abolition of slavery and for the vote for women.

Question 76

George McClellan was the most important military commander in the Union.

Question 77

The Confederate constitution explicitly acknowledged the sovereignty of the individual states and the right of secession.

Question 78

The United States Sanitary Commission,an organization of civilian volunteers,was led by Horace Greeley.

Question 79

Charles Sumner was a "Radical Republican."

Question 80

The Confederacy financed the Civil War primarily by printing paper money.