Deck 31: The Move Toward Modernism

Question 1

Which of the following was an innovative pioneer of modern dance?

A)Degas
B)Rodin
C)Duncan
D)Bergson

Answer 1

C

Question 2

List some of the major figures of late nineteenth-century philosophy and literature,and their importance.

Answer 2

The most provocative thinker of the late nineteenth century was the German philosopher and poet Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche.Nietzsche was deeply critical of his own time,stating,"the European of today is vastly inferior in value to the European of the Renaissance." Calling for a revision of traditional values,he rejected organized religion,and attacked Christianity and other institutionalized religions as contributors to the formation of a "slave morality." He was equally critical of democratic institutions,which he saw as the embodiment of rule by mass mediocrity.His goal for humanity was the emergence of a "superman" (Übermensch),whose singular vision and courage would,in his view,produce a "master" morality.
In contrast to the pessimism of Nietzsche,Henri Bergson presented a more positive point of view.Bergson,the most important French philosopher of his time,offered a picture of the world that paralleled key developments in the arts and sciences and anticipated modern notions of time and space.According to Bergson,two primary powers,intellect and intuition,governed the lives of human beings.While intellect perceives experience in individual and discrete terms,intuition grasps experience as it really is:a perpetual stream of sensations.For Bergson,instinct (or intuition)is humankind's noblest faculty,and duration,or "perpetual becoming," is the very stuff of reality-the essence of life.

Question 3

Symbolist poets,such as Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud,devised a language of ________ that evoked (rather than described)feeling.

A)simple and general signs
B)sensation
C)numbers
D)natural sounds

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The ________ tried to record an instantaneous vision of their world,sacrificing the details of perceived objects in order to capture the effects of light and atmosphere.

A)Romantics
B)Realists
C)Impressionists
D)Mannerists

Question 5

The provocative German thinker ________,who detected in European materialism a deepening decadence,called for a revision of traditional values.

A)Debussy
B)Hegel
C)Einstein
D)Nietzsche

Question 6

Originating in ________,art nouveau ("new art")was an ornamental style that became enormously popular in the late nineteenth century.

A)Austria
B)Germany
C)France
D)Belgium

Question 7

Which of the following was famous for his posters of Parisian nightlife?

A)Cassatt
B)Toulouse-Lautrec
C)Renoir
D)Degas

Question 8

Louis Comfort Tiffany is famous for advancing the "new art" in which of the following mediums?

A)art glass
B)jewelry
C)porcelain
D)furniture

Question 9

Discuss the impact of science and technology on late nineteenth-century culture.

Question 10

________ presented a positive view of life as a vital impulse that evolved creatively and intuitively.

A)Bergson
B)Nietzsche
C)Hegel
D)Renoir

Question 11

Contributing to the European obsession with foreign culture was the World's Fair of 1880 held in which of the following cities?

A)Brussels
B)Philadelphia
C)London
D)Paris

Question 12

What medical innovation allowed Europeans to send expeditions into Africa without the fear of malaria?

A)aspirin
B)sulfa drugs
C)quinine
D)vitamin C

Question 13

What are some of the influences of non-Western cultures (Oceania,Africa,and Japan)on Western art and design?

Question 14

The use of many tiny dots to generate the impression of a solid form is called

A)impressionism.
B)pixilation.
C)pointillism.
D)abstraction.

Question 15

Describe Symbolism and Impressionism as styles in the arts of the West.

Question 16

Which of the following painters lived for many years in Tahiti?

A)Degas
B)Duncan
C)Gauguin
D)Rodin

Question 17

Explain how postimpressionism reflects the art-for-art's-sake spirit.

Question 18

________ fused the immediacy of the French painting fashion with the Classical demand for line and form;he is famous for his depictions of ballerinas.

A)Cassatt
B)Toulouse-Lautrec
C)Renoir
D)Degas

Question 19

Inspired by Indonesian music,Wagnerian opera,and Symbolist poetry,________ created a mood of reverie in the shifting harmonies of his Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun."

A)Faust
B)Beethoven
C)Debussy
D)Brahms

Question 20

According to the text,the first modernist painter was which of the following?

A)Toulouse-Lautrec
B)van Gogh
C)Gauguin
D)Cézanne