Deck 4: Union Structure and Government

Question 1

Craft unions formed the CIO.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers was originally a union of skilled electricians primarily involved in contract construction.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Local unions are probably less electorally democratic than governmental units.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In unionized employment,an individual cannot be both an employee and a union member.

Question 5

National unions vary in their interests and capabilities to adapt and innovate.

Question 6

The American Federation of State,County,and Municipal Employees is an industrial-type union organizing public employees outside the federal government and employees in private,nonprofit public-service organizations.

Question 7

National unions are ultimately governed by their conventions.

Question 8

A local union's jurisdiction does not affect its organizational structure.

Question 9

The AFL-CIO provides an overall direction to its affiliated nationals and technical assistance to individual nationals.

Question 10

Business agents ensure that contracts are being followed and refer members to available employment.

Question 11

The economic environment in which organized labor participates has remained unchanged over the past 30 years.

Question 12

The negotiation committee establishes local policy.

Question 13

In the UAW's organization,the national departments are the line portion of the organization.

Question 14

The local union is always an autonomous,freestanding organization.

Question 15

Wages of Independent Local Union members are about the same as those of employees belonging to affiliated locals.

Question 16

The local union represents employees in day-to-day dealings with the employer.

Question 17

Most national unions are full-time operations with officers being full-time unionists.

Question 18

International representatives,unlike many local union officers,are part-time union employees.

Question 19

Employees are hired to perform tasks to accomplish employer-defined objectives.

Question 20

Local union democracy is manifested in the way factions combine into coalitions around certain issues.

Question 21

What is the duty of stewards?

A) They represent grievants to the employer.
B) They ensure that contracts are being followed and refer members to available employment.
C) They forbid participation in union activities.
D) They prohibit locals from bargaining with the management.

Question 22

What is the duty of business agents in local unions?

A) They collect union dues.
B) They forbid participation in union activities.
C) They ensure that contracts are being followed and refer members to available employment.
D) They help locals who work on a permanent basis with the same employer.

Question 23

In _____ elections,incumbents are usually reelected unless the rank and file believes a critical issue has been mishandled.

A) local union
B) municipal
C) AFL-CIO
D) national

Question 24

Locals dealing with several employers often hire a _____ who ensures that contracts are being followed and refers members to available employment.

A) national union official
B) business agent
C) steward
D) field representative

Question 25

Local unions are most often chartered by and:

A) affiliated with a national union
B) affiliated with a labor federation
C) created by a symbiotic merger
D) created by a scale merger

Question 26

Many collective bargaining contracts recognize the vulnerability of the steward's advocative position by according it _____.

A) discretionary superiority
B) free riding status
C) superseniority
D) absolute authority

Question 27

The local union represents employees in _____ dealings with the employer.

A) discretionary
B) day-to-day
C) annual
D) inter-union

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true of stewards?

A) All stewards have experience representing employees before they assume their positions.
B) They are the most junior members of the unit.
C) They are activists;most are involved in other organizations outside their jobs.
D) They prohibit participation in union activities.

Question 29

Which of the following committee establishes local policy?

A) Symbiotic committee
B) Negotiation committee
C) Executive committee
D) Grievance committee

Question 30

Mergers fail to duplicate national union officers and services unless staffs are consolidated.

Question 31

A union's ability to service the workers it represents depends,to an extent,on the dues paid by members.

Question 32

_____ committee is made up of the local union's officers.

A) Symbiotic
B) Executive
C) Negotiation
D) Commensalistic

Question 33

At the work-unit level,_____ are elected or appointed,and represent grievants to the employer.

A) mentors
B) business agents
C) directors
D) stewards

Question 34

_____ form where employees of a particular employer organize without external assistance.

A) Labor federations
B) Central bodies
C) National unions
D) Independent locals

Question 35

Which of the following Acts requires local elections at least once every three years?

A) Landrum-Griffin Act
B) Wagner Act
C) Norris-La Guardia Act
D) Taft-Hartley Act

Question 36

Symbiotic mergers require agreements on the role of present union officers and the fate of local unions following the merger.

Question 37

The nationals and the AFL-CIO levy a per capita tax on the locals.

Question 38

Which of the following is true of local union democracy?

A) It is manifested in the way factions combine into coalitions around certain issues.
B) It is the lowest in newer,small locals.
C) Meetings to ratify contracts,discuss contract demands,and elect officers have the lowest attendance rates in a local union democracy.
D) Smaller locals and those whose members are higher skilled have lower attendances.

Question 39

Which of the following committees reviews members' grievances and negotiates with management over grievances and contract changes?

A) Political action committee
B) Negotiation committee
C) Executive committee
D) Benefits committee

Question 40

State and local central bodies are primarily involved in politics and lobbying.

Question 41

Most national unions elect officers at their _____,which are legally required to meet at least every five years.

A) independent local unions
B) executive committees
C) conventions
D) negotiation committees

Question 42

_____ are typically assigned to regional staffs and may be responsible for a number of locals.

A) Local members
B) International representatives
C) Stewards
D) Business agents

Question 43

Which of the following is true of the United Auto Workers?

A) It was originally a union of skilled electricians primarily involved in contract construction.
B) To best serve members in a consistent manner across the major manufacturers,the UAW established state departments.
C) The centralized organizational makeup of the UAW is largely a function of employer concentration of its active membership and the level at which economic bargaining occurs.
D) As the U.S.-based companies' share of the domestic market has declined,the proportion of auto workers represented by the UAW has increased tremendously.

Question 44

Since the formation of _____,there has been an increasing competition between national unions in organizing and raiding members.

A) Service Employees International Union
B) UNITE HERE
C) Change to Win
D) United Auto Workers

Question 45

Unions of the _____ type tend to be larger,operate in industries with a national product market,and have lower diversity in the types of workers they organize.

A) governance by rule
B) governance by meetings
C) governance by member opposition
D) governance by countervailing power

Question 46

Members do not generally feel a need to be "protected" from their union;on the contrary,it is _____ they worry about.

A) lack of membership
B) business agents
C) mediators
D) management

Question 47

Under _____ requirements,the union is required to apply the terms of contract equally to all bargaining-unit employees.

A) exclusive representation
B) negotiation committee
C) mandatory bargaining
D) superseniority

Question 48

_____ originally established jurisdictions over workers in specific crafts,industries,or other job territories.

A) The government
B) National unions
C) Political action committees
D) Corporate campaigns

Question 49

The joint councils are _____ bodies that administer activities among affiliated locals.

A) semiautonomous
B) autonomous
C) regulatory
D) dependent

Question 50

Which of the following is an industrial-type union organizing public employees outside the federal government and employees in private,nonprofit public-service organizations?

A) The American Federation of State,County,and Municipal Employees
B) The International Union of Operating Engineers
C) The International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
D) The United Auto Workers

Question 51

What is the major goal of national unions?

A) Bringing the AFL-CIO under their wing
B) Organizing an increasing number and share of the labor force
C) Providing representation services to enhance management well-being
D) Enhancing economic gains of the management

Question 52

Who are mainly organized under the American Federation of State,County,and Municipal Employees?

A) Skilled electricians primarily involved in contract construction
B) Workers in utilities,construction,telecommunications,broadcasting,manufacturing,railroads,and government
C) Public employees outside the federal government and employees in private,nonprofit public-service organizations
D) Workers in the fabrication and assembly of autos and trucks,airplanes,construction and agricultural equipment,and associated parts suppliers

Question 53

The centralized organizational makeup of the _____ is largely a function of employer concentration and the level at which economic bargaining occurs.

A) United Auto Workers
B) local unions
C) ILUs
D) International Brotherhood of Teamsters

Question 54

Which of the following have traditionally operated as either craft or industrial unions?

A) Executive committees
B) National unions
C) Political action committees
D) Local unions

Question 55

National unions that put more effort into planning devote more resources to organizing,participate in corporate campaigns,and form _____ committees.

A) negotiation
B) executive
C) political action
D) grievance

Question 56

Craft unions formed the _____.

A) AFL
B) CIO
C) UAW
D) SEIU

Question 57

Which system ensures that the labor contract meets union standards and is administered fairly for all bargaining unit members?

A) Closed shop agreement
B) Corporate campaign
C) Open shop agreement
D) Internal check-and-balance

Question 58

To best serve members in a consistent manner across the major manufacturers,the UAW established _____.

A) political action committees
B) executive committees
C) national departments
D) AFL-CIO

Question 59

A study of national unions found that planning for change was negatively related to _____.

A) the use of environmental scanning techniques
B) larger size
C) effective structuring of administrative activities
D) democratic structures

Question 60

Which of the following unions represents employees of a single employer and are not affiliated with a national or the AFL-CIO?

A) Service unions
B) Government unions
C) Independent local unions
D) Non-profit unions

Question 61

How can the national union democracy be measured?

Question 62

Which of the following refers to governance by rule?

A) Frequent use of meetings to determine organizational direction
B) Strong adherence to constitutions in determining rights and processes
C) Majority opposition controls leader direction
D) Limits on discretion resulting from significant ongoing organized potential opposition

Question 63

Which of the following is a form of merger in which two unions of roughly equal size merge to form a new union?

A) Absorption
B) Symbiotic
C) Amalgamation
D) Commensalistic

Question 64

Briefly explain the forms that union mergers take.What are the three types of mergers?

Question 65

The _____ simultaneously coordinates national union interests and directs state and city central body activities.

A) independent local union
B) AFL-CIO
C) local union
D) state central body

Question 66

Briefly describe the national structure of national unions.

Question 67

What are independent local unions? Explain their levels of effectiveness and wages.

Question 68

Explain what low attendance in local union meetings indicates,and how local union democracy is manifested.

Question 69

Which 1974 Act requires that pension administrators safeguard and prudently invest contributions made toward retirement?

A) Age Discrimination in Employment Act
B) Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act
C) The Employee Retirement Income Security Act
D) The Pension Protection Act

Question 70

Which of the following refers to a scale type of relationship between the merging partners?

A) A relationship in which two unions represent workers whose outputs are interdependent
B) A relationship in which two unions compete to organize the same employees
C) A relationship wherein a large union seeks to increase its efficiency or power
D) A relationship in which two unions represent the management

Question 71

List the four major dimensions along which local union jurisdictions are defined.

Question 72

Which of the following refers to governance by countervailing powers?

A) Frequent use of meetings to determine organizational direction
B) Majority opposition controls leader direction
C) Strong adherence to constitutions in determining rights and processes
D) Limits on discretion resulting from significant ongoing organized potential opposition

Question 73

Which of the following are said to be the easiest mergers because the needs of the merged membership may have little overlap?

A) Scale mergers
B) Commensalistic mergers
C) Symbiotic mergers
D) Cannibalistic mergers

Question 74

_____ mergers require agreements on the role of present union officers and the fate of local unions following the merger.

A) Conglomeration
B) Scale
C) Symbiotic
D) Commensalistic

Question 75

The _____,as well as state criminal codes,specify a variety of illegal financial transactions for labor unions.

A) Landrum-Griffin Act
B) Wagner Act
C) Fair Labor Practices Act
D) Title VII,Civil Rights Act

Question 76

Describe state and local central bodies.

Question 77

Briefly discuss the responsibilities of the AFL-CIO.

Question 78

Who are stewards? Describe their roles and responsibilities.

Question 79

Describe the channels of funds available to unions.

Question 80

_____ aims at enhancing union members' employment outcomes through collective bargaining.

A) Representation
B) Litigation
C) Boycott
D) Coercion