Deck 7: Cognitive Therapy

Question 1

When an individual is predisposed under stress to misinterpret information in a biased fashion, cognitive theory would state that the individual is exhibiting a:

A)cognitive vulnerability.
B)primal mode.
C)cognitive profile.
D)sociotropic personality.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Structures that contain an individual's core beliefs and assumptions are labeled:

A)automatic thoughts.
B)cognitive distortions.
C)cognitive schemas.
D)voluntary thoughts.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Collaborative empiricism assumes the patient can play the role of a:

A)practical scientist.
B)therapist for their family.
C)verbal debater.
D)computer analyst.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Research on depression in the 1960s, which served as the foundation of cognitive therapy, was conducted by:

A)Albert Bandura.
B)Aaron Beck.
C)Albert Ellis.
D)Donald Meichenbaum.

Question 5

Cognitive and psychodynamic therapies are similar in that both theorize that:

A)meanings behind behavior are readily accessible to conscious interpretation.
B)behavior can be influenced by beliefs one is not immediately aware.
C)a patient's self-report is a screen for more deeply concealed ideas.
D)therapy should be highly structured, directive and short-term.

Question 6

Beck's two personality dimensions, or modes of behavior, he hypothesized were related to depression are:

A)introversion and extraversion.
B)sociotropy and autonomy.
C)neuroticism and psychoticism.
D)stability and instability.

Question 7

The theory behind cognitive therapy asserts that:

A)unconscious conflicts from childhood lead to pathology.
B)all psychopathology results from cognitive distortions.
C)thoughts precede and determine emotions and behavior.
D)altering thoughts influences feelings, motivations and behaviors.

Question 8

In contrast to rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), cognitive therapists hypothesize that:

A)problems in cognitive processing are philosophical.
B)similar irrational beliefs underlie all psychopathology.
C)beliefs are categorized as rational or irrational .
D)each mental disorder has its specific cognitive content.

Question 9

A cognitive therapist will label a non-adaptive thought as:

A)irrational.
B)unconscious.
C)dysfunctional.
D)pathological.

Question 10

Studies comparing the efficacy of cognitive therapy versus medication for depression have found cognitive therapy:

A)is not as effective as medication.
B)is superior or equal to medication.
C)has lower long term effects.
D)does not reduce suicidal ideation.

Question 11

Guided discovery refers to the process by which a therapist:

A)serves as a guide to clarify problem behaviors and thoughts.
B)assists a patient to resolve unconscious conflicts.
C)confronts and persuades patients to change thoughts.
D)guides an exploration of a patient's dreams and fantasies.

Question 12

Which of the following was NOT a primary influence on the theory behind cognitive therapy?

A)Phenomenological psychology
B)Structural theory
C)Computer technology
D)Cognitive psychology

Question 13

Primal modes refer to modes that are:

A)developed before age 5-6.
B)universal and related to survival.
C)necessary for human relating.
D)triggered by misperceptions.

Question 14

Bandura would argue that the most effective way to change a thought is to teach a patient to:

A)argue with their thoughts.
B)change a behavior.
C)adopt the beliefs of the therapist.
D)explore childhood experiences.

Question 15

Cognitive theory asserts individuals with personality disorders are largely operating from:

A)selfless motivations.
B)meta thought.
C)primal modes.
D)deliberate thinking.

Question 16

In contrast to Albert Ellis, who confronted patients about their beliefs, Aaron Beck's approach was:

A)more collaborative.
B)non-directive.
C)less empirically based.
D)focused on irrational beliefs.

Question 17

Beck's research suggests suicide risk is associated with:

A)hopelessness.
B)personalization.
C)infantile sexuality.
D)irrationality.

Question 18

The cognitive model of depression postulates three specific concepts that are:

A)depression, anxiety and neuroticism.
B)congruence, empathy, and unconditional positive regard.
C)cognitive triad, schemas, and cognitive errors.
D)irrationality, rationality and masturbation.

Question 19

Which of the following would create the most significant change in a dysfunctional mode for a patient?

A)Altering automatic thoughts
B)Providing reassurance and empathy
C)Teaching distraction and relaxation techniques
D)Modifying core beliefs

Question 20

The multi-site study conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health on treatment of depression showed:

A)interpersonal and cognitive therapy were as effective as medication for moderately depressed patients.
B)cognitive therapy was the treatment of choice for severely depressed patients.
C)cognitive therapy was more effective than placebo for severely depressed patients.
D)patients receiving medications had the lowest relapse rate at one year follow-up.

Question 21

Which of the following is a primary goal in the initial cognitive therapy interview?

A)Transference development
B)Symptom relief
C)Non-directiveness
D)Dream analysis

Question 22

Drawing a specific conclusion without supporting evidence, or even in the face of contradictory evidence, is defined as:

A)dichotomous thinking.
B)magnification.
C)personalization.
D)arbitrary inference.

Question 23

Cognitive therapists encourage patients to use _________________ reasoning, whereas REBT therapists rely on __________________ reasoning.

Question 24

Kate has anorexia nervosa and when she gains one pound she believes she is fat.If she loses one pound, she can perceive herself as thin.Kate's thought process reflects:

A)arbitrary inference.
B)dichotomous thinking.
C)magnification.
D)personalization.

Question 25

The cognitions that are most accessible and least stable are:

A)core beliefs.
B)voluntary thoughts.
C)assumptions.
D)automatic thoughts.

Question 26

In cognitive therapy, a patient learns to eliminate negative or dysfunctional thoughts by learning beliefs that are:

A)irrational.
B)absolute.
C)positive.
D)realistic.

Question 27

Assisting a patient in initiating a task at a non-threatening level and then gradually increasing the task difficulty is referred to as:

A)hypothesis testing.
B)diversion.
C)roleplaying.
D)graded task assignment.

Question 28

Which of the following disorders is associated with an inflated view of self and future?

A)Anxiety disorder
B)Obsession
C)Hypomania
D)Compulsion

Question 29

In paranoia, an individual has an inflated sense of:

A)worthlessness.
B)grandiosity.
C)injustice.
D)responsibility.

Question 30

A cognitive distortion refers to:

A)lying to protect one's self-image.
B)distortion of past memories.
C)a systematic error in reasoning.
D)drug induced shifts in beliefs.

Question 31

Attributing external events to oneself without evidence supporting a causal connection is termed:

A)personalization.
B)selective abstraction.
C)overgeneralization.
D)arbitrary inference.

Question 32

A patient with anorexia nervosa believes that she is thin when she exercises, but fat if she eats.This would be an example of the ___________________ cognitive distortion.

Question 33

Which disorder is associated with catastrophic interpretations of bodily/mental experiences?

A)Panic disorder
B)Paranoia
C)Depression
D)Anorexia nervosa

Question 34

Cognitive theory states that an individual's fundamental beliefs and assumptions are contained in structures termed __________________.

Question 35

Shannon has a history of chronic depression.According to cognitive theory, which statement likely represents her thought process upon discovering she has failed an exam?

A)I can study harder next time and improve my grade.
B)Yesterday was an unlucky day for me to take an exam.
C)It was a poorly written examination by a poor teacher.
D)I'm a failure, always have been and always will be.

Question 36

According to cognitive theory, thoughts _________________ shifts in emotions.

Question 37

For which of the following disorders has CT shown the largest treatment effect size?

A)Bulimia nervosa
B)Chronic pain
C)Panic disorder
D)Schizophrenia

Question 38

Cognitive therapy is not appropriate as an exclusive treatment for:

A)unipolar depression.
B)panic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)bipolar disorder.

Question 39

A cognitive therapist treating a patient with suicidal ideation would focus on _________________ because it is a strong predictor of eventual suicide.

Question 40

Asking a patient to ponder "what if" scenarios about feared consequences is known as:

A)redefining.
B)reattribution.
C)decatastrophizing.
D)decentering.

Question 41

Early in treatment, a cognitive therapist may rely more on _______________ techniques; later in treatment, the focus shifts towards ______________ techniques.

Question 42

Cognitive theory recognizes all humans make mistakes in processing information and hypothesizes that it is ___________________biases in processing that leads to psychopathology.

Question 43

Through _________________ cognitive therapy patients create homework assignments for themselves called "behavioral experiments" with input from their therapist.

Question 44

The preferred method of dialoguing with a patient in cognitive therapy is through the use of ______________________ questions.

Question 45

The belief hierarchy proposed in cognitive theory goes from ___________________ (the most stable, least accessible cognitions) to _______________________ (the least stable but most accessible cognitions).