Deck 34: Plant Reproduction and Growth

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of a fruit?

A)to disseminate seeds
B)to reward animals for pollination
C)to feed the growing embryo of the plant
D)to distract predators from the main plant

Answer 1

A

Question 2

This is the primary growth-promoting hormone of plants.

A)Abscisic acid
B)Cytokinin
C)Auxin
D)Gibberellin

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Dioecious plants have:

A)perfect flowers
B)both male and female flowers
C)male or female flowers
D)only asexual reproduction

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When plants reproduce asexually,the offspring are called:

A)embryos
B)seeds
C)clones
D)carpels

Question 5

When applied to underripe fruit,the hormone _____________ hastens ripening.

A)auxin
B)gibberellin
C)ethylene
D)abscisic acid

Question 6

The plant response in which stems grow upward and roots grow downward is called:

A)phototropism
B)gravitropism
C)thigmotropism
D)photoperiodism

Question 7

Which of these is a method evolved by angiosperms to attract pollinators to their flowers?

A)Offer them nectar
B)Colorful petals
C)Scent
D)All of these are correct.

Question 8

The entire series of events that occur between fertilization and maturity are called development.

Question 9

Germination of the embryo within the seed does not take place until:

A)any amount of sunlight strikes the seed
B)daylength is appropriate for the plant
C)water and oxygen reach the embryo
D)the seed has passed through the gut of an animal

Question 10

Some plants reproduce asexually through horizontal stems called:

A)suckers
B)runners
C)rhizomes
D)both runners and rhizomes

Question 11

Early in the development of an angiosperm embryo,the embryo becomes dormant.This dormancy occurs:

A)after the seed coat is fully formed.
B)once the root and shoot have penetrated the seed coat.
C)after apical meristems and the cotyledons are differentiated.
D)after the seed coat is fully formed and after apical meristems and the cotyledons are differentiateD.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 12

Flowers which contain only male or female structures are called:

A)perfect
B)imperfect
C)clones
D)gametophytes

Question 13

The phenomenon known as phototropism is due to the plant hormone _____________,which regulates cell growth.

A)abscisic acid
B)cytokinin
C)auxin
D)gibberellin

Question 14

What characteristic describes wind-pollinated plants?

A)Small,greenish flowers
B)Plants grow in close proximity to each other
C)Red flowers to attract birds
D)Small,greenish flowers and plants grow in close proximity to each other only
E)All of these are correct.

Question 15

_________________ is a plant hormone that causes the dormancy of many seeds.

A)Abscisic acid
B)Cytokinin
C)Auxin
D)Gibberellin

Question 16

In angiosperms,an unusual reproductive process involving two sperm cells occurs,called:

A)self-pollination
B)double fertilization
C)pollen tube formation
D)germination

Question 17

Synthetic __________,such as 2,4-D,are routinely used to control weeds and are applied in concentrations higher than would occur in the plant tissues.

A)auxins
B)cytokinins
C)gibberellins
D)ethylenes

Question 18

The response of plants to touch is known as:

A)phototropism
B)gravitropism
C)thigmotropism
D)photoperiodism

Question 19

When a plant blocks fertilization after recognizing pollen as genetically related,this is called:

A)self-incompatibility
B)self-fertilization
C)outcrossing
D)self-pollination

Question 20

Male gametophytes are also known as _________________ and they develop into microspores.

A)embryo sac
B)megaspore
C)pollen grains
D)anthers

Question 21

Who wrote the book "The Power of Movement in Plants?"

A)Linus Pauling
B)Louis Pasteur
C)Charles Darwin
D)Francis Crick
E)Fritts Went

Question 22

Once a pollen grain reaches the stigma of a flower,it begins to grow a _____________ that pierces the style.

Question 23

This hormone is used commercially to space out the flowers of grape vines by extending the internode lengths so the fruits have more room to grow and become larger.

A)Abscisic acid
B)Cytokinin
C)Auxin
D)Gibberellin
E)Ethylene

Question 24

All of the following fruits are classified as drupes except:

A)olives
B)pears
C)plums
D)cherries

Question 25

This hormone,in combination with auxin,stimulates cell division in plants and determines the course of differentiation.

A)Abscisic acid
B)Cytokinin
C)Auxin
D)Gibberellin
E)Ethylene

Question 26

In plants,hormones are produced in endocrine glands.

Question 27

What is the mechanism by which synthetic auxins are routinely used to control weeds?

A)They cause weeds to grow so fast they reduce their ATP production,so no energy is left for other essential plant functions.
B)They disrupt the plasma membrane of plant cells,causing them to leak and die.
C)They interfere with protein synthesis in the cell.
D)They interfere with DNA synthesis in the cell.
E)They cause the plant cell wall to disintegratE.

Question 28

The __________ and ___________ give rise to all of the other cells of the adult plant.

A)phloem;xylem
B)shoot apical meristem;root apical meristem
C)vascular cambium;cork cambium
D)pericycle;bud primordia
E)bud primordial;leaf primordia

Question 29

When pollen from a flower's anther pollinates the same flower's stigma,the process is called _____________________.

Question 30

Which of the following types of plants produce "suckers",or sprouts,which give rise to new plants?

A)Cherry
B)Apple
C)Raspberry
D)Blackberry
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 31

The house plant Kalanchoe daigremontiana produces ____________ to reproduce asexually.

A)runners
B)adventitious plantlets
C)suckers
D)rhizomes

Question 32

The first leaves that emerge from a seed are the _________________.

Question 33

Which of the following plants produces seeds that germinate successfully under water?

A)Corn
B)Apples
C)Rice
D)Wheat
E)Daffodils

Question 34

Within the embryo sac of the angiosperm,______ nuclei are arranged in precise positions.

A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8
E)10

Question 35

Your brother asks you to bring him a pomes.Which of the following would you give him?

A)Pear
B)Grape
C)Tomato
D)Pepper
E)Olive

Question 36

_____ is the mechanism by which organisms measure seasonal changes in relative day and night length.

Question 37

The length of daylight affects flowering,a process called:

A)phototropism
B)gravitropism
C)thigmotropism
D)photoperiodism

Question 38

It is now thought that __________ causes _____________ synthesis and this latter hormone is responsible for causing leaves to fall from trees.

A)auxin;cytokinin
B)cytokinin;gibberellin
C)abscisic acid;ethylene
D)gibberellin;ethylene

Question 39

The female gametophyte,or megagametophyte,is the ________________ which develops from a megaspore.

Question 40

All plants have both male and female reproductive structures together in the same individual flower.

Question 41

P_r changes to P_fr after absorbing ____________ nm wavelength of light.

Question 42

The response of plants to touch is called _______________________.

Question 43

Describe how the length of a long night allows for flowering in short day plants.

Question 44

How do the flowers of wind-pollinated plants differ from those of insect-pollinated plants?

Question 45

In short day plants,the P_fr form of phytochrome suppresses ____________.

Question 46

Give an example of a wind-pollinated plant._____________________

Question 47

Flowering plants respond to day and night length in part through the pigment ________________,which occurs in two forms.

Question 48

Explain the significance of the 1950s experiments of F.C.Steward was able to induce differentiated carrot cells to form an entire carrot plant.This was evidence that even differentiated cells still possessed all of the genetic material needed for the differentiation of entire plants.F.C.Steward.

Question 49

Describe double fertilization.

Question 50

Describe how adventitious plantlets form.