Deck 16: Toward a Tobacco-Free Self and Society

Question 1

What percentage of Inuit people smoke?

A)25
B)40
C)55
D)70

Answer 1

70

Question 2

What percentage of smokers started before they were 18?

A)15
B)30
C)50
D)85

Answer 2

85

Question 3

On average,a regular user of tobacco can go how long between dosages of nicotine before negative effects begin to happen?

A)no more than 10 minutes
B)no more than 20 minutes
C)no more than 40 minutes
D)no more than 75 minutes

Answer 3

no more than 40 minutes

Question 4

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding smoking?

A)Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in CanadA.
B)Tobacco use accounts for nearly one of every five adult deaths.
C)Research now suggests that there is little health risk to non-smokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
D)Smoking affects the health of people at all stages of life.

Question 5

Which of the following is an effect of nicotine?

A)blood vessel dilation
B)increased formation of urine
C)increased heart rate
D)lowered blood pressure

Question 6

The predominant psychoactive drug in tobacco is

A)phenol.
B)nicotine.
C)benzopyrene.
D)tar.

Question 7

What is the addictive drug in tobacco?

A)THC
B)benzopyrene
C)eugenol
D)nicotine

Question 8

Which of the following areas of the body will be adversely affected by tobacco?

A)brain
B)stomach
C)reproductive organs
D)All of these areas will be adversely affected by tobacco.

Question 9

Scientists have discovered that a gene called ___________ appears to influence the progression of smoking in adolescence.

A)DRD2
B)CRP2
C)DSM3
D)LDL4

Question 10

The primary reason people continue to use tobacco despite the health risks is because

A)they lack the necessary knowledge to make an informed decision.
B)they have become addicted to nicotine.
C)they do not perceive the risks associated with smoking as serious as the research suggests.
D)the substances carbon monoxide and tar produce extremely pleasurable sensations in the brain.

Question 11

People who quit smoking suddenly may have all of the following symptoms,EXCEPT

A)depression.
B)muscular pains.
C)nausea.
D)increased attentiveness.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding teenagers who smoke?

A)Over half of the teenagers who try cigarettes progress to daily use.
B)Compared with older smokers,teenagers become heavy smokers and develop dependence after a few cigarettes.
C)In polls,the majority of smoking teens wished they had never started.
D)Many teenagers believe that they will not be able to stop smoking when they want to.

Question 13

Lynette has not had a cigarette for over an hour.Which of the following is she likely to experience?

A)feeling edgy
B)feeling irritable
C)difficulty concentrating
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following adolescents is more likely to use tobacco?

A)one who comes from a middle class family
B)one who has peers who use tobacco
C)one who has negative attitudes about tobacco
D)one who comes from a white-color family

Question 15

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding tobacco use?

A)Most smokers want to keep smoking.
B)Most smokers who stop smoking as a result of attending a stop-smoking clinic stay tobacco-free.
C)Stopping the use of smokeless tobacco may be more difficult than stopping smoking.
D)Some tobacco users reduce health risks by using nicotine-free tobacco.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding nicotine?

A)Nicotine is a powerful psychoactive drug.
B)Research supports the conclusion that nicotine is highly addictive.
C)Nicotine is considered a powerful depressant.
D)Nicotine has the ability to affect one's mooD.

Question 17

Most of the symptoms of physical dependence to smoking pass in

A)10 to 12 hours.
B)2 to 3 days.
C)3 to 4 weeks.
D)3 to 5 months.

Question 18

Which of the following situations is a secondary reinforcer to tobacco use?

A)When Margie drinks at a bar,she has a habit of smoking cigarettes.
B)When Dustin plays baseball,he uses spit tobacco.
C)When Sharon studies for her upcoming exam,she has to smoke a cigarette.
D)All of these choices are examples of secondary reinforcers to tobacco use.

Question 19

A student _______________ is most likely to be a cigarette smoker.

A)from a two-parent family
B)with parents who smoke
C)from a family of professionals
D)from a wealthy family

Question 20

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding tobacco advertising?

A)Tobacco ads do not appear to have any impact on children until the teen years.
B)Advertising has a powerful influence on tobacco-use behaviour.
C)Adolescents tend to choose brand-name tobacco products that are heavily advertised.
D)Tobacco companies target users by associating tobacco use with confidence and sexual attractiveness.

Question 21

Which of the following is the MOST widespread cause of death among smokers?

A)stroke
B)coronary heart disease
C)lung cancer
D)emphysema

Question 22

Smoking contributes to heart disease in which one of the following ways?

A)It exposes the heart tissue to benzo(a)pyrene.
B)It reduces high-density lipoproteins.
C)It exposes the heart tissue to arseniC.
D)It reduces low-density lipoproteins

Question 23

Heart disease caused by the deposit of fatty substances in the walls of the arteries is called

A)emphysemA.
B)myocardial infarction.
C)atherosclerosis.
D)high cholesterol.

Question 24

Loss of lung tissue elasticity is characteristic of

A)emphysemA.
B)bronchitis.
C)pulmonary edema.
D)pneumonia.

Question 25

"Chest pain due to coronary heart disease" defines

A)angina pectoris.
B)myocardial infarction.
C)coronary thrombosis.
D)congestive heart failure.

Question 26

If something causes cancer,it is called a(n)

A)toxin.
B)carcinogen.
C)malignancy.
D)infector.

Question 27

Smoking affects hunger by

A)increasing a person's appetite.
B)depressing hunger contractions.
C)increasing the sensitivity of taste buds.
D)decreasing blood sugar level.

Question 28

An ingredient in tobacco smoke that seriously limits the body's ability to use oxygen is

A)benzopyrene.
B)carbon monoxide.
C)formaldehyde.
D)tar.

Question 29

Respiratory cilia

A)signal the body that respiratory poisons are present.
B)absorb smoke.
C)facilitate gas exchange.
D)keep air passages free of dust and mucus.

Question 30

When smoking a cigarette,the rate of absorption of chemicals into the body is

A)greatest during the last third of the cigarette.
B)greatest during the first third of the cigarette.
C)greatest when the midpoint of the cigarette is reached.
D)constant as the cigarette is smokeD.

Question 31

What is the leading cause of cancer death in women?

A)lung cancer
B)breast cancer
C)ovarian cancer
D)cervical cancer

Question 32

After quitting smoking,approximately how long does it take an ex-smoker's risk of lung cancer to drop to half that of a continuing smoker's risk?

A)6 months
B)1 year
C)5 years
D)10 years

Question 33

What role does ammonia play in cigarettes?

A)It enhances the flavor.
B)It masks the harsh bitter taste of tobacco.
C)It boosts the amount of nicotine absorbed into the blood.
D)It opens the lungs' airway and makes it easier for nicotine to get into the blooD.

Question 34

Which of the following substances are additives found in cigarettes?

A)ammonia
B)potassium citrate
C)aluminum
D)All of these are additives found in cigarettes.

Question 35

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding coronary heart disease and smoking?

A)Smokers have a death rate from CHD that is 95 percent higher than nonsmokers have.
B)CHD is the most widespread single cause of death for cigarette smokers.
C)CHD deaths associated with cigarette smoking are most common in people age 40 to 50.
D)Sudden and unexpected death is a common result of CHD,especially in smokers.

Question 36

A heart attack caused by plaque that blocks a coronary artery is called

A)atherosclerosis.
B)a myocardial infarction.
C)an aortic aneurysm.
D)an aortic coarctation.

Question 37

Which of the following cancers is linked with smoking?

A)esophageal
B)kidney
C)pancreatic
D)All of the these cancers are linked with smoking.

Question 38

When particles of tobacco smoke condense,they form a brown sticky mass called

A)snuff.
B)tar.
C)nicotine.
D)stearic aciD.

Question 39

Smokers who switch to low-tar or low-nicotine cigarettes will probably NOT reduce the health risks of smoking because

A)they take smaller puffs and take longer to smoke each cigarette.
B)they do not inhale as deeply.
C)tar is not the risky ingredient in cigarettes.
D)they are likely to smoke more cigarettes to maintain blood nicotine levels.

Question 40

Which of the following cardiovascular diseases is linked to cigarette smoking?

A)stroke
B)pulmonary heart disease
C)aortic aneurysm
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 41

Which of the following statements is TRUE about spit tobacco?

A)Changes in gums and lips usually occur after 6 months of using spit tobacco.
B)Holding an average size dip in the mouth for 30 minutes delivers about the same amount of nicotine as two or three cigarettes.
C)Oral sores are a rare side effect of its use.
D)Spit tobacco does not contain chemicals known to cause cancer.

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a major form of spit tobacco?

A)clove
B)snuff
C)twists
D)chew

Question 43

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding quitting smoking?

A)Research suggests that tobacco users go through many stages before actually quitting.
B)Most smokers attempt to quit several times before they finally succeed.
C)Research shows stopping "cold turkey" is the most effective way to quit smoking.
D)Relapse is a normal part of the process when one attempts to quit smoking.

Question 44

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the cumulative effects of tobacco use?

A)A male who begins smoking before the age of 15 and continues to smoke is only half as likely to live to age 75 as a male who never smokes.
B)Smokers spend more than three-quarters more time away from their jobs because of illness than nonsmokers.
C)Smokers show a greater rate of acute and chronic disease than those who never smoked.
D)Smokers become disabled at a younger age than nonsmokers.

Question 45

Which of the following is an effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

A)lung cancer
B)sinus infections
C)allergies
D)All of these choices are effects of ETS.

Question 46

Small cigarettes imported from India that contain species of tobacco different from those used by North American cigarette manufacturers are called

A)cloves.
B)chicartas.
C)kreteks.
D)bidis.

Question 47

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

A)A nonsmoker is not affected by ETS after leaving the smoky environment.
B)ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of heart disease.
C)ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of lung cancer.
D)Children are commonly affected by ETS.

Question 48

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding smoking and pregnancy?

A)Smoking almost doubles a pregnant woman's chance of having a miscarriage.
B)Research indicates maternal smoking is not a major risk factor in low birth weight.
C)Maternal smoking causes an estimated 100 infant deaths each year.
D)Smoking significantly increases a women's chance of ectopic pregnancy.

Question 49

Smoke emitted from the burning end of a cigarette,cigar,or pipe is referred to as _______________ smoke.

A)mainstream
B)primary
C)secondary
D)sidestream

Question 50

White or red patches that appear in the mouth as a result of using spit tobacco are called

A)leukoplakiA.
B)gingivitis.
C)dental caries.
D)cancer.

Question 51

A type of white blood cell that works to remove foreign particles from the respiratory tract is called

A)T-cells.
B)blastocysts.
C)B-cells.
D)macrophages.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding cigar use?

A)The popularity of cigars is highest among white males with higher-than-average incomes.
B)Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.
C)Cigar smoke contains fewer toxins and carcinogens than does smoke from cigarettes.
D)Nicotine from cigars is absorbed through the gums and lining of the mouth.

Question 53

Clove cigarettes

A)contain fewer toxic components than regular tobacco.
B)contain more tar,nicotine,and carbon monoxide than do regular tobacco cigarettes.
C)do not have the same health risks as regular tobacco.
D)are a safe alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes.

Question 54

The primary effects of ETS on children are

A)temporary.
B)related to the respiratory system.
C)minimal.
D)dependant on the gender of the chilD.

Question 55

Lynette has quit smoking.She can expect all of the following changes to occur,EXCEPT

A)an enhanced sense of taste.
B)an increase in lung function.
C)a lack of improvement in circulation.
D)an increase in energy levels.

Question 56

Smoke that the smoker exhales is referred to as _______________ smoke.

A)mainstream
B)primary
C)sidestream
D)secondary

Question 57

Which of the following lingers in the bloodstream for 5 hours after exposure to ETS?

A)carbon monoxide
B)nicotine
C)tar
D)hydrogen cyanide

Question 58

Which of the following is TRUE regarding secondhand smoke?

A)The harmful effects of secondhand smoke are not immediate.
B)Children exposed to secondhand smoke are more likely to die of sudden infant death syndrome.
C)The U.S.Surgeon General has concluded that secondhand smoke in low or moderate levels is safe.
D)Adequate ventilation is sufficient to protect people from secondhand smoke.

Question 59

Health consequences related to the use of spit tobacco are likely to include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)gum disease.
B)oral cancer.
C)bone loss around the teeth.
D)lung cancer.

Question 60

Which of the following health concerns are associated with smoking?

A)ulcers
B)dental disease
C)reduced fertility in men and women
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 61

Nicotine acts very similarly in the brain to which of the following drugs?

A)cocaine
B)heroine
C)alcohol
D)A and B

Question 62

Nicotine causes the release of which chemical messengers?

A)epinephrine
B)norepinephrine
C)dopamine
D)all of the above

Question 63

What percentage of First Nations on reserve smoke?

A)30
B)50
C)60
D)80

Question 64

Smoking is _____ times more prevalent among people with mental health issues compared to the general population.

A)2
B)2 to 4
C)3 to 5
D)6

Question 65

To increase the chance for success when attempting to quit smoking,you should

A)wear a nicotine patch while you smoke.
B)substitute smokeless tobacco for cigarettes.
C)substitute clove cigarettes.
D)tell your family and friends you want support.

Question 66

How many known carcinogens are found in cigarettes?

A)12
B)27
C)43
D)51

Question 67

On average,how many years does a male smoker lose from his life?

A)2.5
B)4.5
C)6.5
D)8.5

Question 68

What percentage of Inuit smoke?

A)30
B)50
C)70
D)90

Question 69

Approximately how many Canadians are smokers?

A)2.1 million
B)3.1 million
C)4.1 million
D)5.1 million

Question 70

Which group based on educational attainment has the highest rate of smoking?

A)less than high school
B)finished high school
C)some postsecondary
D)postsecondary graduate

Question 71

On average,how many years does a female smoker lose from his life?

A)2.5
B)4.5
C)6.5
D)8.5

Question 72

Which group based on educational attainment has the highest rate of smoking?

A)less than high school
B)finished high school
C)some postsecondary
D)postsecondary graduate

Question 73

What percentage of smoking teens wish they never started to smoke?

A)25
B)40
C)55
D)70

Question 74

Which group based on educational attainment has the lowest rate of smoking?

A)less than high school
B)finished high school
C)some postsecondary
D)postsecondary graduate

Question 75

Nicotine enhances which of the following?

A)concentration
B)alertness
C)rapid information processing
D)all of the above

Question 76

What is the average age that a Canadian starts smoking?

A)10
B)12
C)14
D)16

Question 77

On average,how many quit attempts does it take a smoker before he/she quits successfully?

A)2.2
B)3.2
C)4.2
D)5.2

Question 78

Stimuli that are not necessarily pleasurable in themselves but that are associated with other stimuli that are pleasurable are called:

A)primary reinforcers.
B)secondary reinforcers.
C)tertiary reinforcers.
D)reinforcers.

Question 79

What percentage of Canadian university students described themselves as smokers?

A)10
B)20
C)30
D)40

Question 80

What percentage of smokers who try to quit will relapse?

A)23 percent
B)43 percent
C)63 percent
D)83 percent