Deck 2: International and Organizational Culture

Question 1

As the needs of an organization change,its employees must adapt to those new needs.That is,they must continue to be socialized.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In countries in which people display low power distance,employees acknowledge the boss's authority and typically follow the chain of command.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: In countries in which people display high power distance, employees acknowledge the boss's authority and typically follow the chain of command.

Question 3

Employees that are cultural misfits may present specific and significant harm to an organization,and as such,they should be separated with due haste.

Answer 3

False
Explanation: Weeding out cultural misfits might be necessary, but it should be done only after weighing the costs and benefits of losing talented performers who deviate from the core cultural value system.

Question 4

Rituals,history,humor,and employee rewards have established and reinforced a strong culture that resulted in Nordstrom's being recognized as a leader in how to treat customers.

Question 5

In countries with high masculinity,one finds less conflict and stress when it comes to balancing home and work life.

Question 6

One impact of culture on employees indicate that it provides and encourages a form of stability.

Question 7

A person's feelings and perceptions are usually kept at the conscious level.

Question 8

A strong culture is characterized by employees sharing core values but not necessarily agreeing with the way things should be done within the organization.

Question 9

An organization's culture can't be seen,sensed,or felt.

Question 10

Terry adheres to required dress code without complaint.This compliance may be taken as a general indicator of Terry's cultural commitment.

Question 11

The extent to which subordinates accept unequal power is the same across countries.

Question 12

Southwest Airlines has established a strong culture in part due to its hiring practices.Their approach is to hire candidate if they possess the company's core values.

Question 13

Organizational culture creates a pattern of beliefs,values,and expectations in employees.

Question 14

The effect of values on workplace productivity and effectiveness is easily determined.

Question 15

In the role management stage of socialization,individuals become organizational members and see the job and organization for what they are.

Question 16

Generally,individuals having unmanaged stress works to the advantage of the organization.

Question 17

Organizations can operate efficiently only when shared values exist among the employees.

Question 18

Values are a society's ideas about what is right or wrong,such as the belief that hurting someone is immoral.

Question 19

Values do not simply appear they evolve.

Question 20

Individuals who experience realism and congruence during the anticipatory stage of socialization have a less stressful accommodation stage.

Question 21

Performance orientation is the degree to which:

A) Members of organizations are aggressive and confrontational in social relationships.
B) Individuals in a society are rewarded for performance improvement and excellence.
C) Members of a society or organization use rules, regulations, and social norms to avoid uncertainty or unpredictable future events.
D) Individuals express loyalty, pride, and cohesiveness in their organizations and families.

Question 22

____________ is the sum total of the beliefs,rituals,rules,customs,artifacts,and institutions that characterize the population of the nation.

A) Culture
B) A national culture
C) A national perspective
D) A guiding perspective

Question 23

Over the past decade research in to spirituality has grown out of favor.

Question 24

Within the Globe Project,________________ refers to the degree to which individuals in an organization are rewarded for being friendly,altruistic,fair,caring,and kind to others.

A) egalitarianism
B) agreeable orientation
C) humane orientation
D) altruistic orientation

Question 25

In countries with lower levels of uncertainty avoidance,_______________.

A) organizational activities are less formal
B) more risk taking occurs
C) there is high job mobility
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 26

People are attracted to mentors who look,act and communicate like them.

Question 27

Mentoring relationships generally last from six months to nine months.

Question 28

Considerable conflict between job and family roles reflects a high level of the societal value of _______________.

A) power distance
B) masculinity
C) uncertainty avoidance
D) individualism

Question 29

_______________ is the degree to which members of a society or organization use rules,regulations,and social norms to avoid uncertainty or unpredictable future events.

A) Power distance
B) Societal collectivism
C) Future orientation
D) Uncertainty avoidance

Question 30

Workplace spirituality is the same as workplace religion.

Question 31

Within the Globe Project,________________ refers to the extent to which an organization avoids gender discrimination and role inequities.

A) masculinity
B) gender egalitarianism
C) gender orientation
D) justice

Question 32

A company's annual report,approved dress code,and office layout are examples of _______________ within an organization.

A) symbols
B) sages
C) compliance producing items
D) artifacts

Question 33

The Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE)project was conceived by ____________.

A) Geert Hofstede
B)
C) Robert House
D) Ronald King
E)H. Schein

Question 34

__________ are the conscious,affective desires or wants of people that guide behavior.

A) Cultures
B) Values
C) Needs
D) Wants

Question 35

The values,norms,customs,and rituals of cultures are influenced by _______________.

A) politics
B) religion
C) language
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 36

Which of the following channels is likely to help pass values from one generation to the next?

A) Religion
B) Communities
C) The education system
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 37

Hofstede's five value dimensions are power distance,individualism,uncertainty avoidance,masculinity,and _______________.

A) accommodation
B) femininity
C) integrity
D) long-term orientation

Question 38

The concept of _______________ refers to the extent to which people in a society feel threatened by ambiguous situations.

A) low power distance
B) aggressiveness
C) uncertainty avoidance
D) individualism

Question 39

Research indicates that most managers have never had a mentor.

Question 40

Someone who is promoting and prodding others to show or be more spiritual may also be disrupting the work performance of colleagues.

Question 41

Herb Kelleher,one of the founders of Southwest Airlines,helped create a culture of commitment by:

A) Pitching in to help employees as he traveled around doing business.
B) Rewarding the most productive and upbeat employees.
C) Conducting regular and intense team-building sessions.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 42

A supportive organizational climate can be defined as the amount of perceived support employees receive from their ___________ that helps them successfully perform their job duties.

A) co-workers
B) supervisor
C) other departments
D) All of the above

Question 43

Researchers have _________________ a specific culture contributes to positive effectiveness in comparison to less effective firms with another cultural profile.

A) definitively related
B) found
C) suggested
D) been unable to show that

Question 44

The socialization that occurs before someone enters an organization,or takes a different job within an organization,is the _______________ stage of socialization.

A) accommodation
B) anticipatory
C) role management
D) assessment

Question 45

Conflict between an individual's work group and other work groups within the organization usually surface during the _______________ socialization stage.

A) anticipatory
B) accommodation
C) role management
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 46

The sink or swim approach to socialization ___________.

A) is preferred to others
B) should never be used
C) may work
D) may present significant legal issues for organizations

Question 47

The core values of Southwest Airlines consist of all of the following elements except:

A) A warrior spirit
B) A servant's heart
C) A fun-loving attitude
D) An unwavering commitment

Question 48

The culture at Walt Disney is manifested through all of the following except:

A) Shared sayings.
B) Similar demographic characteristics.
C) Shared things.
D) Shared behavior.

Question 49

Socialization processes are the activities by which an individual comes to appreciate the _______________ essential for assuming an organizational role,and for participating as an organization member.

A) values
B) abilities
C) expected behaviors
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 50

People are vitally interested in two kinds of information before entering a new job or organization.They attempt to assess the firm's ______________________.

A) culture and if they are suited to the jobs available in the organization
B) pay and benefits
C) history and values
D) culture and climate

Question 51

Research suggests that,when ethics codes are developed and enforced within an organization,they have a positive impact on _______________.

A) job satisfaction
B) esprit de corps
C) organizational commitment
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 52

All of the following activities comprise the accommodation stage except:

A) Establishing new interpersonal relationships
B) Learning the task required to perform the job
C) Clarifying one's role in the organization and in formal and informal groups
D) Forming an initial impression of the job and the organization

Question 53

Organizational socialization is most important when an individual __________________.

A) first takes a job
B) retires from the organization
C) has failed to meet performance expectations
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 54

During the _______________ stage,a broader set of issues and problems arises,which results in conflict,including conflict between work groups.

A) anticipatory socialization
B) accommodation
C) role management
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 55

Attempting to change a culture generally requires all of the following except:

A) Difficult techniques
B) A new company leader
C) Rare skills
D) Considerable time

Question 56

_____ can be defined as the amount of perceived support employees receive from their co-workers,supervisor,and other departments that helps them successfully perform their job duties.

A) BOC
B) HFC
C) HGC
D) SOC

Question 57

In work organizations,a mentor can provide ___________ to a younger,less-experienced protégé.

A) coaching
B) friendship
C) role modeling
D) All of the above.

Question 58

Employees are more likely to adjust to a new job and be accepted socially if they use a _______________ approach to learning about how things work,who makes the decisions,and what the organization values.

A) proactive
B) laid-back
C) scientific
D) sequential

Question 59

Organizational socialization processes _______ from organization to organization.

A) by law must not vary
B) may vary in form but not content
C) vary in form and content
D) must by law vary by employee

Question 60

_______________ is the process by which organizations bring new employees into the culture.

A) Alteration
B) Maturation
C) Socialization
D) Normalization

Question 61

Spirituality in the workplace _________.

A) is always positive
B) is always a negative
C) may have a negative side
D) is appropriate only in religious organization

Question 62

The "separation" phase of the mentor relationship occurs after the _____________ phase.

A) cultivation
B) redefinition
C) friendship
D) conflict

Question 63

Which of the following is an example of what Mitroff and Denton characterized as the recovery model of spirituality?

A) YMCA
B) Alcoholics Anonymous
C) Ben & Jerry's
D) Cirque Du Soleil

Question 64

____________ has been defined as "the desire to find ultimate meaning and purpose in one's life and to live an integrated life."

A) Religiousality
B) Spirituality
C) Transformationality
D) None of the above.

Question 65

A survey by Mitroff and Denton found all of the following to be true except:

A) Employees who are more spiritually involved achieve better results.
B) Most employees feel free to act on their spirituality in the workplace.
C) People differentiate strongly between religion and spirituality.
D) Most people define spirituality as "the desire to find ultimate meaning and purpose in one's life and to live an integrated life."

Question 66

Which of the following is the least likely to be a turning point during a mentoring relationship?

A) The senior manager becomes less available
B) A job rotation or promotion limits continued interaction
C) Peer status is achieved
D) A sudden increase in opportunities for interaction around work tasks

Question 67

One study of the spirituality of medical units within a hospital system found _______________________.

A) patient infection rates decreased with increased staff spirituality
B) unit leaders did not impact the degree to which unit members expressed workplace spirituality
C) that work units' spirituality was associated with the unit's performance
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 68

Research by Mitroff and Denton found that there was ___________ agreement about the meaning of spirituality.

A) weak
B) diverse
C) near-unanimous
D) unanimous

Question 69

Which of the following is an example of what Mitroff and Denton characterized as an evolutionary model of spirituality?

A) YMCA
B) Alcoholics Anonymous
C) Ben & Jerry's
D) Cirque Du Soleil

Question 70

Nordstrom's is presented in the text as an example of a particular type of culture.What is that culture and briefly how does Nordstrom's reinforce it?

Question 71

Hofstede's research indicates that national cultures exist.Do you believe that in a heterogeneous nation,such as the United States,a national culture that is shared by society does exist?

Question 72

All of the following practices are found during the accommodation socialization stage except:

A) Professional counseling
B) Social skills training
C) Demanding but fair supervisors
D) Supportive and accurate feedback

Question 73

All of the following recommendations are presented in "How to Become a Great Mentor" except:

A) Give up your personal mentor
B) Don't be afraid, to be honest
C) Work at building trust and feeling it yourself
D) Don't keep your feelings bottled up

Question 74

Which of the following statements about spirituality is false?

A) Spirituality is a personal and private path.
B) Spirituality contains elements of many religions.
C) Spirituality grows from self-inquiry.
D) None of the statements are false.

Question 75

All of the following are phases of the mentoring process except:

A) Separation
B) Cultivation
C) Realism
D) Redefinition

Question 76

Which of the following is an example of what Mitroff and Denton characterized as the socially responsible model of spirituality?

A) YMCA
B) Alcoholics Anonymous
C) Ben & Jerry's
D) Cirque Du Soleil

Question 77

How can a leader or founder help create a strong culture in an organization? Can a leader eliminate culture? Explain.

Question 78

What is the difference between a "long-term" orientation and a "short-term" orientation?

Question 79

A study of spirituality reported that organizational spirituality was positively correlated to:

A) Employee job involvement
B) Organizational identification
C) Work rewards satisfaction
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 80

According to the text,which of the following organizations is an example of using a values-based model of spirituality?

A) Alcoholics Anonymous
B) Kingston Technology
C) Ben & Jerry's
D) YMCA