Deck 14: Leadership: Styles and Behaviors

Question 1

Transformational leadership represents the carrot-and-stick approach to leadership.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Making the correct decision is the ultimate means of judging a leader.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Leaders do not make the ultimate decision with a consultative style of decision making.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The trait-leadership correlations are strong in magnitude when leader effectiveness serves as the outcome.

Question 5

Readiness is defined as the degree to which employees have the ability and willingness to accomplish specific tasks.

Question 6

The low-quality exchange dyad is marked by increased exchange of information,influence,latitude,support,and attention.

Question 7

Leadership is the use of power and influence to direct the activities of followers toward goal attainment.

Question 8

With a delegative style,the leader plays no role in the deliberations unless asked.

Question 9

Telling is the optimal combination of leader behaviors at the R3 Stage of readiness.

Question 10

Autocratic style of leadership is characterized by high follower control.

Question 11

The time-driven model of leadership suggests that the focus should shift away from autocratic,consultative,facilitative,and delegative situations to autocratic,consultative,facilitative,and delegative leaders.

Question 12

Traits are more predictive of leader effectiveness than they are of leader emergence.

Question 13

The life cycle theory of leadership explains how leader-members relationships develop over time on a dyadic basis.

Question 14

Focus on leader traits holds more practical relevance than a focus on leader's actions.

Question 15

Leaders who are high on initiating structure play a passive role in directing group activities and often fail to plan activities.

Question 16

A leader's decision making style captures how a leader decides as opposed to what a leader decides.

Question 17

Tests of the leader-member exchange theory suggest that employees who are competent,likable,and similar to the leader in personality will be more likely to end up in the leader's in group.

Question 18

With an autocratic style,the employees are asked to generate or evaluate potential solutions.

Question 19

Leader-member exchange theory argues that new leader-member relationships are typically marked by a role taking phase.

Question 20

According to the time-driven model of leadership,autocratic styles are used for decisions that are insignificant.

Question 21

Idealized influence involves behaving in ways that earn the admiration,trust,and respect of followers.

Question 22

The leader-member exchange theory argues that:

A)new relationships between leaders and members are typically marked by a role taking phase.
B)most leaders can judge their performance by referring to the number of companies they have created.
C)leader traits holds more practical relevance than leader actions.
D)the correlations of the trait-leadership magnitude are strong.
E)organizations should limit leader-member exchanges to maximize organizational productivity.

Question 23

_____ suggest that leaders are born,not made.

A)Leader-member exchange theories
B)Ohio State studies of leadership
C)Transformational theories of leadership
D)Contingent theory of leadership
E)Great person theories of leadership

Question 24

Transformational leadership has no effect on continuance commitment.

Question 25

Transformational leadership is less motivational compared to other managerial approaches.

Question 26

The _____ process is marked by a free-flowing exchange in which the leader offers more opportunities and resources and the employee contributes more activities and effort.

A)role taking
B)role selling
C)participating
D)role making
E)role allocating

Question 27

Laissez-faire is an active and effective approach to leadership.

Question 28

Leadership training programs often focus on very specific issues,like being a more effective mentor.

Question 29

In the leader-member exchange theory,the _____ exchange dyad is marked by the frequent exchange of information,influence,latitude,support,and attention.

A)participating
B)low-quality
C)intrinsic
D)high-quality
E)extrinsic

Question 30

Increasing the time spent on training the leaders can help maximize their effectiveness.

Question 31

During the _____ phase of the leader-member exchange theory,the employee's own expectations for the dyad get mixed in with those of the leader.

A)role taking
B)role selling
C)participating
D)role making
E)role allocating

Question 32

According to the leader-member exchange theory,the two general types of leader-member dyads are:

A)role taking exchange and role selling exchange.
B)high-quality exchange and low-quality exchange.
C)intrinsic and extrinsic.
D)role making and role selling.
E)participating exchange and observing exchangE.Over time,the role taking and role making processes result in two general types of leader-member dyads.One type is the "high-quality exchange" dyad,marked by the frequent exchange of information,influence,latitude,support,and attention.The other type is the "low-quality exchange" dyad,marked by a more limited exchange of information,influence,latitude,support,and attention.

Question 33

Neutralizers reduce the importance of the leader while providing a direct benefit to employee performance.

Question 34

Inspirational motivation involves behaving in ways that foster an enthusiasm for a shared vision of the future.

Question 35

During which phase of the leader-member exchange theory does a manager describe role expectations to an employee,with the employee attempting to fulfill those expectations with his/her job behaviors?

A)Role taking
B)Role selling
C)Role designing
D)Role making
E)Readiness

Question 36

In the leader-member exchange theory,the low-quality exchange dyad forms the leader's:

A)outgroup.
B)internal attributes.
C)ingroup.
D)levels of mutual trust.
E)obligations.

Question 37

Transformational leadership is strongly related to unit-focused measures of leadership effectiveness than most other leadership forms.

Question 38

Employees with transformational leaders tend to have higher levels of task performance.

Question 39

The degree to which the leader's actions result in the achievement of the unit's goals,the continued commitment of the unit's employees,and the development of mutual trust,respect,and obligation in leader-member dyads refers to:

A)out-group readiness.
B)leader effectiveness.
C)leader emergence.
D)leader focus.
E)individualized consideration.

Question 40

_____ refers to the notion of who becomes a leader rather than how well people do in a leadership role.

A)Leader efficiency
B)Leader effectiveness
C)Leader emergence
D)Leader substitution
E)Leader efficacy

Question 41

Which of the following refers to how well people actually do in a leadership role?

A)Leader personality
B)Leader effectiveness
C)Leader emergence
D)Leader perception
E)Leader characteristic

Question 42

Percy has built her company by giving special attention to details.She is highly meticulous and demanding and often imposes her decisions on subordinates.Percy makes use of the _____ style of decision making.

A)autocratic
B)consultative
C)transformational
D)participative
E)delegative

Question 43

Scenario: Polar Coat Manufacturing Alexandria,Brittney,Nicole,and Dolce are four managers at Polar Coat Manufacturing.Each in their department uses a different decision-making style and believes that their style is the best.Alexandria always presents the problem to her employees,gathers their opinions/suggestions and then makes the decision herself.Brittney gives her employees the responsibility for making the decision within a set of specified boundary conditions.Nicole makes the decision without asking her employees for their opinions/suggestions.Dolce presents the problem to her employees and seeks consensus with an emphasis that her opinion should only count as important as every other employee's in her department.

A)consultative
B)autocratic
C)delegative
D)facilitative
E)directive

Question 44

In the time-driven model of leadership,which style is reserved for circumstances in which employees have strong teamwork skills and are not likely to just commit to whatever decision the leader makes?

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Negotiative

Question 45

Which of the following decision-making styles is characterized by the highest level of follower control?

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Negotiative

Question 46

A leader's _____ reflects the process that the leader uses to generate and choose from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.

A)operational efficiency
B)day-to-day behavior
C)Decision-making style
D)emergence style
E)operational style

Question 47

Ted is a quality control manager at Greenwoods Cement Inc.Any time a problem arises and a decision needs to be made,he believes in getting his people involved.He would present the problem to his employees and seek consensus on a solution.He insists in these problem-solving meetings that his opinion or suggestions carry no more weight than anyone else's.Which of the following is the decision-making style that Ted is displaying?

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Negotiative

Question 48

Which of the following is the style of decision making where the leader plays no role in deliberations unless asked?

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Directive

Question 49

Scenario: Polar Coat Manufacturing Alexandria,Brittney,Nicole,and Dolce are four managers at Polar Coat Manufacturing.Each in their department uses a different decision-making style and believes that their style is the best.Alexandria always presents the problem to her employees,gathers their opinions/suggestions and then makes the decision herself.Brittney gives her employees the responsibility for making the decision within a set of specified boundary conditions.Nicole makes the decision without asking her employees for their opinions/suggestions.Dolce presents the problem to her employees and seeks consensus with an emphasis that her opinion should only count as important as every other employee's in her department.

A)consultative
B)autocratic
C)delegative
D)facilitative
E)directive

Question 50

In the time-driven model of leadership,which style is reserved for decisions that are insignificant or where employee commitment is unimportant or when the leader's expertise is high and the leader is trusted?

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Supportive

Question 51

Robert has been newly appointed as the CEO of Textronics Inc.He is still learning how various departments function in the organization.In such a situation,he relies on the suggestions and opinions of his team members and lets them do the things the way they are used to,till the time he is able to gain sufficient knowledge and can suggest some more feasible changes.He does not generally interfere in the decisions made by the employees but at times shares his past experiences with the employees.It can be said that Robert had adopted a(n)_____ style of decision-making.

A)autocratic
B)participative
C)consultative
D)delegative
E)negotiative

Question 52

There are many factors to consider when leaders choose a decision-making style.The most obvious consideration is the:

A)number of people involved in decision making.
B)quality of the resulting decision.
C)number of opinions obtained for making the decision.
D)the style of decision-making.
E)the number of different ideas generated during the process.

Question 53

Which of the following characteristics is most closely related to leader effectiveness?

A)Low agreeableness
B)High conscientiousness
C)High introversion
D)Low neuroticism
E)High openness to experience

Question 54

Pauline,a department manager at Good Looking Clothes Inc.,uses a style of decision-making that focuses on using the skills,experiences,and ideas of others.The final decision-making power is with Pauline.However,she does not make major decisions without getting inputs from those that will be affected.It can be said that she uses the _____ style of leader decision making.

A)autocratic
B)consultative
C)facilitative
D)participative
E)transactional

Question 55

With a(n)_____ decision-making style,employees have a say in the decision making process but the ultimate authority still rests with the leader.

A)delegative
B)directive
C)consultative
D)facilitative
E)autocratic

Question 56

Scenario: Polar Coat Manufacturing Alexandria,Brittney,Nicole,and Dolce are four managers at Polar Coat Manufacturing.Each in their department uses a different decision-making style and believes that their style is the best.Alexandria always presents the problem to her employees,gathers their opinions/suggestions and then makes the decision herself.Brittney gives her employees the responsibility for making the decision within a set of specified boundary conditions.Nicole makes the decision without asking her employees for their opinions/suggestions.Dolce presents the problem to her employees and seeks consensus with an emphasis that her opinion should only count as important as every other employee's in her department.

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Directive

Question 57

Which of the following decision-making styles is characterized by the highest level of leader control?

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Supportive

Question 58

Scenario: Polar Coat Manufacturing Alexandria,Brittney,Nicole,and Dolce are four managers at Polar Coat Manufacturing.Each in their department uses a different decision-making style and believes that their style is the best.Alexandria always presents the problem to her employees,gathers their opinions/suggestions and then makes the decision herself.Brittney gives her employees the responsibility for making the decision within a set of specified boundary conditions.Nicole makes the decision without asking her employees for their opinions/suggestions.Dolce presents the problem to her employees and seeks consensus with an emphasis that her opinion should only count as important as every other employee's in her department.

A)Consultative
B)Autocratic
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Negotiative

Question 59

Which of the following factors is included in the time-driven model of leadership?

A)Intellectual stimulation
B)Shared objectives
C)Idealized influence
D)Individual personality
E)Contingent rewards

Question 60

In the time-driven model of leadership,which leadership style seems to be overused by managers?

A)Autocratic
B)Consultative
C)Delegative
D)Facilitative
E)Negotiative

Question 61

Joey,the manager of Tarts Inc.,has always been supportive toward the employees and used to understand their feelings.In most occasions,he overlooked their mistakes and gave them opportunities to develop a friendly atmosphere in office.He often took their work in order to reduce their burden.Joey would score high on:

A)initiating structure.
B)intermediation.
C)consideration.
D)directive behavior.
E)transactional leadership.

Question 62

Alice has a deep concern for the welfare of her subordinates and she promotes interactive discussions with them.Alice can be described as a manager who scores high on:

A)initiating structure.
B)autocratic leadership.
C)consideration.
D)managerial control.
E)disciplinE.Leaders who are high on consideration create a climate of good rapport and strong,two-way communication and exhibit a deep concern for the welfare of employees.They might do personal favors for employees,take time to listen to their problems,"go to bat" for them when needed,and treat them as equals.

Question 63

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,a group of employees who are working together for the first time and are eager to begin,but lack the experience and confidence needed to perform their roles are at which level of readiness?

A)R1
B)R2
C)R3
D)R4
E)R5

Question 64

Scenario: Eva Mineral Water,Inc.

A)Delegating
B)Telling
C)Selling
D)Participating
E)Negotiating

Question 65

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,_____ leader behavior comprises high initiating structure and high consideration.

A)telling
B)selling
C)participating
D)delegating
E)performing

Question 66

Scenario: Eva Mineral Water,Inc.

A)moderate; low
B)low; high
C)low; moderate
D)high; high
E)moderate; moderate

Question 67

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,the optimal combination of leader behavior in the R2 stage is _____.

A)delegating
B)telling
C)selling
D)participating
E)negotiating

Question 68

Which of the following behaviors,according to the studies at Ohio State,is an initiating structure behavior?

A)Representation
B)Integration
C)Recognition
D)Organization
E)Membership

Question 69

The life cycle theory of leadership argues that the optimal combination of initiating structure and consideration depends on the _____ of the employees in the work unit.

A)integration
B)personality
C)organization
D)readiness
E)decision-making style

Question 70

_____ reflects the extent to which leaders create job relationships characterized by mutual trust,respect for employee ideas,and thoughtfulness of employee feelings.

A)Transformation
B)Delegating
C)Consideration
D)Participation
E)Initiating structure

Question 71

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,the optimal combination of leader behavior in the R3 stage is _____.

A)delegating
B)telling
C)selling
D)participating
E)negotiating

Question 72

Which of the following leader behaviors is characterized by low initiating structure and low consideration?

A)Telling
B)Selling
C)Delegating
D)Participating
E)Transforming

Question 73

_____ is broadly defined as the degree to which employees have the ability and the willingness to accomplish their specific tasks.

A)Integration
B)Effectiveness
C)Efficiency
D)Readiness
E)Emergence

Question 74

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,the optimal combination of leader behavior in the R4 stage is _____.

A)delegating
B)telling
C)selling
D)participating
E)negotiating

Question 75

Scenario: Eva Mineral Water,Inc.

A)R1
B)R2
C)R3
D)R4
E)R5

Question 76

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,_____ leader behavior comprises high initiating structure and low consideration.

A)telling
B)selling
C)participating
D)delegating
E)performing

Question 77

Which of the following theories is known as the situational model of leadership?

A)Ohio State Studies
B)University of Michigan Studies
C)Life cycle theory of leadership
D)Time-driven model of leadership
E)Herzberg's two-factor theory

Question 78

Which of the following reflects the extent to which the leader defines and structures the roles of employees in pursuit of goal attainment?

A)Initiating structure
B)Delegative structure
C)Consideration structure
D)Participative structure
E)Transformational structure

Question 79

In the _____ leader behavior the leader supplements his or her directing with support and encouragement to protect the confidence levels of the employees.

A)delegating
B)telling
C)selling
D)participating
E)negotiating

Question 80

According to the life cycle theory of leadership,participating leader behavior comprises _____ initiating structure and _____ consideration.

A)moderate; low
B)low; high
C)low; low
D)high; high
E)moderate; moderate