Deck 9: Meiosis

Question 1

An organism's diploid number is 64.Its haploid number would be

A) 128.
B) 64.
C) 12.
D) 32.
E) It is impossible to determine.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The purpose of meiosis I is

A) to separate homologous chromosomes.
B) to replicate chromosomes.
C) to create 4 haploid cells.
D) to separate sister chromatids.
E) to repair errors in DNA synthesis.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

How many possible gametes are there if a cell has 4 chromosome pairs?

A) 4
B) 8
C) 16
D) 32
E) Impossible to determine.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Duplication of DNA occurs

A) twice,before meiosis I and meiosis II.
B) before meiosis II only.
C) during interphase.
D) during prophase I.

Question 5

In plants like the fern,haploid cells produced by meiosis divide by __________ to form a multicellular haploid phase.

A) meiosis
B) binary fission
C) mitosis
D) budding

Question 6

Genetic recombination is possible because of

A) independent assortment.
B) crossing over.
C) fertilization with a nonrelated gamete.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 7

In humans,gametes are ________ while somatic cells are _________.

A) diploid;diploid
B) haploid;diploid
C) haploid;haploid
D) haploid;triploid
E) triploid;haploid

Question 8

The process that serves to decrease cellular chromosome number by half is

A) mitosis.
B) meiosis.
C) binary fission.
D) both mitosis and meiosis decrease chromosome number by half.
E) mitosis,meiosis,and binary fission all decrease chromosome number by half.

Question 9

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

A) Prophase I
B) Anaphase I
C) Prophase II
D) Telophase II

Question 10

Which of these is not a unique feature of meiosis?

A) Synapsis
B) Reduction division
C) Diploid daughter cells
D) Haploid daughter cells

Question 11

In anaphase I ________ separate,and in anaphase II ____________ separate.

A) homologous chromosomes;chromatids
B) chromatids;homologous chromosomes
C) haploid cells;diploid cells
D) homologous chromosomes;diploid cells
E) chromatids;haploid cells

Question 12

Why is crossing over not possible in meiosis II?

A) Because homologous chromosomes are no longer in the same cell.
B) Because the enzymes needed for it to occur are no longer present.
C) Because prophase only occurs in meiosis I.
D) Because meiosis II is much shorter than meiosis I.

Question 13

When does separation of homologous chromosomes occur?

A) Prophase I
B) Anaphase I
C) Interphase
D) Anaphase II

Question 14

Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occurs at

A) prophase I.
B) metaphase I.
C) anaphase II.
D) metaphase II.
E) interphase.

Question 15

The process of independent assortment refers to

A) the random meeting of an egg and sperm.
B) the orientation of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I.
C) the orientation of chromosomes at metaphase II.
D) the random choice of which cell in germ-line tissue will begin meiosis.
E) whether sexual or asexual reproduction will occur.

Question 16

Which scientist is credited with proposing in 1887 that an egg and a sperm fuse to form a zygote?

A) Watson
B) Crick
C) Fleming
D) Muller
E) van Beneden

Question 17

The pairing of homologous chromosomes all along their lengths

A) occurs during anaphase II.
B) occurs during telophase I.
C) is called crossing over.
D) is called synapsis.
E) only occurs in mitosis.

Question 18

Which is incorrect about meiosis?

A) Crossing over occurs in prophase I
B) Meiosis I results in 2 haploid cells
C) Sister chomatids separate in anaphase I
D) Meiosis II is like mitosis
E) Chromosome replication only occurs in interphase I

Question 19

The exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes is known as

A) random fertilization.
B) independent assortment.
C) crossing over.
D) lining up at the equator.

Question 20

After meiosis I _______ cells are formed and after meiosis II,_____ cells result.

A) 2;3
B) 4;4
C) 2;4
D) 4;8
E) 2;8

Question 21

Meiosis involves 4 nuclear divisions.

Question 22

Some organisms are able to reproduce both sexually and asexually.

Question 23

When nonsister chromatids exchange segments during meiosis,the process is called _______________________.

Question 24

The main difference between prophase I and prophase II is that in prophase I

A) synapsis and crossing over occurs.
B) the nucleolus disappears.
C) the nuclear membrane disappears.
D) chromosomes coil.
E) the spindle forms.

Question 25

The fusion of gametes is called fertilization.

Question 26

The number of different possible gametes that an organism can produce due to independent assortment is 2ⁿ,where n is the number of chromosome pairs.How many different kinds of gametes can be produced by humans due to independent assortment only?

A) 23²
B) 46²
C) 23⁴
D) 2²³
E) 2⁴⁶

Question 27

All of the following are sources of genetic variation except

A) random fertilization.
B) independent assortment.
C) crossing over.
D) synapsis.

Question 28

During which stage do chromosomes line up in single file on the equatorial plane?

A) Metaphase I
B) Anaphase II
C) Metaphase II
D) Telophase I
E) Telophase II

Question 29

Due to reduction division,the number of chromosomes does not double with each fertilization.

Question 30

The single cell formed by syngamy,or the fusion of gametes,is called a ___________.

Question 31

Cells that will eventually undergo meiosis and produce gametes are often referred to as _______________ cells.

Question 32

The centromere holds the homologous chromosomes together.

Question 33

The arrangement of the chromosomes in metaphase I does not affect which homologues end up in which gametes.

Question 34

In almost all animals,the multicellular stage of the life cycle is diploid.

Question 35

The life cycle that involves the fusion of gametes is known as the _____________life cycle.

Question 36

Reproduction by mitosis only is asexual.

Question 37

Many protists are ____________ for most of their lives.

A) diploid
B) germ-line
C) haploid
D) cross overs

Question 38

In humans,germ-line cells are located in

A) the brain.
B) the muscle cells.
C) the kidneys.
D) the ovaries and testes.
E) the eyes.

Question 39

During which stage do chromosomes line up in pairs on the equatorial plane?

A) Metaphase I
B) Anaphase II
C) Metaphase II
D) Telophase I
E) Telophase II

Question 40

In the fern life cycle,the haploid stage is only unicellular.

Question 41

What are three key differences between meiosis and mitosis?

Question 42

What is the difference between a gamete and a zygote and what are the processes that give rise to them?

Question 43

What is the evolutionary significance of crossing over?

Question 44

In most respects,the second meiotic division is identical to a normal _________ division.

Question 45

During metaphase I of meiosis,homologous chromosomes can orient themselves such that one or the other will by chance go to a particular daughter cell in a process known as _________________________________.