Deck 3: Individual Differences and Emotions

Question 1

Personality models are unique to the cultures in which they were developed.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Dawn is a manager at a big box store.One of her employees,Edward,appears to have low self-efficacy.To help him,Dawn should set a very challenging sales goal.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Which of the following is the least fixed of a person's individual differences?

A) attitudes
B) intelligence
C) cognitive abilities
D) self-esteem
E) emotions

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Practical intelligence is very similar to logical-mathematical intelligence.

Question 5

Openness to experience refers to a person being trusting and good-natured.

Question 6

The ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings,to discriminate among them,and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions is known as emotional stability.

Question 7

Carl has a high self-efficacy belief.He is not likely to work hard in preparation for challenges because he is confident he can succeed.

Question 8

Francis interviews two candidates for an administrative assistant position that will require a fair amount of project management.The first candidate is enthusiastic and states that she can "do anything she sets her mind to." She shows up for the interview without a résumé because she know she will be selected for the position. The second candidate is more reserved,but offers Francis his résumé and a portfolio.He explains that in his last position he managed several projects and kept them on track.Which of the following would be the main reason for Francis to hire the second applicant?

A) applicant's attitude
B) applicant's emotional makeup
C) applicant's cognitive abilities
D) the self-esteem of the applicant
E) applicant's locus of control

Question 9

When hiring people,the best thing a manager can do is to find someone like himself or herself and make sure the person "fits" into his or her stereotype of a good worker.

Question 10

Benny has the ability to learn and use spoken and written languages.He shows linguistic intelligence.

Question 11

________ intelligence will be most closely related to a performance on tests like the Scholastic Aptitude Test and the Graduate Management Admissions Test.

A) Naturalist
B) Interpersonal
C) Intrapersonal
D) Spatial
E) Logical-mathematical

Question 12

Complex,relatively brief responses aimed at a particular target are known as emotions.

Question 13

CSEs are related to reduced conflict and lower stress.

Question 14

The distinction between flexible and fixed individual differences

A) has no practical value for managers.
B) is that managers have little or no impact on fixed differences.
C) is that managers have little or no impact on flexible differences.
D) is that managers should hire people based on their attitudes and emotions.
E) is that managers have little or no impact on any individual differences.

Question 15

The combination of stable physical,behavioral,and mental characteristics that give individuals their unique identities is known as personality.

Question 16

Many effective managers select employees based on positive,job relevant,relatively stable individual differences.

Question 17

Alana has a capacity for constructive thinking,reasoning,and problem solving.She exhibits intelligence.

Question 18

Johan does well at work because he is able to think constructively,reason,and problem solve.Johan is exhibiting

A) intelligence.
B) emotions.
C) attitude.
D) self-esteem.
E) self-efficacy.

Question 19

Organizations should use selection based on attitudes and emotions to choose which employees to hire.

Question 20

Research in industrial-organizational psychology concluded that the typical personality test is not a valid predictor of job performance.

Question 21

Katherine does especially well in her language courses,but struggles in chemistry.She has ______ intelligence.

A) spatial
B) naturalist
C) intrapersonal
D) bodily-kinesthetic
E) linguistic

Question 22

Keyshawn is a player on a professional football team.Because of this,his plays every week are scrutinized by fans and media,as well as his own coaches.Sometimes,their comments are very negative and even personal.Keyshawn will handle this better if he has a high level of _________ intelligence.

A) naturalist
B) bodily-kinesthetic
C) spatial
D) interpersonal
E) intrapersonal

Question 23

Klaus works in a very stressful job,but maintains his "cool" even in the worst times.This represents the ________ dimension.

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) emotional stability
E) openness to experience

Question 24

Martha worked for a marketing company with a casual atmosphere and informal culture.The company declared bankruptcy.Martha can't wait to find a similar position.In the past,she worked for companies with a more traditional and formal structure. She now has a new job in a bank.Martha dresses differently,puts in longer hours,and studies at home to better understand the bank's services.She is exhibiting _______ intelligence.

A) multiple
B) cognitive
C) practical
D) spatial
E) bodily-kinesthetic

Question 25

Nathan is dependable,responsible,and achievement-oriented,while Martin is relaxed and unworried.Nathan is likely to score high on

A) openness to experience.
B) introversion.
C) conscientiousness.
D) internal locus of control.
E) agreeableness.

Question 26

Naturalist intelligence is

A) the potential to live in harmony with one's environment.
B) the potential for deductive reasoning, problem analysis, and mathematical calculation.
C) the same as intrapersonal intelligence.
D) the potential to use mind and body to coordinate physical movement.
E) the potential to recognize and use patterns.

Question 27

Marisa is the office manager in a small company.Her employees find that they can often come late to work and leave early,and Marisa will cover their work for them.Marisa is likely to score

A) high on extraversion.
B) high on agreeableness.
C) low on conscientiousness.
D) low on emotional stability.
E) low on openness to experience.

Question 28

Proactivity has been shown to be related to all of the following except

A) social networking.
B) intelligence.
C) performance.
D) satisfaction.
E) affective organizational commitment.

Question 29

Owen leads a team tasked with developing a client tracking system.He is nervous and worried,afraid that if this assignment doesn't go well,he won't be promoted.Jack,a team member,is relaxed,unworried,and secure in the feeling that they have all the necessary resources and talents to make this work.Jack is likely to score high on

A) emotional stability.
B) introversion.
C) conscientiousness.
D) internal locus of control.
E) agreeableness.

Question 30

_____ intelligence is the potential to understand and regulate oneself.

A) Interpersonal
B) Kinesthetic
C) Intrapersonal
D) Naturalist
E) Linguistic

Question 31

A(n)_______ is someone who is relatively unconstrained by situational forces and who effects environmental change.

A) extrovert
B) proactive person
C) stable person
D) introvert
E) imaginative and curious

Question 32

People who are outgoing,talkative,sociable,and assertive are likely to score high on

A) emotional stability.
B) agreeableness.
C) extraversion.
D) openness to experience.
E) conscientiousness.

Question 33

People who are high on openness to experience are likely to demonstrate

A) cooperation and softheartedness.
B) a lack of worry.
C) an outgoing and sociable orientation.
D) curiosity and broad-mindedness.
E) an achievement orientation.

Question 34

Mike hosts a talk radio program that discusses political issues.He often receives emails and tweets that are very critical of his positions.However,these messages don't bother him.It is likely that he is high on _______ intelligence.

A) intrapersonal
B) naturalist
C) practical
D) linguistic
E) multiple

Question 35

Which of the following is not one of the basic dimensions of the Big Five personality dimensions?

A) emotional intelligence
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) conscientiousness
E) agreeableness

Question 36

Len is the top swimmer on his school's team.Star athletes are likely to be high in ______ intelligence.

A) spatial
B) linguistic
C) bodily-kinesthetic
D) naturalist
E) musical

Question 37

______ is the combination of stable physical,behavioral,and mental characteristics that gives individuals their unique identity.

A) Intelligence
B) Personality
C) A person's value profile
D) Self-efficacy
E) Self-esteem

Question 38

Jonathan speaks four languages fluently.He is likely to have a high level of _______ intelligence.

A) naturalist
B) linguistic
C) multiple
D) emotional
E) interpersonal

Question 39

Josephine scored very high on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)on all three parts.She is likely to possess high ________ intelligence.

A) naturalist
B) practical
C) logical-mathematical
D) musical
E) bodily-kinesthetic

Question 40

Samantha,a member of a team you are assigned to for a management class,has often been late getting her work to the team,and when it arrives it is often of poor quality.Samantha is likely to rank ________ dimension.

A) low on the agreeableness
B) high on the extraversion
C) low on the conscientiousness
D) low on the emotional stability
E) low on the proactivity

Question 41

Terrance applies for a job at Jos Smith & Co.He prepares for the interview and expects some form of personality testing.Instead,after the interview,he is given a computer game to play.What does this represent?

A) The game will measure Terrence's top five dimensions of personality.
B) The game will assess Terrence's cognitive abilities and thought processes.
C) The game is designed to measure Terrence's response rate.
D) The game is meant to relax Terrence and will be followed by the standard multiple choice personality test.
E) The game will measure Terrence's computer skills.

Question 42

People with high _________ see themselves as capable and effective.

A) core self-evaluations
B) emotional intelligence
C) introversion
D) extraversion
E) openness to experience

Question 43

_________ is your general belief about your own self-worth.

A) Self-esteem
B) Self-efficacy
C) Self-expectancy
D) Core self-evaluation
E) Self-expectation

Question 44

Halfway through the semester,Samuel quit doing assignments for and going to his advanced accounting class.He attributes this to his poor performance on the first two tests,as well as his lack of talent for accounting; he feels he will do much better as a management major.Samuel is likely to be experiencing

A) low self-esteem.
B) low emotional stability.
C) an external locus of control.
D) low self-efficacy for accounting.
E) low emotional intelligence.

Question 45

Nora wants to be a buyer for Marstons Stores.She knows that they are looking for outgoing,social people.She purposely tries to present herself as an extrovert on the personality test that she takes even though she is shy and retiring.What is the likely result of this?

A) Nora might get the job, but find she is unhappy in the role.
B) Nora will not get the job. It is impossible to "fake" your personality on a test.
C) Nora will get the job. The test is simply pro forma and no one looks at the results.
D) The test will show that Nora is unstable.
E) The test will flag Nora as someone who is not truthful and should not be hired by the company.

Question 46

Pietro has his bachelor's degree in management.He comes from a middle-class background; his father worked in lower management for his entire career.Pietro wants a different life than his father's.He has saved his money,and he's always been lucky.Pietro might be a(n)

A) project manager.
B) professor.
C) entrepreneur.
D) financial planner.
E) investor.

Question 47

People with __________ see themselves as masters of their own fate.

A) high emotional stability
B) an internal locus of control
C) an external locus of control
D) high introversion
E) high extraversion

Question 48

_______ is reflected in this statement: "I feel I am a person of worth,as good as other people."

A) High self-efficacy
B) Low core self-evaluation
C) High emotional intelligence
D) High self-identification
E) High self-esteem

Question 49

Sandra has a new assignment.She is confident that she can successfully complete the task.This is an example of

A) core self-evaluation.
B) self-efficacy.
C) self-esteem.
D) self-expectation.
E) self-expectancy.

Question 50

_______ provides broad and useful ways to describe personality in terms of our individual differences in self-efficacy,self-esteem,locus of control,and emotional stability.

A) Interpersonal intelligence
B) Core self-evaluation
C) Conscientiousness
D) Personality
E) Practical intelligence

Question 51

Vivek and Warren are working on an assignment for their marketing class.Warren finishes his part of the assignment; Vivek doesn't.Vivek apologizes because he took an extra shift at work and didn't give the assignment the priority it needed.He promises Warren he will stay home tonight and finish his work.What personality characteristic does this show?

A) locus of control
B) emotional stability
C) self-efficacy
D) self-esteem
E) core self-evaluation

Question 52

Halim,one of your employees,always seems to be "taking it easy," often ignores problems that arise,and rarely takes action on his own.It is likely that Halim is

A) low on practical intelligence.
B) an introvert.
C) not a proactive personality.
D) emotionally unstable.
E) highly agreeable.

Question 53

Managers should attempt to raise subordinates' self-efficacy by all of the following except

A) guided experiences, mentoring, and role modeling.
B) creating routine jobs that are boring but easy to perform.
C) giving positive feedback.
D) matching goal difficulty to each employee's self-efficacy.
E) providing self-management training.

Question 54

Which of the following statements about self-efficacy is ?

A) Self-efficacy is the same as self-esteem.
B) A person with high self-efficacy is likely to work less hard than a person with low self-efficacy because he or she is already confident of good results.
C) Self-efficacy can be developed.
D) The biggest predictor of a person's self-efficacy is his or her emotional state.
E) Self-efficacy is not related to prior experience.

Question 55

Giovanni is expressing ________ when he says,"I can run a mile in under five minutes."

A) a high self-efficacy
B) high self-esteem
C) a high self-expectation
D) his core self-evaluation
E) an external locus of control

Question 56

Tony has a high CS E.He is not likely to experience

A)better adjustment to international assignments.
B)organizational citizenship behaviors.
C)life satisfaction.
D)reduced conflict.
E)higher levels of stress.

Question 57

Core self-evaluations represent a broad personality trait comprised of all of the following except

A) emotional stability.
B) generalized self-efficacy.
C) locus of control.
D) proactivity.
E) self-esteem.

Question 58

_______ is the personality trait with the strongest positive relationship with job performance.

A) Extraversion
B) Emotional stability
C) Proactivity
D) Agreeableness
E) Conscientiousness

Question 59

In __________,the relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction is significantly stronger.

A) men rather than in women
B) individualistic rather than collectivist cultures
C) older people rather than younger
D) women rather than in men
E) only the United States

Question 60

____________ is associated with entrepreneurialism.

A) Introversion
B) Spatial intelligence
C) Openness to experience
D) Proactivity
E) Emotional stability

Question 61

Roberto is a manager at XYZ Corporation.Every day,he eats lunch in the company cafeteria so he can learn the latest news and rumors.Roberto is exhibiting his

A) relationship management.
B) self-awareness.
C) self-disclosure.
D) extraversion.
E) social awareness.

Question 62

Jennifer wins an art contest.She attributes the outcome to luck.Jennifer is likely to have

A) an external locus of control.
B) an optimistic personality.
C) high emotional stability.
D) a proactive personality.
E) a high level of extraversion.

Question 63

Nancy is at a staff meeting.Her manager asks if anyone has an idea for how to pull more customers into the restaurant at lunch time.Nancy starts to make a suggestion and her manager cuts her off mid-sentence,saying: "Oh Nancy,no...anyone else?" Nancy is feeling angry because her manager was disrespectful and didn't allow her to explain the idea.What should Nancy do to deal with these negative emotions?

A) Submit the suggestion to her manager's boss.
B) Ignore it. She thinks her manager is having a bad day.
C) Leave the meeting since she isn't contributing anything of value.
D) Wait until after the meeting and point out how important respect is between co-workers.
E) Ask someone else to submit the idea at the next staff meeting.

Question 64

By ___________,a person can develop self-awareness.

A) displaying honesty and integrity
B) knowing his or her own strengths and limits
C) being ready to seize opportunities
D) keeping up with organizational politics
E) wielding a range of tactics for persuasion

Question 65

James believes the best thing he can do is hire based on

A) who has high self-esteem.
B) who has an internal locus of control.
C) who has high emotional stability.
D) who has high self-efficacy.
E) using CSE as one broad personality characteristic.

Question 66

_______ is the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions,to discriminate among them,and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions.

A) Proactivity
B) Emotional stability
C) Emotional intelligence
D) Core self-evaluation
E) Self-efficacy

Question 67

Which of the following statements about emotions is ?

A) Emotions change psychological and/or physiological states.
B) Felt emotions are always displayed.
C) Emotions motivate behavior.
D) Positive emotions result from goal achievement.
E) Emotions may occur from past or possible future events.

Question 68

Vanessa receives her evaluation.Her supervisor gives her high marks in __________,noting that Vanessa is especially strong in self-awareness and self management.

A) personal competence
B) subjective well-being
C) self-efficacy
D) cognitive ability
E) emotional stability

Question 69

Ben and Jen are arguing over individual differences.Which of the following does a person have the most control over?

A) intelligence
B) behavior
C) emotions
D) CSEs
E) emotional intelligence

Question 70

As manager of Kids Skids,Meghan wants to develop her relationship management skills.In order to do this,she learns how to

A) build teams.
B) recognize customer needs.
C) read her own emotions.
D) see the upside in events.
E) sense others' emotions.

Question 71

At ABC Inc.,each employee is required to evaluate himself or herself as part of preparation to meet with his or her manager for the annual employee performance review.As part of this,Daneesha prepared a thoughtful and comprehensive list of her strengths and weaknesses.What competence does this display?

A) proactive personality
B) self-awareness
C) self-management
D) agreeableness
E) extraversion

Question 72

Petra made a large mistake on a report she submitted to her boss,and it ended up costing the company a significant amount of money.When asked why this had occurred,she blamed one of her coworkers for giving her erroneous information for the report.Petra is expressing

A) low agreeableness.
B) an external locus of control.
C) organizational citizenship behavior.
D) counterproductive work behavior.
E) low emotional stability.

Question 73

Together,social awareness and relationship management constitute

A) emotional intelligence.
B) social competence.
C) personal competence.
D) emotional stability.
E) relationship competence.

Question 74

Which of the following is not an element of emotional intelligence?

A) self-awareness
B) social awareness
C) relationship management
D) emotional stability
E) self-management

Question 75

People with moderate emotional stability __________ than people with low emotional stability.

A) tend to be more pessimistic
B) experience more negative emotions
C) earn lower salaries
D) tend to perform more OCBs
E) tend to perform more CWBs

Question 76

The part of CSE that can best be enhanced because it is most flexible is

A) self-esteem.
B) self-efficacy.
C) locus of control.
D) emotional stability.
E) intelligence.

Question 77

People with an internal locus of control

A) have lower work motivation.
B) earn lower salaries.
C) tend to be more anxious.
D) derive less job satisfaction from performance.
E) have stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.

Question 78

________ are complex,relatively brief responses aimed at a particular target.

A) Moods
B) Emotions
C) Personalities
D) Attitudes
E) CSEs

Question 79

John hasn't started working on his term paper.He wants to do well in the course,but he's struggling with how to identify a solid topic and start an outline.Most of the other students appear to be moving ahead.John is procrastinating because he is

A) lazy.
B) stressed.
C) unable to manage his time.
D) not interested in the course.
E) impulsive

Question 80

Bill,who has an internal locus of control,failed his last history test.Which of the following is he likely to say?

A) The test was poorly constructed.
B) I'm going to complain to the dean of the college.
C) I'll never pass this course.
D) Professor Smith didn't prepare us for this test.
E) I didn't study hard enough for this test.