Deck 28: The Cold War and the End of European Empires

Question 1

How did the Korean War contribute to Cold War tensions in Europe?

A)The Allies feared the Soviet Union would invade the German Federal Republic as North Korea had invaded South Korea.
B)Western European nations demanded the United States withdraw its nuclear weapons from the continent so that the Soviet Union would not invade.
C)Charles de Gaulle used the Korean War as a pretense to label the Algerian independence movement a communist movement.
D)Western European nations began a process of détente with the Soviet Union,against the wishes of the United States.
E)At the end of the war,North Korea deployed its soldiers in Eastern Europe.

Answer 1

The Allies feared the Soviet Union would invade the German Federal Republic as North Korea had invaded South Korea.

Question 2

What early 1950s conflict was the first site of open warfare between communist and non-communist forces (following,of course,the Greek civil war in the previous decade)?

A)Korean War
B)Vietnam War
C)Algerian War for Independence
D)Congolese Civil War
E)Suez War

Answer 2

Korean War

Question 3

What best describes pieds noirs?

A)counterculture writers and artists
B)French soldiers in South Africa
C)guerrilla warriors in Vietnam
D)militant Algerians who demanded the immediate deportation of French settlers
E)French citizens living in Algeria,Morocco,and Tunisia

Answer 3

French citizens living in Algeria,Morocco,and Tunisia

Question 4

Which nation was the first to join the United States and the Soviet Union as a nuclear power,in 1952?

A)France
B)China
C)Italy
D)West Germany
E)Britain

Question 5

What was an important reform made by Wladyslaw Gomulka in Poland,in contravention of Soviet policy?

A)a reduction in military spending to devote more resources to consumer goods
B)a denunciation of Joseph Stalin and his political philosophy
C)an end to the collectivization of agriculture,with land distributed to peasants
D)the introduction of markets in consumer goods to increase production
E)direct engagement with the United States instead of acting through the Warsaw Pact

Question 6

Where did the Vietnamese independence movement inflict a major defeat on the French army in 1954,causing France to agree to Vietnamese independence?

A)Saigon
B)Dien Bien Phu
C)Tonkin Gulf
D)Hanoi
E)Nghia Lo

Question 7

What best describes Sputnik?

A)a chimpanzee,the first primate in space
B)a dog,the first animal in space
C)the first manned space mission
D)the first satellite,the launch of which kicked off the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union
E)the Soviet hydrogen bomb,the creation of which intensified the Cold War

Question 8

The stationing of nuclear weapons in which nation in 1962 provoked a stand-off between the United States and Soviet Union,bringing the two sides to the brink of nuclear war?

A)Egypt
B)Turkey
C)North Korea
D)Israel
E)Cuba

Question 9

Which allied leader telegraphed Franklin Roosevelt in 1945,warning of an "iron curtain" descending across Europe?

A)Winston Churchill
B)Charles de Gaulle
C)Konrad Adenauer
D)Clement Attlee
E)Imre Nagy

Question 10

In 1948,the Soviet Union prevented supplies from reaching ?__________,so the Allies began airlifting in supplies.

A)Warsaw
B)Vienna
C)Helsinki
D)Istanbul
E)Berlin

Question 11

In what Eastern bloc nation did the Soviet Union crush attempts at political reform in 1956,while Western governments were preoccupied with events in Egypt?

A)East Germany
B)Hungary
C)Poland
D)Czechoslovakia
E)Romania

Question 12

Under Nikita Khrushchev,Soviet foreign policy in the Third World followed what aim?

A)acquiring raw materials to rebuild Soviet industry
B)finding markets in which to sell goods produced in the Soviet Union
C)finding military bases to deter the United States
D)acquiring immigrant labor to work in Soviet industry
E)detaching countries from the direct influence of the United States

Question 13

Why did the German Democratic Republic construct the Berlin Wall in 1961?

A)to guard against a NATO invasion
B)to keep West Germans from coming to East Berlin
C)to keep East Germans from going to West Berlin
D)to control the flow of anti-communist propaganda from West Germany
E)to control the flow of consumer goods from West Germany

Question 14

Opposition from which nation forced Britain to back down in the Suez Canal crisis in 1956,bringing an end to European domination of the Middle East?

A)Israel
B)China
C)France
D)the United States
E)West Germany

Question 15

Which guerrilla leader threatened the French government that he could spare ten deaths in his nationalist army for every French death,and still win independence?

A)Bao Dai
B)Ho Chi Minh
C)Ahmed Ben Bella
D)Frantz Fanon
E)Sekou Touré

Question 16

What nation did the Soviet Union invade in 1979,bringing an end to détente?

A)Iran
B)Finland
C)Afghanistan
D)Turkey
E)Poland

Question 17

The Soviet Union countered the formation of NATO with its own defensive alliance,named after which Eastern European capital?

A)Budapest
B)Berlin
C)Moscow
D)Prague
E)Warsaw

Question 18

On what issue did the heads of state in both the United States and the Soviet Union agree during the period of détente,1969-1979?

A)withdrawal from conflicts in the southern hemisphere
B)nuclear arms reduction
C)environmental regulation
D)famine relief in Third World nations
E)sharing medical research

Question 19

What change did the East German government make to increase satisfaction among its people in the wake of the 1953 Berlin uprising?

A)It introduced de-Stalinization plans.
B)It provided more consumer goods.
C)It cut off connections with West Germany to improve the effects of its own propaganda.
D)It asked for a larger Soviet military presence to keep resisters quiet.
E)It introduced democratic measures in local elections.

Question 20

How did Leonid Brezhnev change the tack of Soviet policy after taking control from Nikita Khrushchev?

A)He stepped up efforts to place nuclear weapons in Cuba.
B)He reduced the production of consumer goods.
C)He attempted to make peace with the United States and end the Cold War.
D)He purged the party of old Stalinists.
E)He returned the Soviet Union to communist orthodoxy.

Question 21

In what colony did the British government create a mass gulag that imprisoned as many as 1.5 million people in an attempt to end a nationalist rebellion?

A)India
B)Pakistan
C)Rhodesia
D)Malaya
E)Kenya

Question 22

How did World War II serve as a catalyst for decolonization in India?

Question 23

Why did members of the French right support Charles de Gaulle's demand for a new French constitution?

A)They wanted to increase the power of the presidency.
B)They believed de Gaulle would never allow Algerian independence.
C)De Gaulle promised to increase the power of the military.
D)De Gaulle promised to pardon members of the right convicted of collaboration with the Nazi occupation.
E)They supported de Gaulle's plan to abolish income taxes.

Question 24

What role did Britain and the United Nations play in the establishment of the state of Israel?

Question 25

In what nation's independence struggle did the National Liberation Front (FLN)take the lead?

A)India
B)Algeria
C)Vietnam
D)Kenya
E)Zaire

Question 26

What former British colony maintained a strict official policy of racial inequality and segregation,called apartheid?

A)Australia
B)South Africa
C)Kenya
D)Nigeria
E)Canada

Question 27

What Kenyan leader became an international symbol of resistance after being imprisoned based on no evidence for a supposed role in the Mau Mau rebellion?

A)Julius Nyerere
B)Mobutu Sese Seko
C)Patrice Lumumba
D)Frantz Fanon
E)Jomo Kenyatta