Deck 1: The Basics

Question 1

What do anatomical terms of direction describe?

A) The specific region in which a body part is located
B) The body's position
C) The location of a particular structure in the body
D) The cavity that contains certain organs within the body

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Anatomical terms of direction are used to describe one of the following: the location of a particular structure in the body, the location of a structure relative to another structure, or the location of something within a structure. Anatomical regions describe where a body part is located. Anatomical positions describe the position of the body. Anatomical cavities describe cavities that contain organs.

Question 2

Physiology is defined as:

A) the study of physics.
B) the study of body structures.
C) the study of how the body functions.
D) the study of how the body malfunctions.

Answer 2

C
Explanation: Physiology is the study of how the structures of the body function.

Question 3

What are the two different ways the abdominal region of the body can be divided?

A) The abdominal region can be divided into 4 quadrants or 2 regions.
B) The abdominal region can be divided into 4 regions or 6 quadrants.
C) The abdominal region can be divided into 4 quadrants or 9 regions.
D) The abdominal region can only be divided into 4 regions.

Answer 3

C
Explanation: The abdominal region can be divided in one of two ways: into four quadrants or into nine regions similar to a tic-tac-toe grid. The four quadrants are: the right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, and left lower quadrant. Starting from top right, the nine regions of the abdomen are: the right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right inguinal region, hypogastric region, and left inguinal region.

Question 4

What is considered standard anatomical position?

A) The body is upright, the legs are close together, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing forward.
B) The body is upright, the legs are far apart, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing forward.
C) The body is upright, the legs are close together, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are spread far from the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing backward.
D) The body is lying in a horizontal position, the legs are close together, the feet are pointing upward, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing upward.

Question 5

Anatomy and physiology is defined as:

A) the study of the normal and abnormal function of the body.
B) the study of body structures.
C) the study of how the body functions.
D) the study of the body's structure and how those structures function.

Question 6

All of the following describe an anatomical term of direction except which one?

A) Proximal
B) Superior
C) Bilateral
D) Transverse

Question 7

Anatomy is defined as:

A) the study of atoms.
B) the study of body structures.
C) the study of how the body functions.
D) the study of how the body malfunctions.

Question 8

What anatomical term of direction is used to describe the location of the nose in relation to the eyes?

A) Medial
B) Superior
C) Lateral
D) Ventral

Question 9

If a person sustained cervical dislocation in an accident,what region of his/her body was affected?

A) Head
B) Neck
C) Chest
D) Face

Question 10

What anatomical term of direction is used to describe the location of the ankle in relation to the knee?

A) Proximal
B) Distal
C) Superficial
D) Ventral

Question 11

All of the following describe an anatomical region except which one?

A) Axial
B) Cubital
C) Bilateral
D) Tarsal

Question 12

How does a sagittal plane separate the body?

A) Top from bottom
B) Right from left
C) Front from back
D) Up from down

Question 13

Which of the following anatomical terms of direction refer to the dorsal side of the body?

A) Posterior
B) Anterior
C) Superior
D) Inferior

Question 14

In which of the following regions of the abdomen is the navel located?

A) Right hypogastric
B) Left hypogastric
C) Epigastric
D) Umbilical

Question 15

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition that affects what region of the body?

A) Foot
B) Arm
C) Leg
D) Wrist

Question 16

All of the following describe an anatomical term of direction except which one?

A) Right
B) Cubital
C) Bilateral
D) Medial

Question 17

Which of the following organs is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?

A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Left kidney
D) Liver

Question 18

Where is the diaphragm in relation to the lungs?

A) Superficial
B) Deep
C) Superior
D) Inferior

Question 19

What are the two major anatomical regions of the body?

A) Axial and abdominal
B) Appendicular and cephalic
C) Axial and appendicular
D) Cephalic and thoracic

Question 20

All of the following describe an anatomical region except which one?

A) Sagittal
B) Inguinal
C) Appendicular
D) Plantar

Question 21

Which anatomical term of position describes the anterior surface facing up?

A) Supine
B) Ventral
C) Anterior
D) Prone

Question 22

Which of the following terms describes an anatomical plane that separates the body front from back?

A) Sagittal
B) Transverse
C) Midsagittal
D) Frontal or coronal

Question 23

A patient lying on his/her ventral or anterior surface,face down would be in what position?

A) Supine
B) Dorsal
C) Posterior
D) Prone

Question 24

Which of the following set of anatomical cavities has an organ that serves as a wall between the two?

A) Cranial and vertebral
B) Pleural and pericardial
C) Abdominal and pelvic
D) Thoracic and abdominopelvic

Question 25

How does a frontal or coronal plane separate the body?

A) Top from bottom
B) Right from left
C) Front from back
D) Up from down

Question 26

What kind of term can be used to describe the position of the entire body or a body part?

A) Anatomical plane
B) Anatomical region
C) Anatomical cavity
D) Anatomical position

Question 27

The thoracic cavity can be subdivided into which two cavities?

A) Abdominal and pelvic cavities
B) Cranial and vertebral cavities
C) Pleural and pericardial cavities
D) Thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

Question 28

What is a serous membrane?

A) A single layered membrane
B) A double layered membrane with air between the two layers
C) A double layered membrane that contains fluid between the two layers
D) A membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord

Question 29

Which of the following is not an anatomical cavity in the body?

A) Thoracic
B) Dorsal
C) Inguinal
D) Abdominal

Question 30

Which membrane lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities?

A) Meninges
B) Pleurae
C) Pericardium
D) Peritoneum

Question 31

How does a transverse plane separate the body?

A) Top from bottom
B) Right from left
C) Front from back
D) Up from down

Question 32

In standard anatomical position,the palms are in what position?

A) Supine
B) Ventral
C) Anterior
D) Prone

Question 33

How many anatomical cavities does the thoracic cavity contain?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 34

If a plane is exactly down the midline of the body,this is called:

A) Midline
B) Medial
C) Midsagittal
D) Median

Question 35

Which anatomical term of position describes the anterior surface facing down?

A) Supine
B) Ventral
C) Anterior
D) Prone

Question 36

Which of the following cavities contain serous membranes?

A) Cranial
B) Inguinal
C) Thoracic
D) Brachial

Question 37

Which of the following terms describes an anatomical plane that separates the body top from bottom?

A) Sagittal
B) Transverse
C) Midsagittal
D) Frontal

Question 38

What is the mediastinum?

A) The wall separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
B) The three layers of membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord
C) The space between the pleural cavities that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major vessels
D) Another name for the anatomical cavity located in the middle of the body

Question 39

The abdominopelvic cavity can be subdivided into which two cavities?

A) Abdominal and pelvic cavities
B) Cranial and vertebral cavities
C) Pleural and pericardial cavities
D) Thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

Question 40

Which organs are associated with the dorsal cavity?

A) Brain and spinal cord
B) Lungs and heart
C) Digestive organs
D) Reproductive organs

Question 41

Which membrane surrounds the lungs in the thoracic cavity?

A) Meninges
B) Pleura
C) Pericardium
D) Peritoneum

Question 42

Which organs are surrounded by the pleural membrane?

A) Lungs
B) Intestines
C) Heart
D) Kidneys

Question 43

Which of the following statements is false regarding serous membranes?

A) Serous membranes are found in the thoracic and cranial body cavities.
B) Serous membranes have fluid between the two membrane layers.
C) The pleurae and peritoneum are examples of serous membranes.
D) Serous membranes are double layered membranes.

Question 44

Which organ is surrounded by the pericardium?

A) Lung
B) Intestines
C) Heart
D) Kidney

Question 45

All of the following are examples of negative feedback except:

A) sweating in response to elevated body temperature.
B) secretion of insulin in response to increased blood glucose.
C) secretion of glucagon in response to decreased blood glucose.
D) uterine contractions in response to the pressure of the baby's head on the cervix.

Question 46

What is negative feedback?

A) The body's ability to maintain homeostasis
B) The process the body uses to reverse the direction of movement away from homeostasis
C) The process the body uses to increase the movement away from homeostasis
D) The body's ability to function outside of the optimal range

Question 47

Which of the anatomical terms of direction describes the diaphragm's relation to the stomach?

A) Inferior
B) Superior
C) Anterior
D) Posterior

Question 48

Which of the following statements regarding homeostasis is false?

A) If the body detects a change and works to make the levels move even farther away from homeostasis, that is positive feedback.
B) If the body detects a change beyond its normal homeostasis range (either too high or too low), and it works to reach its homeostasis range by reversing the direction of movement; that is positive feedback.
C) Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a steady internal environment. This is achieved through using positive and negative feedback mechanisms.
D) Homeostasis is the body's ability to overcome an imbalanced internal environment. This is achieved through using positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

Question 49

Which of the following statements is an example of the body's ability to maintain homeostasis?

A) Michael has been sick with the flu and he has a fever.
B) Bill must be sure to take his blood pressure medication in order to control his chronic hypertension.
C) Mary had a physical and was pleased to hear that her blood pressure was with in the normal range.
D) Connie has diabetes and must take insulin injections to control her high blood glucose levels.

Question 50

Which of the anatomical terms of direction describes the relation of the hypodermis to the epidermis?

A) Superficial
B) Superior
C) Deep
D) Distal

Question 51

The lungs are housed in which of the following anatomical regions?

A) Axial
B) Axillary
C) Appendicular
D) Abdominal

Question 52

What is positive feedback?

A) The body's ability to maintain homeostasis
B) The process the body uses to reverse the direction of movement away from homeostasis
C) The process the body uses to increase the movement away from homeostasis
D) The body's ability to function outside of the optimal range

Question 53

What is homeostasis?

A) The body's ability to maintain a steady internal environment
B) Negative feedback
C) Positive feedback
D) The body's ability to function outside of the optimal range

Question 54

Closer to the connection to the body refers to which of the following anatomical terms of direction?

A) Distal
B) Superficial
C) Deep
D) Proximal

Question 55

Which of the anatomical regions houses the stomach?

A) Abdominal
B) Axillary
C) Appendicular
D) Anterior

Question 56

Which membrane surrounds the heart in the thoracic cavity?

A) Meninges
B) Pleura
C) Pericardium
D) Peritoneum

Question 57

Related to affecting two sides refers to which of the following anatomical terms of direction?

A) Bilateral
B) Superior
C) Anterior
D) Lateral

Question 58

All of the following are examples of positive feedback except:

A) sweating in response to elevated body temperature.
B) secretion of insulin in response to increased blood glucose.
C) secretion of glucagon in response to decreased blood glucose.
D) uterine contractions in response to the pressure of the baby's head on the cervix.

Question 59

Which of the following statements is false regarding the pericardium?

A) The pericardium is an example of a serous membrane.
B) The pericardium is composed of two layers, the visceral pleura and parietal pericardium.
C) The visceral layer of the pericardium is in contact with the heart.
D) Pericardial fluid fills the space between the two layers of the pericardium.

Question 60

Which of the anatomical terms of direction best describes the wrist's relationship to the shoulder?

A) Proximal
B) Superior
C) Distal
D) Posterior

Question 61

Susan has a tumor on her left ovary.Which set of anatomical terms correctly describes Susan's tumor?

A) Susan has a deep, lateral tumor located in the pelvic region of her body.
B) Susan has a deep, bilateral tumor located in the pelvic region of her body.
C) Susan has a deep tumor located in the abdominal region of her body.
D) Susan has a deep tumor located in the appendicular region of her body.

Question 62

The dorsal cavity houses all of the following organs except which one?

A) Brain
B) Spinal cord
C) Vertebrae
D) Lungs

Question 63

Which of the following organs are housed in the mediastinum?

A) Kidneys
B) Lungs
C) Esophagus
D) Spleen

Question 64

The dorsal cavity can be subdivided into which two cavities?

A) Abdominal and pelvic cavities
B) Cranial and vertebral cavities
C) Pleural and pericardial cavities
D) Thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

Question 65

The anterior cubital region refers to which part of the body?

A) Wrist
B) Front of the elbow
C) Upper arm
D) Back of the hand

Question 66

Separating the right and left side of the body is achieved by what anatomical plane?

A) Sagittal
B) Transverse
C) Frontal
D) Coronal

Question 67

Bryan has a blister on the surface of his palm from raking the leaves.Which set of anatomical terms correctly describes Bryan's blister?

A) Bryan has a superficial blister on the palmar surface of his palm in the appendicular region of his body.
B) Bryan has a superior blister on the palmar surface of his palm in the appendicular region of his body.
C) Bryan has a superficial blister on the plantar surface of his palm in the appendicular region of his body.
D) Bryan has a superficial blister on the palmar surface of his palm in the axial region of his body.

Question 68

Which part of the pleural membrane is in direct contact with the lungs?

A) Visceral
B) Parietal
C) Pleura
D) Peritoneum

Question 69

All of the following organs are housed in the mediastinum except which one?

A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Esophagus
D) Trachea

Question 70

The posterior patellar region refers to which part of the body?

A) Knee
B) Front of the knee
C) Upper knee
D) Back of the knee

Question 71

The cubital region refers to which part of the body?

A) Wrist
B) Elbow
C) Arm
D) Hand

Question 72

Separating the front and back half of the body is achieved by what anatomical plane?

A) Sagittal
B) Transverse
C) Frontal
D) Midsagittal

Question 73

Which part of the pleural membrane is not in direct contact with the lungs?

A) Visceral
B) Parietal
C) Pleura
D) Peritoneum

Question 74

The femoral region refers to which part of the body?

A) Knee
B) Ankle
C) Thigh
D) Leg

Question 75

Separating the top and bottom half of the body is achieved by what anatomical plane?

A) Sagittal
B) Transverse
C) Frontal
D) Coronal

Question 76

The thoracic cavity houses all of the following structures except which one?

A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Pleural membrane
D) Peritoneum