Deck 14: Treatment of Alcohol and Other Drug Dependencies

Question 1

The degree of _______________ and ______________ of alcoholics has been ignored in drawing conclusions when evaluating the validity of therapy for alcoholism due to poor methodology that have relied on single cases and no controls.

A)severity, homogeneity
B)complexity, homogeneity
C)severity, heterogeneity
D)complexity, heterogeneity

Answer 1

C
severity, heterogeneity

Question 2

As part of this approach to learning, alternative coping behaviors for reducing stress through techniques such as relaxation training and stress management are provided.

A)Social learning
B)Social behavioral learning
C)Cognitive learning
D)Cognitive behavioral learning

Answer 2

D
Cognitive behavioral learning

Question 3

Which of the following holds a view of the learner as an active participant in behavior change?

A)Operant conditioning
B)Behavioral conditioning
C)Stimulus conditioning
D)Aversive conditioning

Answer 3

A
Operant conditioning

Question 4

A study that compared family environments of alcoholics after marital therapy with those of nonalcoholic controls found which of the following to be effective in contributing to a better outcome after 10 years:

A)Cohesive families
B)lower life stress
C)active cognitive coping
D)all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is true about motivational enhancement training (MET):

A)Emphasizes the use of confrontational techniques to help alcohol abusers develop their own motivation for reducing their drinking.
B)Emphasizes the use of nonconfrontational techniques to help alcohol abusers develop their own motivation for reducing their drinking.
C)Emphasizes the use of nonconfrontational techniques to help alcohol abusers develop their own motivation for increasing their drinking.
D)Emphasizes the use of nonconfrontational techniques to help alcohol abusers develop an educational treatment plan for reducing their drinking.

Question 6

Which one method of alcoholism treatment is based on classical conditioning?

A)Operant conditioning
B)Behavioral conditioning
C)Stimulus conditioning
D)Aversive conditioning

Question 7

Instead of denial or a failure to realize they had a drinking problem, a survey of a sample of respondents with a lifetime DSM-IV alcohol use disorder indicated which of the following as reasons for failure to seek treatment?

A)Ambivalence
B)Fear or embarrassment
C)Denial
D)a and b only

Question 8

Aversive conditioning is where a (n) ____________stimulus is repeatedly paired with the target stimulus (e.g. alcohol) so that eventually the target stimulus alone will elicit _____________ reactions.

A)Pleasant, positive
B)Unpleasant, negative
C)Neutral, positive
D)Neutral, negative

Question 9

A review of 29 double blind studies which examined the effect of naltrexone on heavy or excessive drinking and abstinence on alcohol dependent patients found:

A)70% of 27 clinical trials that measured reduction in heavy or excessive drinking demonstrated an advantage for naltrexone over placebo.
B)36% of 25 clinical trials that measured abstinence or any drinking found an advantage for medication over placebo.
C)both a & b
D)a only

Question 10

Which type of learning has the goal of teaching active forms of coping that do not involve alcohol when the individual is in situations that entail high risk for drinking?

A)Behavioral learning
B)Social behavioral learning
C)Cognitive learning
D)Cognitive behavioral learning

Question 11

What was found to be the most common barrier to seeking treatment?

A)not enough treatment facilities
B)not knowing where to seek treatment
C)lack of money
D)not being ready

Question 12

What service does the National Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey provide?

A)Estimates number of alcohol and other drug abusers under treatment in the U.S.
B)Estimates the number of treatment facilities used
C)Estimates the type of treatment facilities used
D)Estimates the type of drug abusers receiving treatment

Question 13

Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) places more focus on increasing the client's awareness of ______________and ______________motivators of drug use rather than on __________or _______________factors.

A)Present, future, past, unconscious
B)Past, unconscious, present, future
C)Unconscious, conscious, present, past
D)Present, future, conscious, unconscious

Question 14

According to a study by Petry (2000), which of the following was found to be true?

A)A greater percentage of alcoholic veterans receiving standard treatment plus contingency management (CM) stayed abstinent
B)Both standard treatment and contingency management (CM) proved to be equally effective in keeping veterans abstinent long after the program
C)The attrition rate was smaller for the standard treatment compared to the standard treatment plus contingency management (CM)
D)Standard treatment alone succeeded in achieving abstinence for treated veterans

Question 15

Based on Social Learning Theory, by ________________ other people who have successfully reduced drinking, alcoholics acquire self-efficacy, feeling they can control drinking.

A)Listening to
B)Observing
C)Imitating
D)Talking to

Question 16

Which of the following statements is not in accord with family systems theories?

A)Theory emphasizes the dynamic interactions among family members, requiring a treatment program involving all of them.
B)Urges nondrinking members to detach from the alcoholic rather than remain as enabling codependents.
C)Believes it is insufficient to treat only the substance abuser.
D)Does not believe that alcoholism is a disease.

Question 17

What is the goal of motivational enhancement training (MET)?

A)To require change in the client
B)To directly teach clients techniques for change
C)To have the client assume responsibility for wanting to change
D)To have the clients form a buddy system to help motivate each other to stay sober

Question 18

According to structural family therapy, tensions between two family members may spread to include a third member. This process is called ____________:

A)Triadulation
B)Triage
C)Triangulation
D)Tribulation

Question 19

One proposal for improving the evaluation of the validity of therapy for alcoholism is a mixture of the relapse prevention model, which is:

A)An integration of psychoanalytic and cognitive behavior modification therapy
B)An integration of psychoanalytic and rational emotive therapy
C)An integration of psychopharmacological concepts and behavior modification therapy
D)An integration of humanistic concepts and psychotherapy

Question 20

In the case of alcoholism, which family member is assumed to be the most overly anxious about the problem?

A)All family members become overly anxious
B)The mother if the father is the alcoholic
C)Family member with the least dependence on the alcoholic
D)Family member with the most dependence on the alcoholic

Question 21

When taking MAOIs, patients should avoid foods and beverages that contain the chemical:

A)Dopamine
B)Tyramine
C)Imipramine
D)Alkaline

Question 22

In the COMBINE study, which types of pharmacological treatment and behavioral treatments were administered?

A)naltrexone, acampostate, MM, CBI
B)SSRI's, disulfiram, MM, CBT,
C)naltrexone, disulfiram, CBI, CBT
D)acampostate, MM, CBI, MM

Question 23

Alcohol abuse can mimic psychiatric disorders by producing symptoms similar to all of the following disorders except:

A)Antisocial behavior
B)Psychosis
C)Anxiety
D)Personality

Question 24

What can be said about brief intervention therapy?

A)Conventional treatment was more effective than a single session of advice and counseling
B)Advice and counseling was more effective than conventional treatment
C)Conventional treatment was no more effective than a single session of advice and counseling
D)A single session of advice and counseling was found to be ineffective

Question 25

Which of these statements is true regarding what studies have found on the effects of SSRI's?

A)Effective in decreasing alcohol use and depressive symptoms in patients with comorbid alcoholism and depression.
B)May only be effective in decreasing certain subtypes of depressed alcoholics
C)Not effective in decreasing alcohol use and depressive symptoms in patients with comorbid alcoholism and depression.
D)a & b only

Question 26

The Project MATCH research group used _________ as a key methodological procedure, which is a design feature that can be viewed as either a strength or a weakness of the study.

A)No treatment-control group
B)Matching
C)Random assignment
D)Treatment-control group

Question 27

What were the overall concluding findings of the COMBINE study?

A)Patients had better drinking outcomes if they received medical management with naltrexone only.
B)Patients had better drinking outcomes if they received medical management with naltrexone, CBI, or both .
C)Patients had better drinking outcomes if they received medical management with CBI only.
D)Patients had better drinking outcomes if they received naltrexone, and CBI only.

Question 28

The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) was found to be _______________ in accurately identifying a ___________ percentage of alcoholics.

A)Ineffective, low
B)Ineffective, high
C)Effective, low
D)Effective, high

Question 29

Methadone has been effective in reducing use of heroin, cutting down criminal activities related to heroin use and improving health. However methadone maintenance has raised criticism because patients are still taking a_________________ drug.

A)Hallucinogenic
B)Retroactive
C)Psychoactive
D)Hyperactive

Question 30

A form of screening to identify which alcoholics are more likely to be successful with a particular treatment is known as:

A)Matching
B)Pairing
C)Triangulation
D)AUDIT

Question 31

Which of the following is a 10-item screening test that takes 2 minutes to complete developed by the World Health Organization to screen for alcohol dependence?

A)MAST
B)AUDIT
C)AST
D)EDS

Question 32

What is the main difference in the primary goals of clinical practitioners who conduct psychotherapy with alcohol and other drug abusers and research oriented evaluators of treatment outcomes?

A)Therapists may be convinced that an effective program does not need scientific evaluation.
B)Researchers want objective evidence about treatment effectiveness.
C)Psychotherapists rely on clinical experience and expertise and attribute any improvement to be due to treatment.
D)All of the above

Question 33

A study that demonstrated the usefulness of matching found that alcoholics high in sociopathy found ________________ to be more effective.

A)Interactional group therapy
B)Coping skills training
C)Cognitive behavioral therapy
D)Operant conditioning

Question 34

There is a need for a ____________, rather than a __________ conceptualization of change in behavioral treatments for addiction that must consider the relationship and interactions between the patient and therapist in addition to the specific procedures in a therapy.

A)Dynamic, static
B)Static, dynamic
C)Dynamic, inconsistent
D)Consistent, inconsistent

Question 35

The DATOS study found which of the following outcomes?

A)All treatment programs were successful to some degree at a 1-year follow-up.
B)Length of treatment played a significant role in treatment outcome.
C)Length of treatment played an insignificant role in treatment outcome.
D)a & b only.

Question 36

According to the research pertaining to abstinence vs. controlled drinking, what can be derived as the most accurate conclusion based on the research findings?

A)Controlled drinking is not achievable
B)Controlled drinking is achievable
C)Abstinence needed to be achieved before treatment
D)Abstinence is not achievable

Question 37

Which of the following studies examined the relationship of patient characteristics, program environments, and available treatment services to outcomes?

A)DARP
B)TOPS
C)DATOS
D)Both b & c

Question 38

A pilot study demonstrated that clozapine may be effective in reducing symptoms of alcohol use disorders and _____________ in dually diagnosed patients.

A)Anxiety
B)Depression
C)Schizophrenia
D)Anti-social disorder

Question 39

In determining how effective therapies work, evidence to support the view that specific aspects of a therapy contribute to the reduced drinking involves ______________ analysis.

A)Regressional
B)Moderational
C)Mediational
D)both b & c

Question 40

Examples of treatments for patients with mental illnesses and substance use disorders are:

A)Integrative assertive community treatment
B)Dual recovery therapy
C)Money management therapy
D)All of the above

Question 41

What makes comparisons of studies of quitting smoking meaningless?

A)Because the attrition rate varies in each study.
B)Because survey studies of smoking have self-report bias.
C)Because samples used are often not generalizable to the population.
D)Because different studies used different criteria of quitting.

Question 42

What made people in the past believe that smoking cessation was contraindicated during alcoholism treatment?

A)It was believed that smoking cessation would increase client stress.
B)It was believed that smoking cessation would decrease client's effort toward achieving abstinence.
C)It was believed that smoking serves as an effective tool for dealing with alcohol cravings and the stress related with alcohol withdrawal.
D)All of the above.

Question 43

According to a random clinical trial on drug replacement approaches comparing LAAM vs. methadone in regards to heroin users over a 1 year period, all of the following findings were true except for:

A)LAAM was less effective than MM in promoting abstinence from opiate use while in treatment.
B)LAAM resulted in fewer opiate-positive samples during clinic sessions.
C)LAAM led to more abstinence during the last 24 weeks of treatment.
D)LAAM was more effective than MM in promoting retention.