Deck 29: In Pursuit of Modernity: Paris in the 1850s and 1860s

Question 1

What does the black cat at the end of Olympia's bed symbolize?

A)Slavery
B)Poverty
C)Promiscuity
D)Superstition

Answer 1

C

Question 2

How did Verdi have to change his operas so they would be produced in Paris?

A)Include a dance scene
B)Eliminate female leads
C)Reduce the orchestra's size
D)Add nationalist references

Answer 2

A

Question 3

For what was Charles Baudelaire's poetry criticized?

A)Elaborate metaphors and difficult rhyme
B)Allusions to obscure classical works
C)Unconventional themes and subject matter
D)Harsh meter and absence of rhyme

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Why did Charles Garnier design the façade of the Paris Opera House to be a merger of Neoclassical and Baroque?

A)To satisfy liberals and nationalists
B)To highlight the best of both styles
C)To reflect a new imperial style
D)To cut expenses by using existing parts

Question 5

In the preface to his novel Thérèsa Raquin,how does Zola explain the immoral actions of the two main characters?

A)They are human animals
B)They are lower class
C)They are fatigued
D)They are in love

Question 6

According to Émile Zola,what two factors over which they have no control determine people's lives?

A)Economy and social status
B)Heredity and environment
C)Class and heredity
D)Economy and environment

Question 7

How does naturalism differ from literary realism?

A)More objective
B)More erotic
C)More optimistic
D)More subjective

Question 8

Why in part did Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)disturb its viewers?

A)The subject is too mundane for the painting's grand scale
B)The nude female seems to serve no purpose
C)The two dressed men are oblivious to the nude female
D)The model for the nude female was Manet's wife

Question 9

Why can Manet's Olympia be viewed as a statement about human slavery?

A)Olympia's hands are dirty
B)Olympia is a prostitute
C)Olympia is holding money
D)Olympia's maid is black

Question 10

In Germinal why was Zola able to portray the plight of the French coal miner so realistically?

A)He came from a coal mining family
B)He went into a mine to research it
C)He had worked in a mine in his teens
D)He had read Charles Dickens's novels

Question 11

In Rigoletto,how does Giuseppe Verdi show his characters' contrasting emotions?

A)Using lighting to underscore feelings
B)Replacing songs with spoken words
C)Introducing discordant musical elements
D)Presenting two scenes simultaneously

Question 12

Why did Charles Baudelaire speak so disparagingly of George Sand?

A)She disguised her sexuality
B)He despised her lack of morals
C)She supported Louis-Napoleon
D)He considered her bourgeoisie

Question 13

Who is the first person to call himself an "anarchist"?

A)George Sand
B)Édouard Manet
C)Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
D)Karl Marx

Question 14

Why did the Jockey Club demand that French opera have a second-act ballet?

A)To celebrate French dance
B)To greet their late arrival
C)To employ more actors
D)To pay homage to Louis XIV

Question 15

What earlier work does Manet's Olympia mirror?

A)Titian's Reclining Nude
B)Botticelli's The Birth of Venus
C)Giorgione's The Tempest
D)Antonio Canova's Paolina Bonaparte as Venus

Question 16

In her novel Lélia,why does George Sand write a happier ending for Pulchérie,the prostitute,than for Lélia,her more virtuous sister?

A)Pulchérie is a realist
B)Lélia is unhappily married
C)Pulchérie is an idealist
D)Lélia is bourgeoisie

Question 17

Why was Baudelaire forced to remove six poems from his book Les Fleurs du mal?

A)For criticizing the French government
B)For concerning lesbianism and vampirism
C)For presenting a romanticized view of death
D)For celebrating the lives of French prostitutes

Question 18

According to Baudelaire,what was the greatest job of the flâneur (man-about-town)like himself and Édouard Manet?

A)To seduce women
B)To create poetry and art
C)To challenge authority
D)To shock the bourgeoisie

Question 19

How did George Sand challenge sexual stereotypes?

A)Writing novels about female sexual desire
B)Using a man's name and dressing as a man
C)Being both father and mother to her children
D)Having herself appointed to the French cabinet

Question 20

In his operas why did Wagner shift the melodic element from the singer to the orchestra?

A)To indicate breaks in the action
B)To overwhelm the audiences' ears
C)To make the words more understandable
D)To synthesize the words and the music

Question 21

Compare Manet's Olympia to Titian's Reclining Nude,focusing on the differences in symbolic elements in the two works.

Question 22

Identify and explain two ways Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)was designed not to please but to shock the French Salon-in other words,to fulfill Manet's role as a flâneur.

Question 23

Compare the two views of nineteenth-century women that George Sand presents in her novel Lélia.

Question 24

As described in the chapter's "Continuity and Change" section,why does the older woman in Manet's The Gare Saint-Lazare seem resigned to her status as a nineteenth-century French female?

A)She sits with her back to the train
B)She gazes directly at the viewer
C)She wears her long hair down
D)She wears dark-colored clothes

Question 25

How did Wagner accomplish his new "music drama"-reflections by the orchestra of the stage action?

A)With song cycles
B)With a rondo form
C)With multiple arias
D)With leitmotifs

Question 26

Define leitmotif,and explain Wagner's use of it to unify his music drama.

Question 27

Matching

Question 28

Why did Wagner believe Jews were incapable of producing music?

A)Their slovenly manners
B)Their love of money
C)Their religious focus
D)Their Yiddish speech

Question 29

Define literary naturalism,and provide two examples Émile Zola's works.

Question 30

Why did French audiences react so negatively to Wagner's Tannhäuser?

A)Its plot was hopelessly Romantic
B)It was performed in the German language
C)Its second-act dance was not a ballet
D)Its German plot inflamed French hostility

Question 31

Why were Jacques Offenbach's operettas so popular with the French?

A)They included the second-act ballet
B)They satirized the Germans
C)They were light and entertaining
D)They glorified Louis-Napoleon's reign

Question 32

Identify and explain three elements in Olympia that support the view that Manet designed the painting as a statement against slavery.

Question 33

According to the author,Manet in The Gare Saint-Lazare suggests that the little girl dreaming of adventure probably is doomed to grow up to be the rather dour woman beside her steeped in a Romantic novel.Using the painting's details and your knowledge of nineteenth-century women's status,in two to three points argue for or against the author's claim.

Question 34

Compare a Wagner opera to an Offenbach operetta,focusing on why one was popular with the French and one was not.

Question 35

Why did Wagner design the orchestra to be underneath the stage of the Bayreuth Festspielhaus?

A)To open up more space for seating
B)To draw the audience closer to the stage
C)To make the Festspielhaus distinctly German
D)To soften the sound of the orchestra

Question 36

Identify and explain two ways Giuseppe Verdi achieved dramatic realism in his operas.