Deck 17: Infants, Children, and Adolescents

Question 1

Obese girls tend to enter puberty later than their nonobese peers.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Caregivers should not feed _____ to infants.

A)soy-based formulas
B)rice cereal
C)soft drinks
D)formulas that contain DHA

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ____________.

A)lose the let-down reflex
B)develop the swallowing reflux
C)can sit up with some back support
D)have most of their primary teeth

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true?

A)It is safe to use honey to sweeten infant foods.
B)Caregivers should not give popcorn,grapes,and cut-up raw vegetables to infants.
C)Goat's milk mixed with gelatin water is a suitable substitute for breast milk.
D)By 2 to 4 months of age,most infants can use their fingers to pick up and chew "finger foods."

Question 5

Compared to infant formulas,human milk is a rich source of ____________.

A)iron
B)cholesterol
C)fluoride
D)vitamin D

Question 6

In the United States,as many as 10% of children have ____________.

A)B-12 deficiency
B)scurvy
C)cretinism
D)chronic constipation

Question 7

A toddler who weighs 25 pounds needs to consume about ______ kcal per day.

A)930
B)820
C)2145
D)1010

Question 8

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber,nutrient-dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son.Based on this information,she should serve ____________.

A)1 cup of French fries from a fast-food restaurant that has been salted with iodized salt
B)2 slices of baked ham on a toasted English muffin
C)a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges
D)½ of a chocolate doughnut that has the frosting removed

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

A)A child's appetite typically increases as his or her growth rate slows.
B)It is not unusual for children to have food jags.
C)Because of the choking hazard,children should not be offered cut-up raw vegetables until they are at least 7 years of age.
D)Snacks have no place in a child's diet.

Question 10

From ages 1 to 2 years,a healthy child gains about 12 pounds.

Question 11

Which of the following substances is in breast milk,but not in infant formulas?

A)Antibodies
B)Iron
C)Lactose
D)Lipids

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a physiological milestone that indicates an infant is ready to eat solid foods?

A)Emergence of the first primary tooth
B)Ability to sleep through the night
C)Ability to sit with some back support
D)Loss of extrusion reflex

Question 13

Adding fluoridated water to powdered or concentrated infant formula may result in dental fluorosis.

Question 14

Infants fed infant formula are more likely than breastfed infants to develop iron deficiency between 6 and 12 months of age.

Question 15

Compared to preschoolers,older children tend to eat ____________.

A)more foods away from home
B)fewer fried foods
C)smaller portions of sugar-sweetened beverages
D)smaller amounts of added sugars

Question 16

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ____________.

A)develop the let-down reflex
B)lose the extrusion reflex
C)can digest lactose
D)have most of their primary teeth

Question 17

Body length increases by ____________ inches per year in preschool-age children.

A)2.5-3
B)3-5
C)1-2.5
D)about 4

Question 18

Infants younger than 6 months old with diarrhea should be given pear or apple juice because the sugars in these juices will reduce diarrhea,gas,and abdominal pain.

Question 19

Which of the following reflexes causes an infant to turn its head and open its mouth as the baby's cheek is stroked?

A)Suck reflex
B)Rooting reflex
C)Extrusion reflex
D)Moro reflex

Question 20

Which of the following strategies is least likely to reduce the incidence of dental caries in toddlers and preschoolers?

A)Limiting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages
B)Not offering sweets as rewards
C)Serving fresh fruit for dessert
D)Limiting the consumption of fluoridated water

Question 21

Which of the following statements is true?

A)By the end of adolescence,most overfat teenagers have slimmed down and achieved healthy body weights.
B)Obese children are more likely to have high blood glucose levels than children who have healthy body weights.
C)For extremely obese adolescents,bariatric surgery is not recommended as a treatment option.
D)Compared to other adolescents,sleep apnea is more likely to affect teens whose BMI-for-ages are between the 50th and 75th percentiles.

Question 22

Compared to formula-fed infants,babies who are exclusively breastfed for their first 6 months of life are less likely to be obese when they are preschool-age.

Question 23

Major nutrition-related concerns of adolescents include _____ intakes.

A)high protein
B)low niacin
C)low iron
D)high calcium

Question 24

In the United States,the diets of many school-age children supply too much ____________.

A)sodium
B)iron
C)potassium
D)calcium

Question 25

Adolescent females usually attain their adult height later than adolescent males.

Question 26

Which of the following factors has a negative effect on a school-age child's diet?

A)Parents serving fresh fruit with meals and snacks
B)Eating meals at home
C)Caregivers setting limits on consumption of chips and soft drinks
D)Viewing television advertisements for sugar-sweetened soft drinks

Question 27

Major nutrition-related concerns of adolescents include _____ intakes.

A)high niacin
B)low calcium
C)high iron
D)low protein

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true?

A)By the time he reaches 16 years of age,a healthy boy's skeletal development is complete.
B)In the United States,most girls do not begin puberty until they are 14 years of age.
C)In the United States,healthy boys begin puberty between 14 and 16 years of age.
D)A healthy girl's skeletal growth is almost complete about 2 years after she begins menstruating.

Question 29

As a result of the Healthy,Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010,schools must provide more servings of fruits,vegetables,and whole grains,and reduce amounts of solid fats and sodium in school meals.

Question 30

Compared to preschoolers,older children tend to eat ____________.

A)more sugar-sweetened beverages
B)fewer fried foods
C)smaller amounts of sodium
D)fewer foods away from home

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a health problem associated with childhood obesity?

A)Type 1 diabetes
B)Asthma
C)Gallstones
D)Joint discomfort

Question 32

In an effort to prevent childhood obesity,the Institute of Medicine recommends that children's exposure to TV and forms of digital media should be limited to 2 hours per week.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor associated with childhood obesity?

A)Inheriting genes that "program" for obesity
B)Excess exposure to video games
C)Empty calorie snacks available in after-school programs
D)Lack of opportunities to be physically active daily

Question 34

Shakena is a 7-year-old girl whose BMI-for-age is in the 86th percentile.According to this information,Shakena's weight is ____________.

A)too low for her age
B)healthy for her age
C)in the obese range
D)classified as overweight

Question 35

Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile.According to this information,Mario's weight is ____________.

A)in the obese range
B)too low for his age
C)in the overweight category
D)healthy for his age

Question 36

Infants _____ have a high risk of obesity.

A)who obtain regular physical activity
B)with birth weights between 6.0 and 8.0 pounds
C)that are given vitamin C supplements
D)whose mothers are obese

Question 37

During the adolescent growth spurt,bones grow faster as a result of estrogen secretion in females and testosterone secretion in males.