Deck 13: Obesity, energy Balance, and Weight Management

Question 1

To calculate body mass index,divide weight in kilograms by height in meters,squared.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In 2008,the estimated expenses for taking care of obese patients and related economic costs were about ____________ in the United States.

A)$147,000
B)$147 million
C)$147 billion
D)$147 trillion

Answer 2

C

Question 3

You can calculate a person's BMI by taking his or her weight in pounds,dividing this number by his or her height (inches squared),and then,multiplying by 400.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Gloria's BMI is 32.4;her waist circumference is 38 inches and her hip circumference is 37 inches.According to this information,she _________.

A)engages in too much physical activity
B)consumes fewer kilocalories than she needs
C)has a "pear-shaped" body
D)is likely to have fertility problems

Question 5

In the United States,_____ are more likely to be overweight or obese than other adults.

A)white postmenopausal women
B)middle-age men with Asian ancestry
C)white American men who are over 60 years of age
D)non-Hispanic black Americans

Question 6

While sitting at a desk,Lisa talks on her cell phone.Under these conditions,talking on a cell phone is a form of _____ activity.

A)physical
B)nonexercise activity thermogenesis
C)TEF
D)basal metabolic

Question 7

Marcia's BMI is 24.2.Based on this information,her weight is in the _____ range.

A)overweight
B)extremely obese
C)healthy
D)underweight

Question 8

Eric's waist circumference is 42 inches.Based on this information,he has a high risk of ____________.

A)elevated HDL cholesterol
B)low LDL cholesterol
C)cardiovascular disease
D)Addison's disease

Question 9

_____ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs.

A)Visceral
B)Cellulite
C)Subcutaneous
D)Bariatric

Question 10

Which of the following body fat assessment techniques relies on the principle that water and electrolytes conduct electricity?

A)Skinfold measurements
B)Bioelectrical impedance
C)Air displacement
D)Underwater weighing

Question 11

A person who is 5-feet,6-inches tall and weighs 260 pounds has a body mass index of ____________.

A)5.9
B)42
C)26
D)35

Question 12

Ashley's BMI is 16.8.Based on this information,her weight is in the _____ range.

A)underweight
B)obese
C)healthy
D)overweight

Question 13

BMI is most accurate when assessing the health of highly muscular individuals,such as certain professional athletes.

Question 14

According to national surveys,the percentage of obese American adults increased by almost ____ % between 1988-1994 and 2011-2012.

A)70
B)60
C)50
D)40

Question 15

Which of the following measurement techniques is a convenient,practical,and inexpensive way to determine if a person has an unhealthy distribution of body fat?

A)Measuring the person's waist circumference
B)Using the underwater weighing technique
C)Using the BOD POD method
D)Weighing the person and then consulting a weight/height table

Question 16

Matt is having his body fat assessed by ____,a technique that requires a large device called the BOD POD.

A)bioelectrical impedance
B)air displacement
C)Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
D)skinfold measurements

Question 17

The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

A)salivary
B)adrenal
C)hypothalamus
D)thyroid

Question 18

_____ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.

A)Cellulite
B)Intracellular
C)Subcutaneous
D)Visceral

Question 19

Jared is an average,healthy 23 year old.Based on this information,_____ of his body's total energy use is for basal metabolism.rev: 04_09_2013_QC_29214

A)90%
B)70%
C)10%
D)40%

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

A)A man is obese when his percentage of body fat reaches 15%.
B)A person who has a BMI of 26.2 can have more muscle and bone tissue than another person who has the same BMI.
C)A healthy person has a percentage of body fat that is between 1 and 9%.
D)An obese person with a BMI of 32 has more healthy fat tissue than an obese person with a BMI of 30.

Question 21

Negative energy balance is achieved when obese individuals become more physically active and restrict their food intake.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Satiety is the feeling that drives a person to consume food.
B)People with "thrifty" metabolisms burn more fat per hour than other people.
C)Fat cells produce leptin,a hormone that can reduce hunger.
D)Ghrelin is an enzyme that breaks down fat in the stomach.

Question 23

A pound of body fat provides about _____ kcal.

A)1500
B)2500
C)3500
D)4500

Question 24

A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely reduces hunger to help obese people lose weight.Based on this information,this researcher will explore ways to block the production,release,or action of _________.

A)melatonin
B)leptin
C)insulin
D)ghrelin

Question 25

Which of the following persons is in a state of positive energy balance?

A)A 22-year-old man who consumes 1900 kcal/day and is losing weight
B)A 29-year-old woman who has maintained her weight for 6 months
C)A 25-year-old woman who is in her 6th month of pregnancy
D)An 89-year-old man who spends most of his day in a wheelchair or bed

Question 26

Erin is following a safe and medically sound weigh-loss program to lose 20 pounds.According to this information,her program _________.

A)reduces her metabolic rate by 20%
B)limits her energy intake to no more than 800 kcal/day
C)requires dietary supplements that contain vitamins,minerals,and ephedra
D)includes regular physical activity

Question 27

Heart rate monitors can be used to estimate TEE because a linear relationship exists between heart rate and oxygen consumption.

Question 28

John consumes 2600 kcal of foods and beverages and expends a total of 2600 kcal each day.His body is in a state of ____________.

A)positive energy balance
B)energy balance
C)weight cycling
D)weight gain

Question 29

Direct calorimetry measures a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

Question 30

According to the "set point theory," a person's _________.

A)body fat level is genetically determined and difficult to alter
B)body weight is influenced primarily by environmental factors
C)saturated fat intake strongly influences the rate at which he or she loses weight
D)metabolic rate remains the same,regardless of environmental or physical factors

Question 31

Jennifer has lost weight by following a well-balanced calorie-reduced weight-loss diet plan that includes daily exercise for several months.Recently,her rate of weight loss slowed,and this week,she lost no weight,even though she has continued to follow the weight-loss plan.Based on this information,Jennifer has _________.

A)cheated and consumed more calories than she's willing to admit
B)reached a "plateau," because she's in energy equilibrium
C)failed to reach her biological set point
D)reduced her weight to a healthy BMI,so she will be unable to lose any more

Question 32

Losing as little as _____% of excess body fat can increase HDL cholesterol levels,reduce high blood pressure,and improve glucose tolerance.

A)3
B)5
C)15
D)12

Question 33

Compared to other people,a person who has a "thrifty metabolism" _________.

A)burns three times more fat
B)gains weight more easily
C)loses excess food energy in the form of body heat
D)metabolizes more glucose than fatty acids for energy

Question 34

The senses of sight,smell,taste,and hearing influence a person's appetite.

Question 35

According to the American College of Sports Medicine,adults should perform ____________ minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity to prevent weight gain.

A)150-210
B)150-250
C)180-300
D)150-350

Question 36

Which of the following statements is true?

A)An average woman has a higher metabolic rate than an average man.
B)Fat cells require more energy to function than muscle cells.
C)As people grow older,their metabolic rates decline.
D)The aging process causes muscle cells to become fat cells.

Question 37

Chester's BMI is 35.3.According to his food records,he consumes an average of 3600 kcal/day.He would like to lose 10 pounds in 1 year by reducing his daily caloric intake.Based on this information,Chester should consume _____ kcal/day.

A)3400
B)3000
C)1100
D)2600

Question 38

Which of the following methods is not useful for estimating total energy expenditure?

A)Heart rate monitors
B)Accelerometers
C)Indirect calorimetry
D)Waistline measurements

Question 39

Direct calorimetry can be used to measure basal metabolic rate.

Question 40

Which of the following persons is in a state of negative energy balance?

A)A 23-year-old man who lifts weights every other day and has a BMI of 24
B)A 29-year old woman who has maintained her weight for 6 months
C)A 5-year-old girl who is healthy and physically active
D)A 22-year-old man who consumes 1900 kcal/day and is losing weight

Question 41

____________ alters the activity of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain,influencing satiety and reducing food intake as a result.

A)Belviq
B)Contrave
C)Qsymia
D)Xenical

Question 42

Which of the following is not a typical feature of fad diets?

A)Physical activity
B)Consumption of only one food or food group
C)Low calorie intake
D)Weight cycling

Question 43

Esther would like to gain weight,but despite eating regular meals and having no disordered eating practice or eating disorder,her BMI dropped from 19.0 to 16.2 in 1 year.According to this information,Esther's physician will need to _________.

A)treat Esther with hypermetabolic medications.
B)provide Esther with a low-fat,low-carb diet that provides 900 kcal/day to gain weight.
C)determine whether Esther has cancer or another chronic disease.
D)let Esther know that she shouldn't try to gain weight,because her BMI is in the healthy range.

Question 44

Initial weight loss on a low-carbohydrate diet results from the burning of stored body fat.

Question 45

Darlene is a 5'2'',23-year-old woman who weighs almost 250 pounds.To lose weight,she's tried calorie-restricted diets,fad diets,exercise programs,and appetite-suppressing pills without success.She would like to try a surgical weight-loss method that reduces the size of her stomach without the use of staples and is reversible.Her physician is likely to recommend _________.

A)adjustable gastric banding
B)gastric bypass procedure
C)sleeve gastrectomy
D)gastric resection

Question 46

Intestinal bloating,nausea,and diarrhea due to consumption of simple carbohydrates following gastric bypass surgery is referred to as dumping syndrome.

Question 47

George is a 5'8'',29-year-old man who weighs almost 350 pounds.To lose weight,he's tried calorie-restricted diets,fad diets,exercise programs,and appetite-suppressing pills without success.George wants to a permanent solution to treat his obesity.George's physician is likely to recommend a(n)______ as the best way to help George lose a lot of weight and avoid regaining much of it.

A)sleeve gastrectomy
B)anterior thyroidectomy
C)visceral lipectomy
D)frontal lobotomy

Question 48

A weight-loss program includes recommendations that are likely to be unsafe and not result in long-term weight loss and maintenance.Which of the following recommendations is a component of this particular weight-loss program?

A)The person keeps a daily food intake record to identify "problem foods."
B)The person only eats foods that begin with the letters R,K,and M.
C)The person measures his or her waistline weekly.
D)The person finds ways to incorporate more physical activity into his or her daily routine.

Question 49

Which of the following dietary supplements may slightly enhance weight loss?

A)Chromium picolinate
B)Hoodia
C)Chia seeds
D)Blue-green algae

Question 50

Consuela is an overweight young woman who wants to lose 10 pounds.The most reliable and safe way for her to lose this weight is to _________.

A)increase her essential fatty acid intake
B)decrease her usual daily energy intake
C)decrease her physical activity
D)increase her daily vitamin D intake

Question 51

Being underweight reduces a person's risk of illness and infection.

Question 52

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost,members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to _________.

A)exercise for at least 30 minutes daily
B)weigh themselves only once a month
C)limit television viewing to no more than 20 hours/week
D)eat breakfast daily

Question 53

Ephedra-containing weight-loss supplements are commercially available at drug stores across the United States.

Question 54

Dennis wants to gain weight,primarily as lean tissue.In addition to performing resistance exercise regularly,he should _________.

A)add nutrient-dense,healthy sources of energy to his diet,including fatty fish,whole-grain cereals,nuts,peanut butter,and olive oil
B)supplement his diet with essential amino acids and limit his total fat intake to no more than 10% of total kilocalories
C)avoid aerobic activities on the days he doesn't lift weights and eat about 50% of total calories from saturated fat
D)increase his protein intake to 60% of total energy intake,eat more complex carbohydrates,and take a multivitamin/multimineral supplement

Question 55

Low-carbohydrate diets increase HDL cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Question 56

To gain weight,underweight adults should increase their consumption of all of the following foods EXCEPT ____________.

A)milk shakes made with peanut butter and reduced-fat ice cream
B)oatmeal raisin cookies
C)soft drinks
D)banana and zucchini breads

Question 57

The weight-loss medication orlistat (Xenical)____________.

A)increases the metabolic rate by stimulating the release of certain hormones
B)reduces the amount of fat absorbed by the digestive tract
C)increases the amount of energy the body expends by NEAT
D)reduces the rate at which glucose enters cells

Question 58

Gastric bypass surgery can increase a person's risk of osteoporosis.