Deck 8: Body Cavities, mesenteries, and Diaphragm

Question 1

________ Connects the pericardial and peritoneal cavities

A)Costodiaphragmatic recess
B)Cervical myotomes
C)Congenital hiatal hernia
D)Pleuroperitoneal membrane
E)Pericardioperitoneal canal

Answer 1

E
The pericardioperitoneal canals become the adult pleural cavities.Membranes develop at the cranial and caudal ends of these canals that separate the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity and the peritoneal cavity,respectively.The developing lungs invaginate the medial walls of the pericardioperitoneal cavities.The inner (visceral)and outer (parietal)walls of these canals eventually come close together as the layers of pleura.

Question 2

________ Future pleural cavity

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Answer 2

A
The pericardioperitoneal canals become the pleural cavities.The bronchial buds grow laterally during the fifth week and evaginate the medial walls of the canals.The inner walls of the canals become the visceral pleura and the outer walls become the parietal pleura.

Question 3

________ Posterolateral diaphragmatic defect

A)Costodiaphragmatic recess
B)Cervical myotomes
C)Congenital hiatal hernia
D)Pleuroperitoneal membrane
E)Pericardioperitoneal canal

Answer 3

D
If the pleuroperitoneal membrane fails to develop or to fuse with other parts of the diaphragm,a posterolateral defect develops,usually on the left side.Associated with this defect is herniation of abdominal viscera into the thorax and compression of the lungs.This type of CDH often results in a medical-surgical emergency because of difficulty in fetal breathing.

Question 4

________ Herniation of the abdominal viscera

A)Costodiaphragmatic recess
B)Cervical myotomes
C)Congenital hiatal hernia
D)Pleuroperitoneal membrane
E)Pericardioperitoneal canal

Question 5

________ Pleuroperitoneal membrane

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 6

________ Primordium of the esophagus

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 7

________ Dorsal mesogastrium

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 8

________ Muscular origins of the diaphragm

A)Esophageal mesentery
B)Pleuropericardial membrane
C)Phrenic nerves
D)Crura of the diaphragm
E)Embryonic mediastinum

Question 9

________ Caudal part of the foregut

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 10

________ Gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 11

________ Derived from the third to fifth cervical spinal cord segments

A)Esophageal mesentery
B)Pleuropericardial membrane
C)Phrenic nerves
D)Crura of the diaphragm
E)Embryonic mediastinum

Question 12

________ Large esophageal opening

A)Costodiaphragmatic recess
B)Cervical myotomes
C)Congenital hiatal hernia
D)Pleuroperitoneal membrane
E)Pericardioperitoneal canal

Question 13

________ Future pleural cavity

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 14

________ Ventral mesentery of the stomach

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 15

________ Diaphragmatic muscles

A)Costodiaphragmatic recess
B)Cervical myotomes
C)Congenital hiatal hernia
D)Pleuroperitoneal membrane
E)Pericardioperitoneal canal

Question 16

________ Derived from intraembryonic coelom

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 17

________ Forms median part of the diaphragm

A)Esophageal mesentery
B)Pleuropericardial membrane
C)Phrenic nerves
D)Crura of the diaphragm
E)Embryonic mediastinum

Question 18

________ Gives rise to central tendon

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 19

________ Derived from the foregut

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 20

________ Esophageal mesentery

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E