Deck 31: Antihistaminic Drugs and Mast Cell Release Inhibitors

Question 1

What type of antibody is produced the first time a person is sensitized by tree pollen?

A) IgA
B) IgB
C) IgE
D) IgF

Answer 1

IgE

Question 2

Nonselective interactions of first-generation antihistamines include:

A) Relief of allergy symptoms and ulcers
B) Relief of ulcers and sedation
C) Relief of allergy symptoms and sedation
D) Relief of ulcers and anticholinergic activity

Answer 2

Relief of allergy symptoms and sedation

Question 3

What role do H₁-receptors play in the bronchioles for patients with asthma?

A) Contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle and making breathing difficult
B) Dilation of bronchiolar smooth muscle and making breathing difficult
C) Contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle and alleviating breathing problems
D) Dilation of bronchiolar smooth muscle and alleviating breathing problems

Answer 3

Contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle and making breathing difficult

Question 4

What occurs in an allergic reaction when histamine binds to receptors on sensory nerve endings?

A) Sodium channels are activated, causing pain and swelling.
B) Itch-specific fibers are stimulated, causing itching and pain.
C) Vasodilation in the area causes erythema.
D) Vasodilation in the area causes histaminic cephalgia.

Question 5

Eczematoid dermatitis can occur with antihistamines as a result of:

A) A severe allergic reaction
B) Overstimulation of mast cell degranulation
C) A hypersensitivity reaction from overuse
D) None of these result in dermatitis.

Question 6

Advantages of newer-generation antihistaminics over first-generation antihistaminics are:

A) Increased selectivity for central H₁-receptors and less sedation
B) Decreased selectivity for peripheral H₁-receptors and less sedation
C) Decreased selectivity for peripheral H₁-receptors and more sedation
D) Increased selectivity for peripheral H₁-receptors and less sedation

Question 7

Why do first-generation antihistaminics require repeated administration multiple times a day?

A) Smaller doses at a higher frequency will prevent a fatal toxicity.
B) Absorption in the intestines is slow and often incomplete.
C) These drugs are rapidly metabolized by the liver.
D) Renal elimination of these drugs is very quick.

Question 8

The effects of histamine on the vasculature are that it:

A) Promotes vasoconstriction of the blood vessels and vasodilation of capillaries
B) Promotes vasodilation of the blood vessels and vasoconstriction of capillaries
C) Promotes vasoconstriction of the blood vessels and capillaries
D) Promotes vasodilation of the blood vessels and capillaries

Question 9

Life-threatening arrhythmias can occur with astemazole and terfenadine because of:

A) Atrial flutter in patients with congestive heart failure
B) Ventricular fibrillation in patients who have a pacemaker
C) Ventricular arrhythmias that result from overstimulation of the SA node
D) Ventricular arrhythmias that result from improper ion channel conduction

Question 10

A person allergic to chocolate may develop a migraine headache because:

A) Histamine dilates cerebral blood vessels that will stimulate nearby pain receptors.
B) IgE dilates cerebral blood vessels that will stimulate nearby pain receptors.
C) Histamine stimulates pain receptors by vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels.
D) IgE stimulates pain receptors by vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels.

Question 11

What will happen to mast cells once an individual is first exposed to an allergen?

A) Mast cell will produce antibodies.
B) Degranulation of lymphocyte will take place.
C) IgE immunoglobulin will attach to surface of mast cell.
D) Degranulation of mast cell will take place.

Question 12

The best time to administer cromolyn sodium is:

A) Before an allergic attack
B) Immediately after an allergic attack has occurred
C) About 1 hour after an allergic attack has occurred
D) Anytime after an allergic attack has occurred

Question 13

Why would Dr.Smith not prescribe an antihistamine for his patient with asthma?

A) Antihistamines produce more disturbances in intestinal activity, rather than a therapeutic response.
B) Antihistamines are not therapeutically useful in the treatment of asthma.
C) Antihistamines allow for the production of nasal and bronchial mucus.
D) A life-threatening reaction called the Response of Lewis can occur.

Question 14

Why shouldn't oral cromolyn dosage forms be taken with fruit juice or milk?

A) The acidic conditions will induce metabolism and be less powerful.
B) Enhanced activity of drug occurs with juices and milk.
C) An insoluble complex is formed that is difficult to excrete.
D) Absorption of drug will be compromised.

Question 15

Side effects associated with antihistaminics are:

A) Agitation and xerostomia
B) Sedation and xerostomia
C) Agitation and insomnia
D) Sedation and insomnia

Question 16

Antihistaminics can be used in cold remedies because of the anticholinergic properties responsible for:

A) Inhibiting the degranulation process in mast cells
B) Promoting sedation
C) Slowing the breathing process
D) Drying nasal secretions

Question 17

Vertigo and nausea can be treated with these antihistamine medications:

A) Terfinadine and meclizine
B) Dimenhydrinate and meclizine
C) Astemizole and dimenhydrinate
D) Cetirizine and dimenhydrinate

Question 18

Which type of histamine receptor is located on blood vessels,bronchiolar smooth muscle,and intestinal smooth muscle and is used to mediate allergic reactions?

A) H₁
B) H₂
C) H₃
D) H₄

Question 19

What unexpected adverse effect can elderly patients experience when taking an antihistaminic?

A) Respiratory depression
B) Stimulation
C) Extreme hypotension
D) Insomnia