Deck 33: Agents That Affect Intestinal Motility

Question 1

In the context of the treatment of peptic ulcer caused by H.pylori,triple therapy refers to using _____.

A) two antibiotics and a bismuth compound
B) two antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor
C) an antibiotic, a bismuth compound, and a proton pump inhibitor
D) an antibiotic, an antifungal, and a bismuth compound

Answer 1

two antibiotics and a bismuth compound

Question 2

Oral H₂-receptor antagonists _____.

A)must be taken on an empty stomach
B)interact with citrus juices
C)can be taken with food
D)do not interact with other medications

Answer 2

can be taken with food

Question 3

Which of the following H₂-receptor antagonist medications should a patient with liver problems avoid?

A) Famotidine and ibuprofen OTC
B) Lansoprazole and esomeprazole
C) Omeprazole and dexlansoprazole
D) Nizatidine and ranitidine

Answer 3

Nizatidine and ranitidine

Question 4

Omeprazole works by _____.

A) inhibiting a hydrogen-potassium pump in mucosal cells
B) inhibiting a sodium-potassium pump in mucosal cells
C) inhibiting a hydrogen-potassium pump in parietal cells
D) inhibiting a sodium-potassium pump in parietal cells

Question 5

The mechanism of action of sucralfate has it classified as _____.

A) an antacid
B) a prostaglandin
C) an anticholinergic
D) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is not a common cause of peptic ulcers?

A) Overproduction of inhibitory enzyme to stop acid secretion
B) Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
C) Excess gastric acid secretion
D) Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 7

What are the two types of receptor antagonists that are used as antiemetics?

A) Serotonin 5-HT₃ and NK₁
B) Serotonin 5-HT₂ and H₁
C) D₂ and M₁
D) H₁ and M

Question 8

Acid secretion and gastrin-induced secretion is inhibited by blocking _____.

A) cholinergic and H₁-receptors
B) adrenergic and H₁-receptors
C) cholinergic and H₂-receptors
D) adrenergic and H₂-receptors

Question 9

One way to treat a patient with severe GERD is to _____.

A) use tissue grafting to replace eroded tissue
B) remove damaged tissue through surgery
C) administer triple therapy in conjunction with NSAIDs
D) administer quadruple therapy

Question 10

Which H₂-receptor antagonist should not be prescribed for a patient already taking calcium channel blockers,metoprolol,and phenytoin?

A) Cimetidine
B) Famotidine
C) Nizatidine
D) Ranitidine

Question 11

Gastric juices mainly consist of _____.

A) HCl and gastrin
B) HCl and pepsin
C) sodium bicarbonate and gastrin
D) sodium bicarbonate and pepsin

Question 12

Stopping the acid secretion completely between meals would put a person at an increased risk of _____.

A) metabolic acidosis
B) metabolic alkalosis
C) GI infections
D) constipation

Question 13

Why should cimetidine never be mixed with a barbiturate when compounding an IV admixture?

A) The drugs will exhibit pharmacological antagonism to each other.
B) Cimetidine will precipitate out of solution.
C) The drugs will exhibit pharmacological synergism with each other.
D) The barbiturate will precipitate out of solution.

Question 14

One common problem with long-term use of antacids is _____.

A) metabolic alkalosis
B) high magnesium content
C) high aluminum content
D) high sodium content

Question 15

Gastric juices are released during the gastric phase when the _____.

A) chyme or partially digested foods enter the intestine.
B) adrenergic receptors on parietal cells are stimulated.
C) brain receives sensory input.
D) stomach distends.

Question 16

One way to directly block the secretion of acid and pepsin in the stomach is to _____.

A) administer an H₁-blocker
B) administer a proton pump inhibitor
C) administer an H₂-blocker
D) administer an anticholinergic

Question 17

_____ receptors are found on parietal cells and increase secretion of HCl when activated.

A) Cholinergic
B) Prostaglandin
C) Histamine
D) Adrenergic

Question 18

Antibiotic treatment for peptic ulcers caused by H.pylori requires the use of _____.

A) two antibiotics
B) one antibiotic and one antifungal
C) three antibiotics
D) one antibiotic and one antiprotozoal

Question 19

Which of the following medications can promote the formation of ulcers by interfering with mucus production or secretion?

A) Diuretics
B) NSAIDs
C) Antacids
D) Antibiotics

Question 20

Symptoms of chronic erosion of mucosal lining and perforation include _____.

A) hyperglycemia
B) high levels of IgE antibodies
C) hypertension
D) presence of blood in stool or vomit

Question 21

_____ are considered the first-line therapy in treating GERD.

A) Proton pump inhibitors
B) Antacids
C) Histamine H₂-receptor antagonists
D) Prostaglandins

Question 22

Identify the mechanism of action by which NSAIDs cause peptic ulcers.

A) Blockade of prostaglandins that inhibit gastric secretions
B) Blockade of receptors that promote the fight-or-flight response
C) Stimulation of histamine receptors on parietal cells
D) Stimulation of H₁-receptors on smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract

Question 23

Identify the mechanism of action of antacids.

A) Neutralizing gastric acid
B) Reducing the volume of gastric acid
C) Reducing the concentration of gastric acid
D) Stimulating the production of gastric acid

Question 24

Julian is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and presents with symptoms such as gastric acid hypersecretion.Which of the following drugs should be used to treat Julian?

A) Cimetidine
B) Omeprazole
C) Metoclopramide
D) Antacids

Question 25

In the context of the digestion process,which of the following is true of histamine?

A) Histamine is released from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells that are stimulated by gastrin.
B) Histamine binds to receptors on enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells to release gastric juices.
C) Drugs that block histamine release decrease the pH in the stomach.
D) Histamine inhibits the action of digestive enzymes such as pepsin.

Question 26

Famotidine is available as over-the-counter 10-mg tablets.If Kayla takes one tablet every 12 hours over a period of four days.What is the total dosage of famotidine administered to Kayla?

A) 80 mg
B) 40 mg
C) 120 mg
D) 48 mg

Question 27

Ray is prescribed Carafate for the treatment of peptic ulcers.Which of the following side effects can Ray expect from this medication?

A) Constipation
B) Nausea
C) Vomiting
D) Headache

Question 28

_____ results when antacids increase the pH of the stomach and the secretory cells respond by increasing the secretion of gastric acid.

A) Acid rebound
B) Acid reflux
C) Hypophosphatemia
D) Hypercalcemia

Question 29

_____ are considered to be ulcerogenic because they inhibit the secretion of protective mucus and interfere with the normal production of the mucosal lining.

A) Steroids
B) Antacids
C) Adrenergic drugs
D) Antihistamines

Question 30

The suppression of acid secretion is greater with a proton pump inhibitor than with an H₂-receptor antagonist because:

A) unlike an H₂-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor blocks the secretion of HCl.
B) unlike an H₂-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor blocks the release of histamine from parietal cells.
C) unlike an H₂-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor increases the volume and strength of acid secretion.
D) unlike an H₂-receptor antagonist, a proton pump inhibitor stimulates H₁-receptors.

Question 31

_____ is a disease characterized by the presence of gastrin-containing tumors (gastrinomas)and ulceration of the GI tract.

A) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
B) Reye's syndrome
C) Adams-Stokes SYNDROME
D) Behcet's Syndrome

Question 32

What is the therapeutic role of bismuth in triple therapy that is used to treat peptic ulcers?

A) Bismuth inhibits the adhesion of bacteria to the gastric mucosa.
B) Bismuth permeates the bacterial cell wall and weakens it.
C) Bismuth eradicates the bacterial infection by selectively killing H. pylori.
D) Bismuth neutralizes the acid present in the stomach.

Question 33

A patient with peptic ulcer complains of severe duodenal pain.Which of the following treatment options is most likely to relieve this pain?

A) Administration of food
B) Administration of histamine H₁-receptor antagonists
C) Administration of calcium channel blockers
D) Administration of cholinergic drugs

Question 34

Raymond,a patient with Zollinger-Ellison (ZE)syndrome,is administered a dose of 6 mg of cimetidine.How long will it take for peak absorption to occur?

A) Within 90 minutes
B) 10 minutes
C) 2 to 3 hours
D) 6 hours

Question 35

Krista is suffering from GERD.After various medications fail to improve her condition,Krista is prescribed metoclopramide as a short-term treatment option.However,the success of the treatment prompts Krista to continue using the medication for over three times the prescribed duration.Krista is at a risk for _____.

A) tardive dyskinesia
B) bulimia
C) sinus tachycardia
D) diabetic gastroparesis