Deck 43: Antiprotozoal and Anthelmintic Drugs

Question 1

Since many parasitic worms are ingested and remain in the intestines,many anthelmintic drugs can successfully exert their effect because they are poorly absorbed.Piperazine induces its action by:

A) initiating a depolarizing neuromuscular blockade in the worm.
B) irreversibly inhibiting acetylcholinesterases in the worm.
C) inhibiting cholinesterases in the worm.
D) causing flaccid paralysis in the worm.

Answer 1

causing flaccid paralysis in the worm.

Question 2

A desirable feature of metronidazole is its ability to:

A) limit its effect to certain regions of the body.
B) distribute over a wide range of tissues systemically.
C) be well tolerated in patients with severe liver disease.
D) cross the placenta.

Answer 2

distribute over a wide range of tissues systemically.

Question 3

Is a radical cure for malaria necessary for someone who is asymptomatic?

A) No, prophylactic treatment would suffice.
B) No, malaria is never asymptomatic.
C) Yes, the patient could still have the parasite in the liver.
D) Yes, the patient could still have the parasite in the lungs.

Answer 3

Yes, the patient could still have the parasite in the liver.

Question 4

A patient with severe liver disease and dysentery arrives at the hospital.Can the patient receive metronidazole?

A) Yes, but treatment should be supplemented with vitamin B₁₂.
B) Yes, but close monitoring will be required.
C) No, this has been shown to increase the risk of developing cancer.
D) No, this can cause a disulfiram-like reaction in the patient.

Question 5

What medication might a person be taking if he or she experiences headache and ringing in the ears?

A) Primaquine
B) Pyrimethamine
C) Hydroxychloroquine
D) Quinine

Question 6

After returning from a trip to the tropics,Samuel begins to experience flu-like symptoms.The chills and high fever he is experiencing are probably due to:

A) bacteria colonizing the large intestine.
B) protozoa rapidly multiplying and causing red blood cells to rupture.
C) a virus spreading in the central nervous system.
D) a ringworm infection.

Question 7

Emily has a family history of anemia.After returning from a vacation in the tropics,she develops malaria.Which medication should not be given to Emily?

A) Primaquine
B) Mefloquine
C) Chloroquine
D) Hydroxychloroquine

Question 8

Toxoplasmosis is most likely to spread to humans from:

A) dust mites.
B) ingestion of food contaminated with the worm.
C) oocysts found in the stool of felines.
D) pet dander.

Question 9

A patient with malaria has overdosed on chloroquine.If no antidote is available,what can be done for the patient?

A) Administration of oxygen
B) Administration of plenty of fluids
C) Alkalinization of the urine
D) Acidification of the urine

Question 10

What antimalarial agent can be used to produce a radical cure?

A) Primaquine
B) Chloroquine
C) Mefloquine
D) Quinine

Question 11

Which of the following protozoal infections respond to drug therapy?

A) Malaria
B) Dysentery
C) Trichomoniasis
D) All of these

Question 12

Entamoeba histolytica is more dangerous than Giardia lamblia at producing dysentery because:

A) Entamoeba can invade the liver.
B) Entamoeba can cross the blood-brain barrier.
C) Entamoeba causes tenesmus.
D) Entamoeba can become resistant to treatment.

Question 13

A therapeutic use of quinine,other than for treating malaria,is for treating:

A) blurred vision.
B) headache.
C) motion sickness.
D) nocturnal leg cramps.

Question 14

In order to avoid toxoplasmosis,pregnant women should stay away from a cat's litter box during:

A) only the first trimester.
B) the first and second trimester.
C) only the third trimester.
D) all three trimesters.

Question 15

What should be avoided so that a disulfiram-like reaction will not be experienced by a patient on metronidazole?

A) Dairy product
B) Alcohol
C) Antacid
D) Iron supplement

Question 16

Which of the following does the malaria parasite occupy?

A) The brain and the urinary system
B) The kidneys and the digestive system
C) The liver and the circulatory system
D) The pancreas and the immune system

Question 17

Which two methods can campers use to remove Giardia cysts from a natural water source?

A) Boiling and filters
B) Boiling and chemical treatment
C) Filters and chemical treatment
D) Freezing and chemical treatment

Question 18

When a mosquito bites an individual,the malaria parasite is injected directly into the human bloodstream.Initially,the microorganisms invade and mature in the _____.

A) white blood cells
B) red blood cells
C) liver
D) kidneys

Question 19

Which of the following is a disease associated with protozoal infection in humans?

A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Trichomoniasis
C) Tuberculosis
D) Pneumonia

Question 20

An example of a sexually transmitted disease caused by a protozoan is:

A) malaria.
B) trichomoniasis.
C) dysentery.
D) toxoplasmosis.

Question 21

Identify a true statement about antimalarial drugs.

A) Pyrimethamine and mefloquine have been associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
B) Drugs for the treatment of acute malaria exacerbations are usually administered parenterally.
C) Primaquine inhibits the conversion of the folic acid to folinic acid in the microorganisms.
D) Pyrimethamine acts directly within the microorganisms by accumulating in the parasites and binding to the critical metabolic substances.

Question 22

Which of the following is a true statement about malaria?

A) All the four species of Plasmodia that infect humans differ in the physiological responses produced.
B) The four species of Plasmodia that infect humans produce the same severity of symptoms.
C) The protozoal parasite inhabits the salivary glands of the Anopheles mosquito.
D) The malaria parasite is a protozoan known as Giardia lamblia.

Question 23

Allen is taking Flagyl for the treatment of trichomoniasis.Which of the following cautions should Allen take?

A) Allen should avoid alcohol use.
B) Allen should avoid taking the drug with food.
C) Allen should stop taking the drug if he notices an unpleasant metallic taste.
D) Allen should stop taking the drug if his urine becomes dark in color.

Question 24

A patient with a tapeworm infestation has been admitted to the hospital.The patient also has a low blood count.Which of the following is most likely to be suspected by the health-care professional?

A) There is also a serious infection in addition to the tapeworm infestation.
B) The tapeworm is producing a toxin that is destroying red blood cells.
C) The tapeworm is robbing the body of cofactors needed to produce red blood cells.
D) The tapeworm may be causing hemorrhage by perforating the intestines.

Question 25

Which of the following can be best defined as a thick-walled structure in which parasitic protozoal sex cells develop for transfer to new hosts?

A) An antigen
B) A kerion
C) A sebum
D) An oocyst

Question 26

Which of the following drugs may produce cinchonism in sensitive individuals?

A) Praziquantel
B) Tinidazole
C) Quinine
D) Mefloquine

Question 27

Which of the following drugs has been associated with the production of central nervous system (CNS)stimulation,amnesia,peripheral neuropathy,and optic atrophy,which can be permanent?

A) Chloroquine
B) Metronidazole
C) Tinidazole
D) Paromomycin

Question 28

Tracy has been diagnosed with malaria and has been prescribed a quinoline for her treatment.Which of the following is true of her case?

A) Tracy's drug dosing intervals should be evenly spaced.
B) Tracy may stop using the drug when the symptoms start to disappear.
C) Tracy should stop using the drug only when all the symptoms have disappeared.
D) Tracy should take the drug only on an empty stomach.

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true about Giardia lamblia?

A) Giardia is transmitted by blood contact.
B) Giardia lamblia is a flagellated protozoan that resides in the salivary glands of the Anopheles mosquito.
C) Giardia lamblia can exist even in chlorinated water.
D) Children are least susceptible to Giardia infection.

Question 30

Eva has been diagnosed with malaria.She has also been on rifampin treatment for tuberculosis.Her physician prescribes Qualaquin for treating malaria and asks her to interrupt the rifampin doses because it may:

A) induce a disulfiram reaction.
B) increase quinine clearance.
C) induce hepatic metabolism of quinine.
D) increase the absorption of quinine.

Question 31

The adverse effects of anthelmintic drugs include _____.

A) chills
B) tinnitus
C) dysgeusia
D) constipation

Question 32

Identify an accurate statement about the pharmacokinetics of drugs effective in the treatment of dysentery.

A) Metronidazole is metabolized in the liver to active trichomonicidal conjugates.
B) Tinidazole is metabolized slightly (30 percent) and excreted into the urine mostly unchanged (70 percent).
C) Chloroquine is entirely metabolized in the liver prior to excretion.
D) Chloroquine is very rapidly redistributed among tissue.

Question 33

The adverse effects of the drugs available for the first-line treatment of Giardia lamblia include _____.

A) hypotension
B) dysgeusia
C) tinnitus
D) chills

Question 34

Jacob has been prescribed mefloquine as a treatment for malaria.His physician should caution him about:

A) a disulfiram-like reaction.
B) cinchonism.
C) Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
D) dizziness while driving.