Deck 35: Animal Reproduction and Development

Question 1

Male Australian redback spiders present themselves to be eaten by their mates.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

As human labor progresses,the woman's body releases more and more hormones that act to increase it.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The process that unites the male gametes with the female gametes in organisms that reproduce sexually is termed

A) conjugation.
B) fertilization.
C) crossing-over.
D) gastrulation.
E) recombination.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In working with an infertile couple,you observe that the wife releases polar bodies each month,wrapped in follicle cells.How would you explain their infertility?

A) The wife's ovaries are not making eggs, just polar bodies.
B) The wife lacks ovaries.
C) The wife has excess estrogen.
D) The wife's ovaries are producing testosterone.
E) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 5

The polar body formed after meiosis I becomes the egg cell.

Question 6

If you observed two female redback spiders,one having 10 offspring and the other 50,what could explain the difference?

A) The female with more offspring ate her mate and was therefore better nourished.
B) The female with fewer offspring has a virus.
C) The female with more offspring has more estrogen.
D) The female with fewer offspring received more sperm from fewer males.
E) The female with more offspring is a better hunter.

Question 7

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease which is a major cause of female infertility.

Question 8

If you were observing a newly discovered animal and wanted to determine if it reproduces sexually or asexually,you could best

A) examine parents and offspring to see if the offspring are genetically identical to parents.
B) examine males to see if sperm can be produced.
C) try to observe mating behavior.
D) look carefully for nests with eggs.
E) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 9

Consumption of male redback spiders by females keeps numbers of males in check and is an example of homeostasis.

Question 10

What results when the sex cells of a male animal and a female animal unite,the resulting cell is called a

A) gamete.
B) morula.
C) polar body.
D) zygote.
E) oogonium.

Question 11

Human childbirth is known as labor.

Question 12

While observing a newly discovered kind of mouse,you see that its young strongly resemble caterpillars,but the adults look like normal mice.What term can you give for the development of this mouse?

A) direct
B) indirect
C) imcomplete
D) delayed
E) circumstantial

Question 13

Male redback spiders benefit when they are eaten by their mates because

A) they ultimately have higher reproductive success.
B) they are only partially eaten and can regrow lost parts.
C) they would die soon after copulation anyway.
D) they don't have to fight other males.
E) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 14

In organisms that reproduce sexually,________ are the sex cells that carry the genetic information from each parent.

A) diploid gametes
B) diploid morulas
C) diploid zygotes
D) haploid gametes
E) haploid zygotes

Question 15

The contraceptive pill prevents both conception of a new life and implantation of the new human embryo in the uterine wall.

Question 16

Human development is an example of direct development.

Question 17

Male Australian redback spiders are much larger than the females.

Question 18

If a woman in labor has her cervix dilate,but her contractions remain too weak,what should be given to help her labor progress?

A) oxytocin
B) progesterone
C) estrogen
D) calcium
E) testosterone

Question 19

The first diploid cell giving rise,ultimately,to human eggs,is the primary oocyte.

Question 20

Hepatitis B is a sexually transmitted disease.

Question 21

In females,nearly all cases of _____ cancer are associated with the human papillomavirus.

A) ovarian.
B) lung.
C) breast.
D) cervical.
E) All answer choices are correct.

Question 22

Mature human sperm cells

A) are spermatozoa.
B) are secondary spermatocytes.
C) contain 46 chromosomes.
D) are primary spermatocytes.
E) undergo meiosis.

Question 23

In the male,the saclike structure that contains the testes is the

A) epididymis.
B) vas deferens.
C) scrotum.
D) sustentacular cells.
E) seminal vesicle.

Question 24

Testosterone is a male sex hormone.

Question 25

Fertilization of a secondary oocyte normally occurs in the

A) ovary.
B) vagina.
C) uterine tube.
D) uterus.
E) peritoneal cavity.

Question 26

In the human male and female reproductive systems,each system contains paired primary sex organs called _____,which contain _____ cells that give rise to gametes.

A) testes; sperm
B) gonads; germ
C) ovaries; egg
D) bulbourethral glands; germ
E) All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 27

Cilia sweep the released mature oocytes from ovaries into the

A) cervix.
B) uterine tubes.
C) pubic symphysis.
D) uterus.
E) vagina.

Question 28

If you were grading an exam on which a student had drawn and labelled a sperm cell,which label would lead to a loss of points?

A) flagellum
B) cilia
C) nucleus
D) acrosome
E) mitochondrion

Question 29

The tubelike structure that serves as the birth canal in the human female is the

A) cervix.
B) vulva.
C) vagina.
D) uterus.
E) uterine tube.

Question 30

In a secondary oocyte,meiosis is arrested in metaphase II until

A) ovulation.
B) FSH is present.
C) fertilization occurs.
D) LH is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
E) puberty.

Question 31

If asked to point to the place on a diagram where sperm cells are stored,you would place a pointer on the

A) scrotum.
B) vas deferens.
C) epididymis.
D) bulbourethral gland.
E) seminal vesicle.

Question 32

If you were diagnosing a case of infertility in a male patient,and you found that his sperm failed to swim,you would diagnose a problem in the

A) bulbourethral gland.
B) seminal vesicle.
C) prostate gland.
D) vas deferens.
E) epididymis.

Question 33

No matter what else occurred,pregnancy would be impossible if a woman lost her

A) ovary.
B) pubic symphysis.
C) vagina.
D) uterus.
E) vulva.

Question 34

Menopause

A) is the cessation of menstruation.
B) is the cessation of sperm production.
C) is the beginning of menstruation.
D) begins in most females at puberty.
E) begins in most males at puberty.

Question 35

Human spermatogonia

A) are diploid.
B) are diploid cells that reside within the seminiferous tubules.
C) are germ cells.
D) are germ cells that reside within the seminiferous tubules.
E) reside within the seminiferous tubules.

Question 36

The tightly coiled structure inside each testis that produces sperm cells is the

A) seminiferous tubule.
B) epididymis.
C) vas deferens.
D) interstitial cell.
E) bulbourethral gland.

Question 37

Trihydroxytestosterone is a male sex hormone.

Question 38

In human males,the different types of male sex hormones are collectively called

A) estrogens.
B) growth hormones.
C) progesterones.
D) androgens.
E) follicle-stimulating hormones.

Question 39

The caplike _____ covers the head of the sperm and releases enzymes that will help the sperm penetrate the egg.

A) epididymis
B) vas deferens
C) acrosome
D) mitochondrion
E) nucleus

Question 40

The cells in the ovary that give rise to the mature egg cells are the

A) follicle cells.
B) osteocytes.
C) endometrial cells.
D) polar bodies.
E) primary oocytes.

Question 41

Substances that cause birth defects are collectively called

A) androgens.
B) prostaglandins.
C) teratogens.
D) follicle-stimulating hormones.
E) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 42

The hormone released by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the development of the corpus luteum is

A) GnRH.
B) FSH.
C) LH.
D) ADH.
E) progesterone.

Question 43

The hormone that is the basis of most pregnancy tests is

A) follicle-stimulating hormone.
B) luteinizing hormone.
C) human chorionic gonadotropin.
D) estrogen.
E) progesterone.

Question 44

Athletes who take synthetic steroids can become sterile due to lack of sperm production.This is because of negative feedback on which of the following?

A) the epididymis
B) the testes
C) the vas deferens
D) the prostate
E) the hypothalamus

Question 45

A caterpillar turning into a butterfly is an example of

A) direct development.
B) indirect development.
C) external fertilization.
D) internal fertilization.
E) reproduction.

Question 46

Birth control pills generally contain only estrogen.

Question 47

In the late 1950s,some women were prescribed a teratogen to relieve symptoms of morning sickness.This drug caused abnormal limb development in the children of these women.What was this drug?

A) acetaminophen
B) acutane
C) erythromycin
D) thalidomide
E) penicillin

Question 48

The stage of human development that occurs from implantation to about 8 weeks after fertilization is the

A) zygote.
B) morula.
C) gastrula.
D) fetal stage.
E) embryonic stage.

Question 49

A vasectomy is a surgical procedure in which the vas deferens are severed,and then tied.How would this cause sterility?

A) Sperm cannot be produced by meiosis.
B) Sperm cannot be produced by mitosis.
C) Sperm cannot move to the urethra.
D) A man cannot get an erection.
E) The testes stop producing testosterone.

Question 50

In humans,if a preembryo splits during the first 2 weeks of development,_____ are usually formed.

A) polar bodies
B) secondary oocytes
C) fraternal twins
D) identical twins
E) embryonic discs

Question 51

If you were observing an early stage in human development at which endoderm,mesoderm,and ectoderm had just formed,you would be looking at a

A) zygote.
B) gastrula.
C) embryonic stage.
D) morula.
E) fetal stage.

Question 52

The correct sequence for the stages in development from conception to birth is

A) preembryonic stage, zygote, embryonic stage, fetal stage.
B) fetal stage, zygote, preembryonic stage, embryonic stage.
C) preembryonic stage, embryonic stage, zygote, fetal stage.
D) zygote, preembryonic stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage.
E) fetal stage, embryonic stage, preembryonic stage, zygote.

Question 53

The hormone released from the hypothalamus that stimulates release of LH and FSH in both the male and female is

A) human growth hormone.
B) testosterone.
C) gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
D) antidiuretic hormone.
E) epinephrine.

Question 54

A female chicken laying a fertilized egg has undergone ____ with a rooster.

A) differentiation
B) external fertilization
C) indirect development
D) direct development
E) internal fertilization

Question 55

If you were measuring hormones in the blood of a patient who was ovulating,you would expect a large increase in which hormone,reaching maximal level on the day of ovulation?

A) FSH
B) LH
C) estrogen
D) progesterone
E) GnRH

Question 56

A diaphragm is a shallow,dome-shaped rubber disk with a flexible rim that fits within the vagina and covers the cervix.How does this act as a contraceptive to prevent pregnancy?

A) It would prevent sperm from reaching the egg.
B) It would prevent ovulation.
C) It would cause the embryo to die.
D) It would prevent implantation on the uterine wall.
E) If would act as a spermicide, killing sperm.

Question 57

A baby turtle growing into an adult that appears similar is an example of

A) direct development.
B) indirect development.
C) differentiation.
D) external fertilization.
E) internal fertilization.

Question 58

After cleavage,the solid ball of 16 or more cells resembling a mulberry that forms is the

A) blastocyst.
B) gastrula.
C) morula.
D) embryonic disc.
E) amnion.

Question 59

In humans,the transparent sac that contains fluid that cushions the embryo and maintains a constant temperature and pressure is the

A) amnion.
B) yolk sac.
C) embryonic disc.
D) chorionic villus.
E) chorion.

Question 60

A female salmon laying unfertilized eggs in a nest is preparing them for ____ by a male salmon.

A) external fertilization
B) internal fertilization
C) indirect development
D) direct development
E) differentiation

Question 61

A tubal ligation is a surgical procedure in which the uterine tubes are severed,and then tied.How would this cause sterility?

A) Oocytes cannot be produced by meiosis.
B) Oocytes cannot move to the uterus.
C) Oocytes cannot be produced by mitosis.
D) A woman cannot have an orgasm.
E) The ovary stops producing estrogen.

Question 62

Sea urchins display external fertilization.

Question 63

Thalidomide was given to pregnant women from 1957-1961 to help relieve the symptoms of morning sickness.Thalidomide binds to and inactivates the protein cereblon,which is important in limb formation.If a woman took thalidomide during the _____ period of her baby's development,it could result in stunted growth of its limbs.

A) preembryonic
B) fetal
C) prezygotic
D) embryonic
E) delivery

Question 64

If you were presented with a patient whose STD responded to drugs specifically directed against protists,you would diagnose

A) trichomoniasis.
B) HIV.
C) HPV.
D) Chlamydia.
E) a yeast infection.

Question 65

Suppose you are working with a group of poor families with insufficent diets,and asked to predict possible health problems,one of the first you might expect would be many birth defects due to insufficient vitamin intake.

Question 66

If you were observing the early development of a chick embryo and saw patterns in terms of the placement of head and wings,you would assume that you were seeing the effects of

A) controlled gene expression.
B) temperature.
C) appropriate lighting.
D) sex hormones.
E) All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 67

In observing an unusual new fish,you see the male come very close to the female and insert a specialized fin into a place where eggs emerge in other fish,leading you to guess that these fish have evolved internal fertilization.

Question 68

Human sperm swim to the egg.

Question 69

The second stage of prenatal development is the fetal stage.

Question 70

In fruit fly development expression of the bicoid gene on one end of the embryo is necessary for proper head positioning.