Deck 14: Cancer in Children

Question 1

When are childhood cancers most often diagnosed?

A) During infancy
B) At peak times of physical growth
C) After diagnosis of a chronic illness
D) After an acute illness

Answer 1

At peak times of physical growth

Question 2

The nurse is preparing a discussion on cancer and its occurrence among college-aged students.Which cancers will the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)

A) Colorectal
B) Testicular
C) Thyroid
D) Breast
E) Lung

Answer 2

Colorectal
Testicular
Thyroid
Breast

Question 3

Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES)can result in which type of cancer?

A) Breast cancer
B) Leukemia
C) Vaginal cancer
D) Lymphoma

Answer 3

Vaginal cancer

Question 4

Which form of cancer is linked to congenital malformation syndromes?

A) Wilms tumor
B) Retinoblastoma
C) Osteosarcoma
D) Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 5

How should the nurse reply when a parent questions why a computed tomographic (CT)scan of the head was not ordered for their 5-year-old child after a minor fall?

A) Physicians are cautious about ordering CT scan on children younger than 10 years of age.
B) CT scans are seldom conclusive when used to diagnosis head injuries in young children.
C) The child's symptoms will determine whether a CT scan is necessary and worth the expense.
D) Research suggests that repeated CT scans can increase the risk of developing brain cancer.

Question 6

Which statement is true concerning the difference between adult and childhood cancers? (Select all that apply.)

A) Numerous differences exist between these two categories of cancer.
B) Childhood cancers are far less likely to be associated with genetic mutations.
C) Environmental risks are strongly associated with childhood cancers.
D) Exposure to pesticides is a minor risk for the development of adult cancers.
E) Maternal exposure to carcinogenic substances presents little risk to the fetus.

Question 7

Most childhood cancers originate from the mesodermal germ layer that ultimately produces which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Connective tissue
B) Digestive system
C) Muscles
D) Kidneys
E) Blood

Question 8

Which intervention has the greatest affect on a child's mortality rate when diagnosed with cancer?

A) Age at the time of diagnosis
B) Participation in clinical trials
C) Proximity to a major cancer treatment center
D) Parental involvement in the treatment planning

Question 9

A child diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)has an increased risk of developing:

A) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
B) Retinoblastoma
C) Epstein-Barr
D) Leukemia

Question 10

What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children?

A) Down syndrome
B) Wilms tumor
C) Retinoblastoma
D) Neuroblastoma

Question 11

Currently,what percentage of children with cancer can be cured?

A) 40%
B) 50%
C) 60%
D) 80%

Question 12

Which statement is likely true regarding children being treated for cancer with radiation therapy?

A) They will most likely have a successful remission of tumor growth.
B) They seldom require follow-up maintenance treatments.
C) They are prone to experience severe developmental delays.
D) They are at increased risk for developing adult cancers.

Question 13

Research data support a carcinogenic relationship in children resulting from exposure to which virus?

A) Herpes simplex virus
B) Influenza
C) Varicella zoster virus
D) Epstein-Barr virus

Question 14

Childhood exposure to which risk factors increases the susceptibility for developing cancers? (Select all that apply.)

A) Low birth weight
B) Chemotherapy
C) Ionizing radiation
D) Cigarette smoke
E) Hodgkin disease

Question 15

Most childhood cancers arise from the:

A) Epithelium
B) Mesodermal germ layer
C) Embryologic ectodermal layer
D) Viscera

Question 16

Which statements are true regarding cancers that develop in children? (Select all that apply.)

A) Childhood cancers tend to be fast growing.
B) Childhood cancers are diagnosed during growth spurts.
C) Childhood cancer generally metastasizes by the time of diagnosis.
D) Childhood cancer is typically at low risk for aggressive metastasis.
E) Childhood cancers respond well to standardized treatment modalities.