Question 1

Which of the following is not true about children with palate only?&#10;A)They are more likely to have deficits in prelanguage skills than their peers.&#10;B)They tend to have the same scores in verbal performance as in nonverbal performance on standardized tests.&#10;C)They may receive more early stimulation than their unaffected peers.&#10;D)They are at increased risk for syndromes.&#10;E)They often have language and learning problems.

Accepted Answer

Children with palate only tend to have lower scores in verbal performance on standardized tests compared to nonverbal performance.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?&#10;A)The infant's abnormal phonological development as a result of the open palate can persist into early speech, even after the palate is repaired.&#10;B)Many children with VPI have reduced expressive language output due to difficulty with speech production.&#10;C)Children with a history of cleft lip only are just as likely to have speech sound errors as children with a history of cleft palate.&#10;D)a and b&#10;E)a and c

Accepted Answer

Both statements A and B are true. Infants with an open palate can have ongoing phonological development issues into early speech even after palate repair. Children with Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) often have reduced expressive language output due to speech production difficulties. Statement C is not accurate because children with a history of cleft palate are more likely to have speech sound errors than those with a history of cleft lip only.

Question 3

Which of the following are common phonemic substitutions used by children who have an unrepaired cleft palate?&#10;A)Glides for liquids&#10;B)Nasals for orals&#10;C)Glottal stops for plosive stops&#10;D)b and c&#10;E)a, b, and c

Accepted Answer

Children with an unrepaired cleft palate often have difficulty producing plosive stops (e.g. /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/ and /g/) due to the inability to generate sufficient oral pressure. As a result, they may substitute glottal stops (e.g. /ʔ/), which involve the closure of the glottis, for plosive stops. Additionally, because of continual nasal regurgitation, they may substitute nasals for orals. Children with cleft palate may also substitute glides (e.g. /w/, /j/) for liquids (/l/, /r/), as a way of avoiding production difficulties with more complex sounds.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a big factor for normal language and cognitive development?&#10;A)Intelligence&#10;B)Attending skills&#10;C)Vision&#10;D)Education of the parents&#10;E)Hearing

Accepted Answer

Education of the parents is not a direct factor in a child's language and cognitive development, whereas intelligence, attending skills, vision, and hearing are directly related to these developmental processes.

Question 5

What is the most important requirement for speech and language learning?&#10;A)Environmental stimulation&#10;B)Motivation&#10;C)Intelligence&#10;D)Adequate hearing&#10;E)Normal oral structure

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most important requirement for...

Question 6

Which of the following will increase the child's motivation to learn and use verbal language?&#10;A)Gestures, which are effective in communicating&#10;B)The family responding to gestures and grunts&#10;C)An older sibling speaking for the child&#10;D)The family not responding to gestures and grunts&#10;E)Intelligibility of speech being poor

Accepted Answer

Not responding to gestures and grunts encourages the child to use verbal language to communicate, as they realize that verbal communication is more effective in getting a response.

Question 7

An infant with a cleft palate will tend to produce a predominance of what type of consonants?&#10;A)Glottals and velars&#10;B)Plosives&#10;C)Fricatives and affricates&#10;D)Liquids&#10;E)Glides

Accepted Answer

Infants with a cleft palate often produce a predominance of glottals and velars because these sounds require less oral air pressure and are easier to produce given the anatomical structure and the difficulty in achieving complete velopharyngeal closure.

Question 8

Infants with an unrepaired cleft palate demonstrate an alteration in the manner of production, with a predominant use of which types of consonants?&#10;A)Stops&#10;B)Fricatives&#10;C)Liquids&#10;D)Nasals&#10;E)Glides

Accepted Answer

Infants with an unrepaired cleft palate often demonstrate a predominant use of nasal consonants in their speech production. This is because the cleft palate affects the normal closure mechanism required for producing non-nasal sounds, making nasal sounds easier to produce.

Question 9

Children with a history of cleft palate only, especially those who have other congenital anomalies, are at most risk for which of the following?&#10;A)Hearing impairment&#10;B)Developmental and intellectual deficits&#10;C)Sensory integration disorders&#10;D)Autism&#10;E)Cerebral palsy

Accepted Answer

Children with a history of cleft palate, particularly those with additional congenital anomalies, are at increased risk for developmental and intellectual deficits due to potential impacts on speech, hearing, and overall development.

Question 10

Infants associate the physical movement of sound production with auditory results through which of the following?&#10;A)Cooing and babbling system&#10;B)Taking turns and external stimulation&#10;C)Tactile-kinesthetic and auditory feedback loop&#10;D)Speech stimulation of the caregivers&#10;E)Contrasting voiced and voiceless phonemes

Accepted Answer

Infants associate the physical movement of sound production with auditory results through the tactile-kinesthetic and auditory feedback loop, where they rely on the sensory feedback from their own movements to adjust and refine their sound production.

Question 11

Which of the following increases the risk for developmental and intellectual deficits?&#10;A)Cleft lip only&#10;B)Complete clefts of the lip and palate&#10;C)Facial clefts&#10;D)Cleft palate only&#10;E)Bilateral clefts

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following increases the risk...

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true?&#10;A)There is an undeniable connection between facial development and the brain based on a wide set of evidence.&#10;B)There is no connection between the facial development and the brain based on a wide set of evidence.&#10;C)The research shows a connection between the brain and facial development, but only when there is both a cleft lip and a cleft palate.&#10;D)Some studies have suggested that there may be a connection between the facial development and the brain.&#10;E)The research shows a connection between the brain and facial development, but only when there is cleft palate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true?&#10;A)There...

Deck 6: Developmental Aspects:speech, Language, and Cognition